Web开发:基础Web开发的支持

1. 构建项目：

2.添加依赖

        <!-- SpringBoot热部署支持(开发阶段使用)-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <!--添加jst1标签库依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--添加jsp引擎依赖,Spring Boot内置tomcat没有这个依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
            <artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--Web开发依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.18</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
 
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-j</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

3.Model 准备

public interface UserService {
    User login(String usrName, String usrPassword);
    int addUser(User user);
    int deleteUser(Long usrId);
    int updateUser(User user);
    User getUser(Long usrId);
    List<User> findAllUsers();
}

4.创建控制器

   @RequestMapping(value = "/getUser",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public User getUser(Long usrId){
        User user = userService.getUser(usrId);
       return user;
    }

5.测试方法

@Resource
    private WebApplicationContext wac; // 注入 web 环境
 
    private MockMvc mockMvc; // 注入 MockMvc
 
    @Before
    public void setup() {
        this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build(); // 初始化 MockMvc
    }
    //根据Id查询
    @Test
    public void testGetUser() throws Exception {
        String mvcResult = mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/user/2")) // 测试地址
                .andReturn().getResponse().getContentAsString(); // 返回响应主体内容
        System.out.println("Result==" + mvcResult);
    }
    //新增(post请求)
    @Test
    public void testAddUser() throws Exception {
        //构造请求参数
        final MultiValueMap<String , String> params = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
        params.add("usrName","SB");
        params.add("usrPassword","123456");
        params.add("usrRoleId","2");
        params.add("usrFlag","1");
        mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/user").params(params))
                .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())
                .andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print());//打印响应结果
    }

 

热部署配置：在修改代码后，无需手动重启整个应用程序即可看到修改后的效果。例如，在 Java Web 开发中，对一个 Servlet 类进行了方法的修改，如果开启了热部署，无需重新启动 Tomcat 服务器，节省了从停止到重新启动服务器的等待时间，让开发者可以更快速地进行代码调试和验证。

添加热部署的依赖

        <!-- 配置热部署 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

在 application.xml或application.properties文件配置热部署配置

 

总结：

大量减少了传统 Spring 项目中繁琐的 XML 配置文件。例如，在 application.properties 或 application.yml 文件中，仅需简单几行配置就能完成如数据库连接、端口号修改等常见设置，如server.port = 8081可轻松更改应用的启动端口。

通过 Spring Initializr 可以轻松创建基于 Spring Boot 的 Web 项目，可根据需求选择 Web、Thymeleaf、JPA 等相关依赖，极大地简化了项目搭建的初始步骤。