http://blog.csdn.net/chdjj/article/details/19117969
android客户端向服务器通信一般有以下选择:
1.传统的java.net.HttpURLConnection类
2.apache的httpClient框架(已纳入android.jar中,可直接使用)
3.github上的开源框架async-http(基于httpClient)
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下面分别记录这三种方式的使用,以后忘了就来看看~
下面开始贴代码
传统方式:
- /**
- * 以get方式向服务端发送请求,并将服务端的响应结果以字符串方式返回。如果没有响应内容则返回空字符串
- *
- * @param url 请求的url地址
- * @param params 请求参数
- * @param charset url编码采用的码表
- * @return
- */
- public static String getDataByGet(String url,Map<String,String> params,String charset)
- {
- if(url == null)
- {
- return "";
- }
- url = url.trim();
- URL targetUrl = null;
- try
- {
- if(params == null)
- {
- targetUrl = new URL(url);
- }
- else
- {
- StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(url+"?");
- for(Map.Entry<String,String> me : params.entrySet())
- {
- // 解决请求参数中含有中文导致乱码问题
- sb.append(me.getKey()).append("=").append(URLEncoder.encode(me.getValue(),charset)).append("&");
- }
- sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length()-1);
- targetUrl = new URL(sb.toString());
- }
- Log.i(TAG,"get:url----->"+targetUrl.toString());//打印log
- HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) targetUrl.openConnection();
- conn.setConnectTimeout(3000);
- conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
- conn.setDoInput(true);
- int responseCode = conn.getResponseCode();
- if(responseCode == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK)
- {
- return stream2String(conn.getInputStream(),charset);
- }
- } catch (Exception e)
- {
- Log.i(TAG,e.getMessage());
- }
- return "";
- /**
- * 以post方式向服务端发送请求,并将服务端的响应结果以字符串方式返回。如果没有响应内容则返回空字符串
- * @param url 请求的url地址
- * @param params 请求参数
- * @param charset url编码采用的码表
- * @return
- */
- public static String getDataByPost(String url,Map<String,String> params,String charset)
- {
- if(url == null)
- {
- return "";
- }
- url = url.trim();
- URL targetUrl = null;
- OutputStream out = null;
- try
- {
- targetUrl = new URL(url);
- HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) targetUrl.openConnection();
- conn.setConnectTimeout(3000);
- conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
- conn.setDoInput(true);
- conn.setDoOutput(true);
- StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
- if(params!=null && !params.isEmpty())
- {
- for(Map.Entry<String,String> me : params.entrySet())
- {
- // 对请求数据中的中文进行编码
- sb.append(me.getKey()).append("=").append(URLEncoder.encode(me.getValue(),charset)).append("&");
- }
- sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length()-1);
- }
- byte[] data = sb.toString().getBytes();
- conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
- conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length));
- out = conn.getOutputStream();
- out.write(data);
- Log.i(TAG,"post:url----->"+targetUrl.toString());//打印log
- int responseCode = conn.getResponseCode();
- if(responseCode == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK)
- {
- return stream2String(conn.getInputStream(),charset);
- }
- } catch (Exception e)
- {
- Log.i(TAG,e.getMessage());
- }
- return "";
- }
- /**
- * 将输入流对象中的数据输出到字符串中返回
- * @param in
- * @return
- * @throws IOException
- */
- private static String stream2String(InputStream in,String charset) throws IOException
- {
- if(in == null)
- return "";
- byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
- ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
- int len = 0;
- while((len = in.read(buffer)) !=-1)
- {
- bout.write(buffer, 0, len);
- }
- String result = new String(bout.toByteArray(),charset);
- in.close();
- return result;
- }
- package cn.edu.chd.httpclientdemo.http;
- import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.io.InputStream;
- import java.net.URLEncoder;
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import java.util.List;
- import java.util.Map;
- import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
- import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
- import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
- import org.apache.http.StatusLine;
- import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
- import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
- import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
- import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
- import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
- import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
- import android.util.Log;
- /**
- * @author Rowand jj
- *
- *http工具类,发送get/post请求
- */
- public final class HttpUtils
- {
- private static final String TAG = "HttpUtils";
