Spring验证示例 - Spring MVC Form Validator

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Spring验证示例 - Spring MVC Form Validator

 

当我们在任何Web应用程序中接受用户输入时,就有必要对它们进行验证。我们可以使用JavaScript验证客户端的用户输入,但是还必须在服务器端验证它们,以确保我们正在处理有效数据,以防用户禁用javascript。

目录[ 隐藏 ]

 

弹簧验证

Spring MVC Framework默认支持JSR-303规范,我们只需要在Spring MVC应用程序中添加JSR-303及其实现依赖项。Spring还提供了@Validator注释和BindingResult类,通过它我们可以在控制器请求处理程序方法中获取Validator实现引发的错误。

我们可以通过两种方式创建自定义验证器实现 - 第一种是创建一个注释,以确认JSR-303规范并实现它的Validator类。第二种方法是实现org.springframework.validation.Validator接口,并使用@InitBinder注释将其设置为Controller类中的验证器。

让我们在Spring Tool Suite中创建一个简单的Spring MVC项目,我们将使用它的实现工件hibernate-validator来使用JSR-303规范。我们将使用基于注释的表单验证,并基于JSR-303规范标准创建我们自己的自定义验证器。我们还将通过实现Validator接口创建自己的自定义验证器类,并在其中一个控制器处理程序方法中使用它。我们的最终项目如下图所示。

Spring验证示例

让我们逐个查看每个组件。

 

Spring MVC Form Validator

我们的最终pom.xml文件如下所示。除了标准的Spring MVC工件外,我们在项目中还有validation-api和hibernate-validator依赖项。


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com.journaldev</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring</artifactId>
	<name>SpringFormValidation</name>
	<packaging>war</packaging>
	<version>1.0.0-BUILD-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<properties>
		<java-version>1.7</java-version>
		<org.springframework-version>4.0.2.RELEASE</org.springframework-version>
		<org.aspectj-version>1.7.4</org.aspectj-version>
		<org.slf4j-version>1.7.5</org.slf4j-version>
	</properties>
	<dependencies>
	<!-- Form Validation using Annotations -->  
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.validation</groupId>
			<artifactId>validation-api</artifactId>
			<version>1.1.0.Final</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
			<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
			<version>4.1.0.Final</version>
		</dependency>
		
		<!-- Spring -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
			<version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
			<exclusions>
				<!-- Exclude Commons Logging in favor of SLF4j -->
				<exclusion>
					<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
					<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
				</exclusion>
			</exclusions>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
			<version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- AspectJ -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
			<artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
			<version>${org.aspectj-version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- Logging -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
			<version>${org.slf4j-version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
			<version>${org.slf4j-version}</version>
			<scope>runtime</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
			<version>${org.slf4j-version}</version>
			<scope>runtime</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>log4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
			<version>1.2.15</version>
			<exclusions>
				<exclusion>
					<groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
					<artifactId>mail</artifactId>
				</exclusion>
				<exclusion>
					<groupId>javax.jms</groupId>
					<artifactId>jms</artifactId>
				</exclusion>
				<exclusion>
					<groupId>com.sun.jdmk</groupId>
					<artifactId>jmxtools</artifactId>
				</exclusion>
				<exclusion>
					<groupId>com.sun.jmx</groupId>
					<artifactId>jmxri</artifactId>
				</exclusion>
			</exclusions>
			<scope>runtime</scope>
		</dependency>

		<!-- @Inject -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.inject</groupId>
			<artifactId>javax.inject</artifactId>
			<version>1</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- Servlet -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
			<version>2.5</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
			<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
			<version>2.1</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
			<version>1.2</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- Test -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>4.7</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-eclipse-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>2.9</version>
				<configuration>
					<additionalProjectnatures>
						<projectnature>org.springframework.ide.eclipse.core.springnature</projectnature>
					</additionalProjectnatures>
					<additionalBuildcommands>
						<buildcommand>org.springframework.ide.eclipse.core.springbuilder</buildcommand>
					</additionalBuildcommands>
					<downloadSources>true</downloadSources>
					<downloadJavadocs>true</downloadJavadocs>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>2.5.1</version>
				<configuration>
					<source>1.6</source>
					<target>1.6</target>
					<compilerArgument>-Xlint:all</compilerArgument>
					<showWarnings>true</showWarnings>
					<showDeprecation>true</showDeprecation>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
				<artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>1.2.1</version>
				<configuration>
					<mainClass>org.test.int1.Main</mainClass>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>

