动态代理其实就是java.lang.reflect.Proxy类动态的根据您指定的所有接口生成一个class byte,该class会继承Proxy类,并实现所有你指定的接口(您在参数中传入的接口数组);然后再利用您指定的classloader将 class byte加载进系统,最后生成这样一个类的对象,并初始化该对象的一些值,如invocationHandler,以即所有的接口对应的Method成员。 初始化之后将对象返回给调用的客户端。这样客户端拿到的就是一个实现你所有的接口的Proxy对象。请看实例分析:
一 业务接口类
public interface BusinessProcessor {
public void processBusiness();
}
二 业务实现类
public class BusinessProcessorImpl implements BusinessProcessor {
public void processBusiness() {
System.out.println("processing business.....");
}
}
三 业务代理类
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
public class BusinessProcessorHandler implements InvocationHandler {
private Object target = null;
BusinessProcessorHandler(Object target){
this.target = target;
}
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args)
throws Throwable {
System.out.println("You can do something here before process your business");
Object result = method.invoke(target, args);
System.out.println("You can do something here after process your business");
return result;
}
}
四 客户端应用类
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
BusinessProcessorImpl bpimpl = new BusinessProcessorImpl();
BusinessProcessorHandler handler = new BusinessProcessorHandler(bpimpl);
BusinessProcessor bp = (BusinessProcessor)Proxy.newProxyInstance(bpimpl.getClass().getClassLoader(), bpimpl.getClass().getInterfaces(), handler);
bp.processBusiness();
}
}
现在我们看一下打印结果:
You can do something here before process your business
processing business.....
You can do something here after process your business
通过结果我们就能够很简单的看出Proxy的作用了,它能够在你的核心业务方法前后做一些你所想做的辅助工作,如log日志,安全机制等等。
现在我们来分析一下上面的类的工作原理。
类一二没什么好说的。先看看类三吧。 实现了InvocationHandler接口的invoke方法。其实这个类就是最终Proxy调用的固定接口方法。Proxy不管客户端的业务方法是怎么实现的。当客户端调用Proxy时,它只
会调用InvocationHandler的invoke接口,所以我们的真正实现的方法就必须在invoke方法中去调用。关系如下:
BusinessProcessorImpl bpimpl = new BusinessProcessorImpl();
BusinessProcessorHandler handler = new BusinessProcessorHandler(bpimpl);
BusinessProcessor bp = (BusinessProcessor)Proxy.newProxyInstance(....);
bp.processBusiness()-->invocationHandler.invoke()-->bpimpl.processBusiness();
那么bp到底是怎么样一个对象呢。我们改一下main方法看一下就知道了:
public static void main(String[] args) {
BusinessProcessorImpl bpimpl = new BusinessProcessorImpl();
BusinessProcessorHandler handler = new BusinessProcessorHandler(bpimpl);
BusinessProcessor bp = (BusinessProcessor)Proxy.newProxyInstance(bpimpl.getClass().getClassLoader(), bpimpl.getClass().getInterfaces(), handler);
bp.processBusiness();
System.out.println(bp.getClass().getName());
}
输出结果:
You can do something here before process your business
processing business.....
