Android SDK集成了Apache HttpClient模块。要注意的是,这里的Apache HttpClient模块是HttpClient 4.0(org.apache.http.*),而不是常见的Jakarta Commons HttpClient 3.x(org.apache.commons.httpclient.*)。
HttpClient常用HttpGet和HttpPost这两个类,分别对应Get方式和Post方式。
无论是使用HttpGet,还是使用HttpPost,都必须通过如下3步来访问HTTP资源。
1.创建HttpGet或HttpPost对象,将要请求的URL通过构造方法传入HttpGet或HttpPost对象。
2.使用DefaultHttpClient类的execute方法发送HTTP GET或HTTP POST请求,并返回HttpResponse对象。
3.通过HttpResponse接口的getEntity方法返回响应信息,并进行相应的处理。
如果使用HttpPost方法提交HTTP POST请求,则需要使用HttpPost类的setEntity方法设置请求参数。参数则必须用NameValuePair[]数组存储。
HttpGet
- public String doGet()
- {
- String uriAPI = "http://XXXXX?str=I+am+get+String";
- String result= "";
- // HttpGet httpRequst = new HttpGet(URI uri);
- // HttpGet httpRequst = new HttpGet(String uri);
- // 创建HttpGet或HttpPost对象,将要请求的URL通过构造方法传入HttpGet或HttpPost对象。
- HttpGet httpRequst = new HttpGet(uriAPI);
- // new DefaultHttpClient().execute(HttpUriRequst requst);
- try {
- //使用DefaultHttpClient类的execute方法发送HTTP GET请求,并返回HttpResponse对象。
- HttpResponse httpResponse = new DefaultHttpClient().execute(httpRequst);//其中HttpGet是HttpUriRequst的子类
- if(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200)
- {
- HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
- result = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity);//取出应答字符串
- // 一般来说都要删除多余的字符
- result.replaceAll("\r", "");//去掉返回结果中的"\r"字符,否则会在结果字符串后面显示一个小方格
- }
- else
- httpRequst.abort();
- } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
- // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- result = e.getMessage().toString();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- result = e.getMessage().toString();
- }
- return result;
- }
public String doGet()
{
String uriAPI = "http://XXXXX?str=I+am+get+String";
String result= "";
// HttpGet httpRequst = new HttpGet(URI uri);
// HttpGet httpRequst = new HttpGet(String uri);
// 创建HttpGet或HttpPost对象,将要请求的URL通过构造方法传入HttpGet或HttpPost对象。
HttpGet httpRequst = new HttpGet(uriAPI);
// new DefaultHttpClient().execute(HttpUriRequst requst);
try {
//使用DefaultHttpClient类的execute方法发送HTTP GET请求,并返回HttpResponse对象。
HttpResponse httpResponse = new DefaultHttpClient().execute(httpRequst);//其中HttpGet是HttpUriRequst的子类
if(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200)
{
HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
result = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity);//取出应答字符串
// 一般来说都要删除多余的字符
result.replaceAll("\r", "");//去掉返回结果中的"\r"字符,否则会在结果字符串后面显示一个小方格
}
else
httpRequst.abort();
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
result = e.getMessage().toString();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
result = e.getMessage().toString();
}
return result;
}
HttpPost
如果使用HttpPost方法提交HTTP POST请求,则需要使用HttpPost类的setEntity方法设置请求参数。参数则必须用NameValuePair[]数组存储。
- public String doPost()
- {
- String uriAPI = "http://XXXXXX";//Post方式没有参数在这里
- String result = "";
- HttpPost httpRequst = new HttpPost(uriAPI);//创建HttpPost对象
- List <NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
- params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("str", "I am Post String"));
- try {
- httpRequst.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params,HTTP.UTF_8));
- HttpResponse httpResponse = new DefaultHttpClient().execute(httpRequst);
- if(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200)
- {
- HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
- result = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity);//取出应答字符串
- }
- } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
- // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- result = e.getMessage().toString();
- }
- catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
- // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- result = e.getMessage().toString();
- }
- catch (IOException e) {
- // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- result = e.getMessage().toString();
- }
- return result;
- }
public String doPost()
{
String uriAPI = "http://XXXXXX";//Post方式没有参数在这里
String result = "";
HttpPost httpRequst = new HttpPost(uriAPI);//创建HttpPost对象
List <NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("str", "I am Post String"));
try {
httpRequst.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params,HTTP.UTF_8));
HttpResponse httpResponse = new DefaultHttpClient().execute(httpRequst);
if(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200)
{
HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
result = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity);//取出应答字符串
}
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
result = e.getMessage().toString();
}
catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
result = e.getMessage().toString();
}
catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
result = e.getMessage().toString();
}
return result;
}
以发送连接请求时,需要设置链接超时和请求超时等参数,否则会长期停止或者崩溃。
- HttpParams httpParameters = new BasicHttpParams();
- HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(httpParameters, 10*1000);//设置请求超时10秒
- HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(httpParameters, 10*1000); //设置等待数据超时10秒
- HttpConnectionParams.setSocketBufferSize(params, 8192);
- HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient(httpParameters); //此时构造DefaultHttpClient时将参数传入
- 由于是联网,在AndroidManifest.xml中添加网络连接的权限
- <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
HttpParams httpParameters = new BasicHttpParams();
HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(httpParameters, 10*1000);//设置请求超时10秒
HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(httpParameters, 10*1000); //设置等待数据超时10秒
HttpConnectionParams.setSocketBufferSize(params, 8192);
HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient(httpParameters); //此时构造DefaultHttpClient时将参数传入
由于是联网,在AndroidManifest.xml中添加网络连接的权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>