部署描述符

从STS创建Spring MVC项目时,它会创建两个上下文配置文件。我已经清理了一下,只有一个spring bean配置文件。我的最终web.xml文件如下所示。


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
	
	<!-- Processes application requests -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/spring.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
		
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

Spring Bean配置文件

通常我们会在最后查看弹簧布线,但这次我们在spring bean配置文件中没有太多配置。我们的最终spring.xml文件如下所示。


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

	<!-- DispatcherServlet Context: defines this servlet's request-processing infrastructure -->
	
	<!-- Enables the Spring MVC @Controller programming model -->
	<annotation-driven />

	<!-- Handles HTTP GET requests for /resources/** by efficiently serving up static resources in the ${webappRoot}/resources directory -->
	<resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />

	<!-- Resolves views selected for rendering by @Controllers to .jsp resources in the /WEB-INF/views directory -->
	<beans:bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<beans:property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
		<beans:property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
	</beans:bean>
	
	<beans:bean id="employeeValidator" class="com.journaldev.spring.form.validator.EmployeeFormValidator" />
	
	<beans:bean id="messageSource"
		class="org.springframework.context.support.ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource">
		<beans:property name="basename" value="classpath:message" />
		<beans:property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8" />
	</beans:bean>
	
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.journaldev.spring" />
	
</beans:beans>

唯一需要注意的重点是employeeValidatorbean,我们将注入一个控制器和messageSourcebean来读取资源包中的本地化数据。其余部分是支持注释,查看解析器和提供包来扫描Controller类和其他组件。

模型类

我们在这个项目中有两个模型类 - 第一个我们将使用JSR-303注释和我们的基于自定义注释的验证器,第二个我们将只使用我们的Validator实现。

Customer.java代码:


package com.journaldev.spring.form.model;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.validation.constraints.Max;
import javax.validation.constraints.Min;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
import javax.validation.constraints.Past;
import javax.validation.constraints.Size;

import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Email;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.NotEmpty;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;

import com.journaldev.spring.form.validator.Phone;

public class Customer {

	@Size(min=2, max=30) 
    private String name;
     
    @NotEmpty @Email
    private String email;
     
    @NotNull @Min(18) @Max(100)
    private Integer age;
     
    @NotNull
    private Gender gender;
     
    @DateTimeFormat(pattern="MM/dd/yyyy")
    @NotNull @Past
    private Date birthday;
    
    @Phone
    private String phone;
    
    public enum Gender {
		MALE, FEMALE
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getEmail() {
		return email;
	}

	public void setEmail(String email) {
		this.email = email;
	}

	public Integer getAge() {
		return age;
	}

	public void setAge(Integer age) {
		this.age = age;
	}

	public Gender getGender() {
		return gender;
	}

	public void setGender(Gender gender) {
		this.gender = gender;
	}

	public Date getBirthday() {
		return birthday;
	}

	public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
		this.birthday = birthday;
	}

	public String getPhone() {
		return phone;
	}

	public void setPhone(String phone) {
		this.phone = phone;
	}
	
}

请注意,我们使用的是@Email,@ NoEmpty和@DateTimeFormat注释,它们是JSR-303的附加内容,由hibernate验证器实现提供。我们使用的一些JSR-303注释是@ Size,@ NotNull等。

@Phone注释使用的是我们基于JSR-303规范的自定义实现,我们将在下一节中对其进行研究。

Employee.java代码:


package com.journaldev.spring.form.model;

public class Employee {

	private int id;
	private String name;
	private String role;
	
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String getRole() {
		return role;
	}
	public void setRole(String role) {
		this.role = role;
	}
	
}

Employee是一个标准的java bean,我们将使用我们的自定义Validator实现来使用Employee bean验证表单。

 

自定义验证器实现

Phone.java代码:


package com.journaldev.spring.form.validator;

import java.lang.annotation.Documented;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;

import javax.validation.Constraint;
import javax.validation.Payload;

@Documented
@Constraint(validatedBy = PhoneValidator.class)
@Target( { ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.FIELD })
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Phone {
 
     
    String message() default "{Phone}";
     
    Class<?>[] groups() default {};
     
    Class<? extends Payload>[] payload() default {};
      