You can do something here after process your business
$Proxy0
bp原来是个$Proxy0这个类的对象。那么这个类到底是长什么样子呢?好的。我们再写二个方法去把这个类打印出来看个究竟,是什么三头六臂呢?我们在main下面写如下两个静态方法。
public static String getModifier(int modifier){
String result = "";
switch(modifier){
case Modifier.PRIVATE:
result = "private";
case Modifier.PUBLIC:
result = "public";
case Modifier.PROTECTED:
result = "protected";
case Modifier.ABSTRACT :
result = "abstract";
case Modifier.FINAL :
result = "final";
case Modifier.NATIVE :
result = "native";
case Modifier.STATIC :
result = "static";
case Modifier.SYNCHRONIZED :
result = "synchronized";
case Modifier.STRICT :
result = "strict";
case Modifier.TRANSIENT :
result = "transient";
case Modifier.VOLATILE :
result = "volatile";
case Modifier.INTERFACE :
result = "interface";
}
return result;
}
public static void printClassDefinition(Class clz){
String clzModifier = getModifier(clz.getModifiers());
if(clzModifier!=null && !clzModifier.equals("")){
clzModifier = clzModifier + " ";
}
String superClz = clz.getSuperclass().getName();
if(superClz!=null && !superClz.equals("")){
superClz = "extends " + superClz;
}
Class[] interfaces = clz.getInterfaces();
String inters = "";
for(int i=0; i<interfaces.length; i++){
if(i==0){
inters += "implements ";
}
inters += interfaces[i].getName();
}
System.out.println(clzModifier +clz.getName()+" " + superClz +" " + inters );
System.out.println("{");
Field[] fields = clz.getDeclaredFields();
for(int i=0; i<fields.length; i++){
String modifier = getModifier(fields[i].getModifiers());
if(modifier!=null && !modifier.equals("")){
modifier = modifier + " ";
}
String fieldName = fields[i].getName();
String fieldType = fields[i].getType().getName();
System.out.println(" "+modifier + fieldType + " "+ fieldName + ";");
}
System.out.println();
Method[] methods = clz.getDeclaredMethods();
for(int i=0; i<methods.length; i++){
Method method = methods[i];
String modifier = getModifier(method.getModifiers());
if(modifier!=null && !modifier.equals("")){
modifier = modifier + " ";
}
String methodName = method.getName();
Class returnClz = method.getReturnType();
String retrunType = returnClz.getName();
Class[] clzs = method.getParameterTypes();
String paraList = "(";
for(int j=0; j<clzs.length; j++){
paraList += clzs[j].getName();
if(j != clzs.length -1 ){
paraList += ", ";
}
}
paraList += ")";
clzs = method.getExceptionTypes();
String exceptions = "";
for(int j=0; j<clzs.length; j++){
if(j==0){
exceptions += "throws ";
}
exceptions += clzs[j].getName();
if(j != clzs.length -1 ){
exceptions += ", ";
}
}
exceptions += ";";
String methodPrototype = modifier +retrunType+" "+methodName+paraList+exceptions;
System.out.println(" "+methodPrototype );
}
System.out.println("}");
}
再改写main方法
public static void main(String[] args) {
BusinessProcessorImpl bpimpl = new BusinessProcessorImpl();
BusinessProcessorHandler handler = new BusinessProcessorHandler(bpimpl);
BusinessProcessor bp = (BusinessProcessor)Proxy.newProxyInstance(bpimpl.getClass().getClassLoader(), bpimpl.getClass().getInterfaces(), handler);
bp.processBusiness();
System.out.println(bp.getClass().getName());
Class clz = bp.getClass();
printClassDefinition(clz);
}
现在我们再看看输出结果:
You can do something here before process your business
processing business.....
You can do something here after process your business
$Proxy0
$Proxy0 extends java.lang.reflect.Proxy implements com.tom.proxy.dynamic.BusinessProcessor
{
java.lang.reflect.Method m4;
java.lang.reflect.Method m2;
java.lang.reflect.Method m0;
java.lang.reflect.Method m3;
java.lang.reflect.Method m1;
void processBusiness();
int hashCode();
boolean equals(java.lang.Object);
java.lang.String toString();
}
很明显,Proxy.newProxyInstance方法会做如下几件事:
1,根据传入的第二个参数interfaces动态生成一个类,实现interfaces中的接口,该例中即BusinessProcessor接口的processBusiness方法。并且继承了Proxy类,重写了hashcode,toString,equals等三个方法。具体实现可参看 ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass(...); 该例中生成了$Proxy0类
2,通过传入的第一个参数classloder将刚生成的类加载到jvm中。即将$Proxy0类load
3,利用第三个参数,调用$Proxy0的$Proxy0(InvocationHandler)构造函数 创建$Proxy0的对象,并且用interfaces参数遍历其所有接口的方法,并生成Method对象初始化对象的几个Method成员变量
4,将$Proxy0的实例返回给客户端。
现在好了。我们再看客户端怎么调就清楚了。
1,客户端拿到的是$Proxy0的实例对象,由于$Proxy0继承了BusinessProcessor,因此转化为BusinessProcessor没任何问题。
BusinessProcessor bp = (BusinessProcessor)Proxy.newProxyInstance(....);
2,bp.processBusiness();
实际上调用的是$Proxy0.processBusiness();那么$Proxy0.processBusiness()的实现就是通过InvocationHandler去调用invoke方法啦!
