Spring通过注解读取外部配置文件
一、使用注解@PropertySource
指定路径
使用 @PropertySource 指定配置文件路径,支持 properties 和 XML 的配置文件,但不支持 yml。
属性赋值
可以用注解 @Value 对属性直接赋值、${}获取配置文件的值、SPEL表达式#{}。
直接赋值:@Value(“name jack”)
读取配置文件:@Value(“
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指定默认值:
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{user.age}") 指定默认值:@Value("
user.age")指定默认值:@Value("{user.desc:default desc}”) 表示如果没有user.desc的配置,则赋值为default desc
SPEL表达式:@Value(“#{‘${user.username}’?.toUpperCase()}”) 表示将从配置文件读取的值转为大写,?可以不填,表示如果没有user.username的配置,则忽略
例子
config.properties内容
ps.datasource.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
ps.datasource.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring?useTimezone=true&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&allowMultiQueries=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&tcpRcvBuf=1024000&useOldAliasMetadataBehavior=true&useSSL=false&rewriteBatchedStatements=true&useAffectedRows=true
ps.datasource.username=root
ps.datasource.password=root
ps.datasource.minIdle=1
ps.datasource.maxPoolSize=10
ps.datasource.connectionTimeout=3000
ps.datasource.idleTimeout=300000
配置类
/**
-
使用@PropertySource指定具体的配置文件,用@Value设置具体的属性值, 不支持yml
*/
@Component
@PropertySource(“classpath:config.properties”)
public class DbProperties {@Value(“ p s . d a t a s o u r c e . d r i v e r C l a s s N a m e " ) p r i v a t e S t r i n g d r i v e r C l a s s N a m e ; @ V a l u e ( " {ps.datasource.driverClassName}") private String driverClassName; @Value(" ps.datasource.driverClassName")privateStringdriverClassName;@Value("{ps.datasource.jdbcUrl}”)
private String jdbcUrl;
@Value(“ p s . d a t a s o u r c e . u s e r n a m e " ) p r i v a t e S t r i n g u s e r n a m e ; @ V a l u e ( " {ps.datasource.username}") private String username; @Value(" ps.datasource.username")privateStringusername;@Value("{ps.datasource.password}”)
private String password;
@Value(“ p s . d a t a s o u r c e . m i n I d l e " ) p r i v a t e i n t m i n I d l e ; @ V a l u e ( " {ps.datasource.minIdle}") private int minIdle; @Value(" ps.datasource.minIdle")privateintminIdle;@Value("{ps.datasource.maxPoolSize}”)
private int maxPoolSize;
@Value(“ p s . d a t a s o u r c e . c o n n e c t i o n T i m e o u t " ) p r i v a t e i n t c o n n e c t i o n T i m e o u t ; @ V a l u e ( " {ps.datasource.connectionTimeout}") private int connectionTimeout; @Value(" ps.datasource.connectionTimeout")privateintconnectionTimeout;@Value("{ps.datasource.idleTimeout}”)
private int idleTimeout;public String getDriverClassName() {
return driverClassName;
}public void setDriverClassName(String driverClassName) {
this.driverClassName = driverClassName;
}public String getJdbcUrl() {
return jdbcUrl;
}public void setJdbcUrl(String jdbcUrl) {
this.jdbcUrl = jdbcUrl;
}public String getUsername() {
return username;
}public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}public String getPassword() {
return password;
}public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}public int getMinIdle() {
return minIdle;
}public void setMinIdle(int minIdle) {
this.minIdle = minIdle;
}public int getMaxPoolSize() {
return maxPoolSize;
}public void setMaxPoolSize(int maxPoolSize) {
this.maxPoolSize = maxPoolSize;
}public int getConnectionTimeout() {
return connectionTimeout;
}public void setConnectionTimeout(int connectionTimeout) {
this.connectionTimeout = connectionTimeout;
}public int getIdleTimeout() {
return idleTimeout;
}public void setIdleTimeout(int idleTimeout) {
this.idleTimeout = idleTimeout;
}@Override
public String toString() {
return “DbProperties{” +
“driverClassName='” + driverClassName + ‘’’ +
“, jdbcUrl='” + jdbcUrl + ‘’’ +
“, username='” + username + ‘’’ +
“, password='” + password + ‘’’ +
“, minIdle=” + minIdle +
“, maxPoolSize=” + maxPoolSize +
“, connectionTimeout=” + connectionTimeout +
“, idleTimeout=” + idleTimeout +
‘}’;
}
}
二、使用Environment
/** -
Environment可以获取classpath下配置的属性值,无需指定具体的配置文件。 不支持yml
*/
@Component
public class UserProperties {@Autowired
private Environment env;public String getUserName() {
return env.getProperty(“user.name”);
}public String getPassword() {
return env.getProperty(“user.password”);
}
}
三、使用PropertiesLoaderUtils
try {
Properties properties = PropertiesLoaderUtils.loadAllProperties(“config.properties”);
System.out.println(properties.getProperty(“user.name”));
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}