}

大部分是锅炉板代码,以确认JSR-303规格。最重要的部分是@Constraint注释,我们提供将用于验证的类,即PhoneValidator

PhoneValidator.java代码:


package com.journaldev.spring.form.validator;

import javax.validation.ConstraintValidator;
import javax.validation.ConstraintValidatorContext;

public class PhoneValidator implements ConstraintValidator<Phone, String> {

	@Override
	public void initialize(Phone paramA) {
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isValid(String phoneNo, ConstraintValidatorContext ctx) {
		if(phoneNo == null){
			return false;
		}
		//validate phone numbers of format "1234567890"
        if (phoneNo.matches("\\d{10}")) return true;
        //validating phone number with -, . or spaces
        else if(phoneNo.matches("\\d{3}[-\\.\\s]\\d{3}[-\\.\\s]\\d{4}")) return true;
        //validating phone number with extension length from 3 to 5
        else if(phoneNo.matches("\\d{3}-\\d{3}-\\d{4}\\s(x|(ext))\\d{3,5}")) return true;
        //validating phone number where area code is in braces ()
        else if(phoneNo.matches("\\(\\d{3}\\)-\\d{3}-\\d{4}")) return true;
        //return false if nothing matches the input
        else return false;
	}

}

我们的JSR-303规范验证器实现应该实现javax.validation.ConstraintValidator接口。如果我们使用某些资源(如DataSource),我们可以在initialize()方法中初始化它们。验证方法是isValid,如果数据有效则返回true,否则返回false。

 

如果您不熟悉正则表达式,可以在Java Regular Expressions Tutorial中阅读更多相关内容。

EmployeeFormValidator.java类代码:


package com.journaldev.spring.form.validator;

import org.springframework.validation.Errors;
import org.springframework.validation.ValidationUtils;
import org.springframework.validation.Validator;

import com.journaldev.spring.form.model.Employee;

public class EmployeeFormValidator implements Validator {

	//which objects can be validated by this validator
	@Override
	public boolean supports(Class<?> paramClass) {
		return Employee.class.equals(paramClass);
	}

	@Override
	public void validate(Object obj, Errors errors) {
		ValidationUtils.rejectIfEmptyOrWhitespace(errors, "id", "id.required");
		
		Employee emp = (Employee) obj;
		if(emp.getId() <=0){
			errors.rejectValue("id", "negativeValue", new Object[]{"'id'"}, "id can't be negative");
		}
		
		ValidationUtils.rejectIfEmptyOrWhitespace(errors, "name", "name.required");
		ValidationUtils.rejectIfEmptyOrWhitespace(errors, "role", "role.required");
	}
}

EmployeeFormValidator是特定于Spring Framework的验证器实现。supports()Spring Framework的方法实现,以了解可以使用此验证的对象。

validate()如果任何字段验证失败,我们实现方法并添加错误。Spring org.springframework.validation.ValidationUtils为基本验证提供了实用程序类,例如null或empty。一旦这个方法返回,spring框架就会将Errors对象绑定到我们在控制器处理程序方法中使用的BindingResult对象。

请注意,ValidationUtils.rejectIfEmptyOrWhitespace()最后一个参数采用消息资源的密钥名称。这样我们就可以向用户提供本地化的错误消息。有关Spring中i18n的更多信息,请阅读Spring i18n示例

 

控制器类

我们有两个控制器类,一个用于基于注释的表单验证,另一个用于我们的自定义验证器。

CustomerController.java类代码:


package com.journaldev.spring.form.controllers;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.validation.Valid;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import com.journaldev.spring.form.model.Customer;

@Controller
public class CustomerController {

	private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory
			.getLogger(CustomerController.class);
	
	private Map<String, Customer> customers = null;
	
	public CustomerController(){
		customers = new HashMap<String, Customer>();
	}

	@RequestMapping(value = "/cust/save", method = RequestMethod.GET)
	public String saveCustomerPage(Model model) {
		logger.info("Returning custSave.jsp page");
		model.addAttribute("customer", new Customer());
		return "custSave";
	}

	@RequestMapping(value = "/cust/save.do", method = RequestMethod.POST)
	public String saveCustomerAction(
			@Valid Customer customer,
			BindingResult bindingResult, Model model) {
		if (bindingResult.hasErrors()) {
			logger.info("Returning custSave.jsp page");
			return "custSave";
		}
		logger.info("Returning custSaveSuccess.jsp page");
		model.addAttribute("customer", customer);
		customers.put(customer.getEmail(), customer);
		return "custSaveSuccess";
	}