一 业务接口类
public interface BusinessProcessor {
public void processBusiness();
}
二 业务实现类
public class BusinessProcessorImpl implements BusinessProcessor {
public void processBusiness() {
System.out.println("processing business.....");
}
}
三 业务代理类
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
public class BusinessProcessorHandler implements InvocationHandler {
private Object target = null;
BusinessProcessorHandler(Object target){
this.target = target;
}
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args)
throws Throwable {
System.out.println("You can do something here before process your business");
Object result = method.invoke(target, args);
System.out.println("You can do something here after process your business");
return result;
}
}
四 客户端应用类
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
BusinessProcessorImpl bpimpl = new BusinessProcessorImpl();
BusinessProcessorHandler handler = new BusinessProcessorHandler(bpimpl);
BusinessProcessor bp = (BusinessProcessor)Proxy.newProxyInstance(bpimpl.getClass().getClassLoader(), bpimpl.getClass().getInterfaces(), handler);
bp.processBusiness();
}
}
现在我们看一下打印结果:
You can do something here before process your business
processing business.....
You can do something here after process your business
通过结果我们就能够很简单的看出Proxy的作用了,它能够在你的核心业务方法前后做一些你所想做的辅助工作,如log日志,安全机制等等。
现在我们来分析一下上面的类的工作原理。
类一二没什么好说的。先看看类三吧。 实现了InvocationHandler接口的invoke方法。其实这个类就是最终Proxy调用的固定接口方法。Proxy不管客户端的业务方法是怎么实现的。当客户端调用Proxy时,它只
会调用InvocationHandler的invoke接口,所以我们的真正实现的方法就必须在invoke方法中去调用。关系如下:
BusinessProcessorImpl bpimpl = new BusinessProcessorImpl();
BusinessProcessorHandler handler = new BusinessProcessorHandler(bpimpl);
BusinessProcessor bp = (BusinessProcessor)Proxy.newProxyInstance(....);
bp.processBusiness()-->invocationHandler.invoke()-->bpimpl.processBusiness();
那么bp到底是怎么样一个对象呢。我们改一下main方法看一下就知道了:
public static void main(String[] args) {
BusinessProcessorImpl bpimpl = new BusinessProcessorImpl();
BusinessProcessorHandler handler = new BusinessProcessorHandler(bpimpl);
BusinessProcessor bp = (BusinessProcessor)Proxy.newProxyInstance(bpimpl.getClass().getClassLoader(), bpimpl.getClass().getInterfaces(), handler);
bp.processBusiness();
System.out.println(bp.getClass().getName());
}
输出结果:
You can do something here before process your business
processing business.....
You can do something here after process your business
$Proxy0
bp原来是个$Proxy0这个类的对象。那么这个类到底是长什么样子呢?好的。我们再写二个方法去把这个类打印出来看个究竟,是什么三头六臂呢?我们在main下面写如下两个静态方法。
public static String getModifier(int modifier){
String result = "";
switch(modifier){
case Modifier.PRIVATE:
result = "private";
case Modifier.PUBLIC:
result = "public";
case Modifier.PROTECTED:
result = "protected";
case Modifier.ABSTRACT :
result = "abstract";
case Modifier.FINAL :
result = "final";
case Modifier.NATIVE :
result = "native";
case Modifier.STATIC :
result = "static";
case Modifier.SYNCHRONIZED :
result = "synchronized";
case Modifier.STRICT :
result = "strict";
case Modifier.TRANSIENT :
result = "transient";
case Modifier.VOLATILE :
result = "volatile";
case Modifier.INTERFACE :
result = "interface";
}
return result;
}
public static void printClassDefinition(Class clz){
String clzModifier = getModifier(clz.getModifiers());
if(clzModifier!=null && !clzModifier.equals("")){
clzModifier = clzModifier + " ";
}
String superClz = clz.getSuperclass().getName();