- private static final String CHARSET = "utf-8";
- private HttpUtils(){}
- /**
- * 以get方式向指定url发送请求,将响应结果以字符串方式返回
- * @param uri
- * @return 如果没有响应数据返回null
- */
- public static String requestByGet(String url,Map<String,String> data)
- {
- if(url == null)
- return null;
- // 构建默认http客户端对象
- HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
- try
- {
- // 拼装url,并对中文进行编码
- StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(url+"?");
- if(data != null)
- {
- for(Map.Entry<String,String> me : data.entrySet())
- {
- sb.append(URLEncoder.encode(me.getKey(),CHARSET)).append("=").append(URLEncoder.encode(me.getValue(),"utf-8")).append("&");
- }
- sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length()-1);
- }
- Log.i(TAG, "[get]--->uri:"+sb.toString());
- // 创建一个get请求
- HttpGet get = new HttpGet(sb.toString());
- // 执行get请求,获取http响应
- HttpResponse response = client.execute(get);
- // 获取响应状态行
- StatusLine statusLine = response.getStatusLine();
- //请求成功
- if(statusLine != null && statusLine.getStatusCode() == 200)
- {
- // 获取响应实体
- HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
- if(entity != null)
- {
- return readInputStream(entity.getContent());
- }
- }
- } catch (Exception e)
- {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- return null;
- }
- /**
- * 以post方式向指定url发送请求,将响应结果以字符串方式返回
- * @param url
- * @param data 以键值对形式表示的信息
- * @return
- */
- public static String requestByPost(String url,Map<String,String> data)
- {
- if(url == null)
- return null;
- HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
- HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
- List<NameValuePair> params = null;
- try
- {
- Log.i(TAG, "[post]--->uri:"+url);
- params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
- if(data != null)
- {
- for(Map.Entry<String,String> me : data.entrySet())
- {
- params.add(new BasicNameValuePair(me.getKey(),me.getValue()));
- }
- }
- // 设置请求实体
- post.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params,CHARSET));
- // 获取响应信息
- HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);
- StatusLine statusLine = response.getStatusLine();
- if(statusLine!=null && statusLine.getStatusCode()==200)
- {
- HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
- if(entity!=null)
- {
- return readInputStream(entity.getContent());
- }
- }
- } catch (Exception e)
- {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- return null;
- }
- /**
- * 将流中的数据写入字符串返回
- * @param is
- * @return
- * @throws IOException
- */
- private static String readInputStream(InputStream is) throws IOException
- {
- if(is == null)
- return null;
- ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
- int len = 0;
- byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
- while((len = is.read(buf))!=-1)
- {
- bout.write(buf, 0, len);
- }
- is.close();
- return new String(bout.toByteArray());
- }
- /**
- * 将流中的数据写入字符串返回,以指定的编码格式
- * 【如果服务端返回的编码不是utf-8,可以使用此方法,将返回结果以指定编码格式写入字符串】
- * @param is
- * @return
- * @throws IOException
- */
- private static String readInputStream(InputStream is,String charset) throws IOException
- {
- if(is == null)
- return null;
- ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
- int len = 0;
- byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
- while((len = is.read(buf))!=-1)
- {
- bout.write(buf, 0, len);
- }
- is.close();
- return new String(bout.toByteArray(),charset);
- }
- }
3.使用async-http框架,这个如果使用的话需要导入框架的jar包或者把源码拷到工程下:
这个框架的好处是每次请求会开辟子线程,不会抛networkonmainthread异常,另外处理器类继承了Handler类,所以可以在里面更改UI。
注:这里使用的是最新的1.4.4版。
·
- /**
- * 使用异步http框架发送get请求
- * @param path get路径,中文参数需要编码(URLEncoder.encode)
- */
- public void doGet(String path)
- {
- AsyncHttpClient httpClient = new AsyncHttpClient();
- httpClient.get(path, new AsyncHttpResponseHandler(){
- @Override
- public void onSuccess(int statusCode, Header[] headers, byte[] responseBody)
- {
- if(statusCode == 200)
- {
- try
- {
- // 此处应该根据服务端的编码格式进行编码,否则会乱码
- tv_show.setText(new String(responseBody,"utf-8"));
- } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e)
- {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
- });
- }
- /**
- * 使用异步http框架发送get请求
- * @param path
- */
- public void doPost(String path)
- {
- AsyncHttpClient httpClient = new AsyncHttpClient();
- RequestParams params = new RequestParams();
- params.put("paper","中文");//value可以是流、文件、对象等其他类型,很强大!!
- httpClient.post(path, params, new AsyncHttpResponseHandler(){
- @Override
- public void onSuccess(int statusCode, Header[] headers, byte[] responseBody)
- {
- if(statusCode == 200)
- {
- tv_show.setText(new String(responseBody));
- }
- }
- });
- }