}

当我们使用基于注释的表单验证时,我们只需要在我们的控制器处理程序方法实现中进行少量更改以使其正常工作。

首先,我们需要注释我们想要使用@Valid注释验证的模型对象。然后我们需要在方法中使用BindingResult参数,spring负责用错误消息填充它。处理程序方法逻辑非常简单,如果有任何错误我们正在响应同一页面,否则我们将用户重定向到成功页面。

另一个要注意的重点是我们在模型中添加“customer”属性,这是让Spring框架知道在表单页面中使用哪个模型对象所必需的。如果我们不这样做,对象绑定到表单数据将不会发生,我们的表单验证将不起作用。

EmployeeController.java类代码:


package com.journaldev.spring.form.controllers;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.validation.Validator;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
import org.springframework.web.bind.WebDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import com.journaldev.spring.form.model.Employee;

@Controller
public class EmployeeController {

	private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory
			.getLogger(EmployeeController.class);

	private Map<Integer, Employee> emps = null;

	@Autowired
	@Qualifier("employeeValidator")
	private Validator validator;

	@InitBinder
	private void initBinder(WebDataBinder binder) {
		binder.setValidator(validator);
	}

	public EmployeeController() {
		emps = new HashMap<Integer, Employee>();
	}

	@ModelAttribute("employee")
	public Employee createEmployeeModel() {
		// ModelAttribute value should be same as used in the empSave.jsp
		return new Employee();
	}

	@RequestMapping(value = "/emp/save", method = RequestMethod.GET)
	public String saveEmployeePage(Model model) {
		logger.info("Returning empSave.jsp page");
		return "empSave";
	}

	@RequestMapping(value = "/emp/save.do", method = RequestMethod.POST)
	public String saveEmployeeAction(
			@ModelAttribute("employee") @Validated Employee employee,
			BindingResult bindingResult, Model model) {
		if (bindingResult.hasErrors()) {
			logger.info("Returning empSave.jsp page");
			return "empSave";
		}
		logger.info("Returning empSaveSuccess.jsp page");
		model.addAttribute("emp", employee);
		emps.put(employee.getId(), employee);
		return "empSaveSuccess";
	}
}

对于使用自定义验证器,首先我们需要将它注入控制器类。我们正在使用spring bean自动布线来实现这个使用@Autowired@Qualifier注释。

接下来,我们需要一个将WebDataBinder作为参数的方法,并设置我们要使用的自定义验证器。此方法应使用注释进行@InitBinder注释。

使用@ModelAttribute是将我们的bean对象添加到Model的另一种方法。其余代码类似于客户控制器实现。

 

表单验证错误消息资源包

现在是时候查看我们的资源包,我们有不同类型的消息用于验证错误。

message_en.properties文件:


#application defined error messsages
id.required=Employee ID is required
name.required=Employee Name is required
role.required=Employee Role is required
negativeValue={0} can't be negative or zero

#Spring framework error messages to be used when conversion from form data to bean fails
typeMismatch.int={0} Value must be an integer
typeMismatch.java.lang.Integer={0} must be an integer
typeMismatch={0} is of invalid format

#application messages for annotations, {ValidationClass}.{modelObjectName}.{field}
#the {0} is field name, other fields are in alphabatical order, max and then min  
Size.customer.name=Customer {0} should be between {2} and {1} characters long
NotEmpty.customer.email=Email is a required field
NotNull.customer.age=Customer {0} should be in years

#Generic annotation class messages
Email=Email address is not valid
NotNull=This is a required field
NotEmpty=This is a required field
Past=Date should be Past

#Custom validation annotation
Phone=Invalid format, valid formats are 1234567890, 123-456-7890 x1234

我在评论中提供了消息密钥详细信息,因此我将在此处跳过它们。这里要注意的唯一要点是查询消息的方式,第一个键名{ValidationClass}。{modelObjectName}。{field}被查找,如果找不到,那么{ValidationClass}。{modelObjectName}被查找。如果缺少那个,那么最后查找{ValidationClass}键。如果未找到任何内容,则将返回提供的默认消息。

Spring Localization Example中阅读有关资源消息的更多信息。

 

查看包含表单和错误的页面

由于我们使用的是Spring框架验证实现,因此我们必须使用Spring Form标记来获取错误并设置表单bean和变量名称。

我们的custSave.jsp文件代码如下。


<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
	pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<%@ taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form"
	prefix="springForm"%>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Customer Save Page</title>
<style>
.error {
	color: #ff0000;
	font-style: italic;
	font-weight: bold;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>