if(superClz!=null && !superClz.equals("")){
superClz = "extends " + superClz;
}
Class[] interfaces = clz.getInterfaces();
String inters = "";
for(int i=0; i<interfaces.length; i++){
if(i==0){
inters += "implements ";
}
inters += interfaces[i].getName();
}
System.out.println(clzModifier +clz.getName()+" " + superClz +" " + inters );
System.out.println("{");
Field[] fields = clz.getDeclaredFields();
for(int i=0; i<fields.length; i++){
String modifier = getModifier(fields[i].getModifiers());
if(modifier!=null && !modifier.equals("")){
modifier = modifier + " ";
}
String fieldName = fields[i].getName();
String fieldType = fields[i].getType().getName();
System.out.println(" "+modifier + fieldType + " "+ fieldName + ";");
}
System.out.println();
Method[] methods = clz.getDeclaredMethods();
for(int i=0; i<methods.length; i++){
Method method = methods[i];
String modifier = getModifier(method.getModifiers());
if(modifier!=null && !modifier.equals("")){
modifier = modifier + " ";
}
String methodName = method.getName();
Class returnClz = method.getReturnType();
String retrunType = returnClz.getName();
Class[] clzs = method.getParameterTypes();
String paraList = "(";
for(int j=0; j<clzs.length; j++){
paraList += clzs[j].getName();
if(j != clzs.length -1 ){
paraList += ", ";
}
}
paraList += ")";
clzs = method.getExceptionTypes();
String exceptions = "";
for(int j=0; j<clzs.length; j++){
if(j==0){
exceptions += "throws ";
}
exceptions += clzs[j].getName();
if(j != clzs.length -1 ){
exceptions += ", ";
}
}
exceptions += ";";
String methodPrototype = modifier +retrunType+" "+methodName+paraList+exceptions;
System.out.println(" "+methodPrototype );
}
System.out.println("}");
}
再改写main方法
public static void main(String[] args) {
BusinessProcessorImpl bpimpl = new BusinessProcessorImpl();
BusinessProcessorHandler handler = new BusinessProcessorHandler(bpimpl);
BusinessProcessor bp = (BusinessProcessor)Proxy.newProxyInstance(bpimpl.getClass().getClassLoader(), bpimpl.getClass().getInterfaces(), handler);
bp.processBusiness();
System.out.println(bp.getClass().getName());
Class clz = bp.getClass();
printClassDefinition(clz);
}
现在我们再看看输出结果:
You can do something here before process your business
processing business.....
You can do something here after process your business
$Proxy0
$Proxy0 extends java.lang.reflect.Proxy implements com.tom.proxy.dynamic.BusinessProcessor
{
java.lang.reflect.Method m4;
java.lang.reflect.Method m2;
java.lang.reflect.Method m0;
java.lang.reflect.Method m3;
java.lang.reflect.Method m1;
void processBusiness();
int hashCode();
boolean equals(java.lang.Object);
java.lang.String toString();
}
很明显,Proxy.newProxyInstance方法会做如下几件事:
1,根据传入的第二个参数interfaces动态生成一个类,实现interfaces中的接口,该例中即BusinessProcessor接口的processBusiness方法。并且继承了Proxy类,重写了hashcode,toString,equals等三个方法。具体实现可参看 ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass(...); 该例中生成了$Proxy0类
2,通过传入的第一个参数classloder将刚生成的类加载到jvm中。即将$Proxy0类load
3,利用第三个参数,调用$Proxy0的$Proxy0(InvocationHandler)构造函数 创建$Proxy0的对象,并且用interfaces参数遍历其所有接口的方法,并生成Method对象初始化对象的几个Method成员变量
4,将$Proxy0的实例返回给客户端。
现在好了。我们再看客户端怎么调就清楚了。
1,客户端拿到的是$Proxy0的实例对象,由于$Proxy0继承了BusinessProcessor,因此转化为BusinessProcessor没任何问题。
BusinessProcessor bp = (BusinessProcessor)Proxy.newProxyInstance(....);
2,bp.processBusiness();
实际上调用的是$Proxy0.processBusiness();那么$Proxy0.processBusiness()的实现就是通过InvocationHandler去调用invoke方法啦!