减少if语句

原文http://geek.csdn.net/news/detail/81154

if语句的缺点：出现if语句的代码会越改越糟，变得越来越难维护。
1.函数参数中有bool变量
实际上是将两个不同的功能绑定到了一个函数中，解决方法是用两个函数代替一个函数。

1）
void foo(int arg0, bool flag)
{
    if(flag)
    {
        do something;
    }
    else
    {
        do other thing;
    }
}

2)
void foo(int arg0)
{
    do something;
}

void goo(int arg0)
{
    do other thing;
}

2.swicth case语句

增加新的类型就要增加一个case，可以用多态来实现。

1)

#include <stdio.h>

enum TYPE
{
    CAT,
    DOG,
};


struct Animal
{
    enum TYPE type;

    void (*yell)(struct Animal *);// 叫
};


void yell(struct Animal *a)
{
    if(a == NULL) return;


    switch(a->type)
    {
    case CAT:
        printf("miao wu ~~\n");
        break;
    case DOG:
        printf("wang wang~~\n");
        break;
    default:
        printf("~~~~~~\n");
    break;
    }
}


int main()
{
    struct Animal dog = {DOG, &yell};
    dog.yell(&dog);
    struct Animal cat = {CAT, &yell};
    cat.yell(&cat);
}

2)

#include <stdio.h>

struct Animal
{

    void (*yell)(struct Animal *);// 抽象接口叫
};

struct Cat
{
    struct Animal a;//继承父类
};

void catYell(struct Animal *a)
{
    struct Cat *c = (struct Cat *)a;
    printf("miao wu ~ ~\n");
}

struct Dog
{
    struct Animal a;//继承父类
};

void dogYell(struct Animal *a)
{
    struct Dog *d = (struct Dog *)a;
    printf("wang wang ~ ~\n");
}

int main()
{
    struct Dog dog = {0};
    dog.a.yell = dogYell;
    struct Cat cat = {0};
    cat.a.yell = catYell;
    
    struct Animal *pa = NULL;
    pa = (struct Animal *)&dog;
    pa->yell(pa);
    pa = (struct Animal *)&cat;
    pa->yell(pa);
}

3）

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

#define offsetOf(CLASS, MEMBER) ((size_t)&(((CLASS *)0)->MEMBER))

#define containerOf(ptr, CLASS, MEMBER) \
({ \
    const typeof(((CLASS *)0)->MEMBER) *__mptr = (ptr); \
    (CLASS *)((char *)__mptr - offsetOf(CLASS, MEMBER)); \
})

struct Animal
{
    void (*yell)(struct Animal *);// 抽象接口叫
};

struct Cat
{
    char color[10];
    struct Animal a;//继承父类
};

void catYell(struct Animal *a)
{
    struct Cat *c = containerOf(a, struct Cat, a);
    printf("miao wu , i am a %s cat\n", c->color);
}

struct Dog
{
    int speed;
    struct Animal a;//继承父类
};

void dogYell(struct Animal *a)
{
    struct Dog *d = containerOf(a, struct Dog, a);
    printf("wang wang , i can run at the speed of %d km/h~ ~\n", d->speed);
}

int main()
{
    struct Dog dog = {0};
    dog.speed = 100;
    dog.a.yell = dogYell;
    struct Cat cat = {0};
    strncpy(cat.color, "red", sizeof(cat.color));
    cat.a.yell = catYell;
    
    struct Animal *pa[2];
    pa[0] = &dog.a;
    pa[1] = &cat.a;
    int i = 0;
    for(i = 0; i < 2; i++)
    {
	pa[i]->yell(pa[i]);//多态
    }
}

3.if语句树

使用逻辑表达式代替

1)
if(a)
{
    if(b)
    {
    }
}

2)
if(a && b)
{
}