	<springForm:form method="POST" commandName="customer"
		action="save.do">
		<table>
			<tr>
				<td>Name:</td>
				<td><springForm:input path="name" /></td>
				<td><springForm:errors path="name" cssClass="error" /></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>Email:</td>
				<td><springForm:input path="email" /></td>
				<td><springForm:errors path="email" cssClass="error" /></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>Age:</td>
				<td><springForm:input path="age" /></td>
				<td><springForm:errors path="age" cssClass="error" /></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>Gender:</td>
				<td><springForm:select path="gender">
						<springForm:option value="" label="Select Gender" />
						<springForm:option value="MALE" label="Male" />
						<springForm:option value="FEMALE" label="Female" />
					</springForm:select></td>
				<td><springForm:errors path="gender" cssClass="error" /></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>Birthday:</td>
				<td><springForm:input path="birthday" placeholder="MM/dd/yyyy"/></td>
				<td><springForm:errors path="birthday" cssClass="error" /></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>Phone:</td>
				<td><springForm:input path="phone" /></td>
				<td><springForm:errors path="phone" cssClass="error" /></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td colspan="3"><input type="submit" value="Save Customer"></td>
			</tr>
		</table>

	</springForm:form>

</body>
</html>

commandName="customer"用于设置公开表单对象的模型属性的名称。它的默认值默认为“command”,因此我们应该将它设置为我们在控制器类中使用的模型属性名称。

springForm:errors用于呈现在呈现页面时发现的错误(如果有)。pathattribute用于定义要用于数据绑定的对象属性。其余代码是标准HTML,带有一些用于错误消息样式的CSS。

我们的custSaveSuccess.jsp文件如下所示。


<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="fmt" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" %>

<%@ page session="false" %>
<html>
<head>
	<title>Customer Saved Successfully</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>
	Customer Saved Successfully.
</h3>

<strong>Customer Name:${customer.name}</strong><br>
<strong>Customer Email:${customer.email}</strong><br>
<strong>Customer Age:${customer.age}</strong><br>
<strong>Customer Gender:${customer.gender}</strong><br>
<strong>Customer Birthday:<fmt:formatDate value="${customer.birthday}" type="date" /></strong><br>

</body>
</html>

如果没有验证错误,则显示客户值的简单JSP页面,此页面作为响应返回。它的名字是empSave.jsp。


<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
	pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<%@ taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form"
	prefix="springForm"%>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Employee Save Page</title>
<style>
.error {
	color: #ff0000;
	font-style: italic;
	font-weight: bold;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>

	<springForm:form method="POST" commandName="employee"
		action="save.do">
		<table>
			<tr>
				<td>Employee ID:</td>
				<td><springForm:input path="id" /></td>
				<td><springForm:errors path="id" cssClass="error" /></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>Employee Name:</td>
				<td><springForm:input path="name" /></td>
				<td><springForm:errors path="name" cssClass="error" /></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>Employee Role:</td>
				<td><springForm:select path="role">
						<springForm:option value="" label="Select Role" />
						<springForm:option value="ceo" label="CEO" />
						<springForm:option value="developer" label="Developer" />
						<springForm:option value="manager" label="Manager" />
					</springForm:select></td>
				<td><springForm:errors path="role" cssClass="error" /></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td colspan="3"><input type="submit" value="Save"></td>
			</tr>
		</table>

	</springForm:form>

</body>
</html>

empSaveSuccess.jsp文件:


<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@ page session="false" %>
<html>
<head>
	<title>Employee Saved Successfully</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>
	Employee Saved Successfully.
</h3>

<strong>Employee ID:${emp.id}</strong><br>
<strong>Employee Name:${emp.name}</strong><br>
<strong>Employee Role:${emp.role}</strong><br>

</body>
</html>

测试Spring MVC表单验证应用程序

我们的应用程序已准备好部署并运行一些测试,将其部署在您最喜欢的servlet容器中。我正在使用Apache Tomcat 7及以下图像显示一些带有验证错误消息的页面。根据您的输入数据,您可能也会收到不同的错误消息。

这就是Spring MVC Form验证的不同方式,并使用资源包进行本地化错误消息。您可以从下面的链接下载示例项目并使用它来了解更多信息。

下载Spring Form验证项目

 

转载来源:https://www.journaldev.com/2668/spring-validation-example-mvc-validator

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