name="google_ads_frame" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/ads?client=ca-pub-5572165936844014&dt=1194442938015&lmt=1194190197&format=336x280_as&output=html&correlator=1194442937843&url=file%3A%2F%2F%2FC%3A%2FDocuments%2520and%2520Settings%2Flhh1%2F%E6%A1%8C%E9%9D%A2%2FCLanguage.htm&color_bg=FFFFFF&color_text=000000&color_link=000000&color_url=FFFFFF&color_border=FFFFFF&ad_type=text&ga_vid=583001034.1194442938&ga_sid=1194442938&ga_hid=1942779085&flash=9&u_h=768&u_w=1024&u_ah=740&u_aw=1024&u_cd=32&u_tz=480&u_java=true" frameborder="0" width="336" scrolling="no" height="280" allowtransparency="allowtransparency"> #include <iostream.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <stdio.h>
class Strings {
char *p;
int size;
public:
Strings(char *str);
Strings(void);
Strings(const Strings &obj); // Copy constructor
~Strings(void) {delete [] p;}
friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &stream, Strings &obj);
friend istream &operator>>(istream &stream, Strings &obj);
Strings operator=(Strings &obj); // assign a Strings object
Strings operator=(char *s); // assign a quoted string
Strings operator+(Strings &obj); // concatenate a Strings object
Strings operator+(char *s); // concatenate a quoted string
friend Strings operator+(char *s, Strings &obj);
/* concatenates a quoted string with a Strings object */
Strings operator-(Strings &obj); // subtract a Strings object
Strings operator-(char *s); // subtract a quoted string
/* relational operators between Strings objects. Note that the operators could
just as easily return bool, rather than int */
int operator==(Strings &obj) {return !strcmp(p, obj.p);}
int operator!=(Strings &obj) {return strcmp(p, obj.p);}
int operator<(Strings &obj) {return strcmp(p, obj.p) < 0;}
int operator>(Strings &obj) {return strcmp(p, obj.p) > 0;}
int operator<=(Strings &obj) {return strcmp(p, obj.p) <= 0;}
int operator>=(Strings &obj) {return strcmp(p, obj.p) >= 0;}
/* relational operators between Strings object and a quoted character string.
Note that the operators could just as easily return bool, rather than int */
int operator==(char *s) {return !strcmp(p, s);}
int operator!=(char *s) {return strcmp(p, s);}
int operator<(char *s) {return strcmp(p, s) < 0;}
int operator>(char *s) {return strcmp(p, s) > 0;}
int operator<=(char *s) {return strcmp(p, s) <= 0;}
int operator>=(char *s) {return strcmp(p, s) >= 0;}
int strsize(void) {return strlen(p);} // return string size
void makestr(char *s) {strcpy(s, p);} // make quoted string from Strings object
operator char *(void) {return p;} // conversion to char
};
Strings::Strings(void)
{
size = 1;
p = new char[size];
if(!p)
{
cout << "Allocation error!" << endl;
exit(1);
}
*p = '/0';
}
Strings::Strings(char *str)
{
size = strlen(str) + 1;
p = new char[size];
if(!p)
{
cout << "Allocation error!" << endl;
exit(1);
}
strcpy(p, str);
}
Strings::Strings(const Strings &obj)
{
size = obj.size;
p = new char[size];
if(!p)
{
cout << "Allocation error!" << endl;
exit(1);
}
strcpy(p, obj.p);
}
ostream &operator<<(ostream &stream, Strings &obj)
{
stream << obj.p;
return stream;
}
istream &operator>>(istream &stream, Strings &obj)
{
char t[255]; // arbitrary string length--yours can be larger
int len;
for(len=0; len<255; len++)
{
stream.get(t[len]);
if(t[len]=='/n')
break;
if(t[len]=='/b')
if(len)
{
len--;
cout << "'/b'";
}
}
t[len]='/0';
len++;
if(len>obj.size)
{
delete obj.p;
obj.p = new char[len];
if(!obj.p)
{
cout << "Allocation error!" << endl;
exit(1);
}
obj.size = len;
}
strcpy(obj.p, t);
return stream;
}
Strings Strings::operator=(Strings &obj)
{
Strings temp(obj.p);
if(obj.size > size)
{
delete p;
p = new char[obj.size];
size = obj.size;
if(!p)
{
cout << "Allocation error!" << endl;
exit(1);
}
}
strcpy(p, obj.p);
strcpy(temp.p, obj.p);
return temp;
}
Strings Strings::operator=(char *s)
{
int len = strlen(s) + 1;
if(size < len)
{
delete p;
p = new char[len];
size = len;
if(!p)
{
cout << "Allocation error!" << endl;
exit(1);
}
}
strcpy(p, s);
return *this;
}
Strings Strings::operator+(Strings &obj)
{
int len;
Strings temp;
delete temp.p;
len = strlen(obj.p) + strlen(p) + 1;
temp.p = new char[len];
temp.size = len;
if(!temp.p)
{
cout << "Allocation error!" << endl;
exit(1);
}
strcpy(temp.p, p);
strcat(temp.p, obj.p);
return temp;
}
Strings Strings::operator+(char *s)
{
int len;
Strings temp;
delete temp.p;
len = strlen(s) + strlen(p) + 1;
temp.p = new char[len];
temp.size = len;
if(!temp.p)
{
cout << "Allocation error!" << endl;
exit(1);
}
strcpy(temp.p, p);
strcat(temp.p, s);
return temp;
}
Strings operator+(char *s, Strings &obj)
{
int len;
Strings temp;
delete temp.p;
len = strlen(s) + strlen(obj.p) + 1;
temp.p = new char[len];
temp.size = len;
if(!temp.p)
{
cout << "Allocation error!" << endl;
exit(1);
}
strcpy(temp.p, s);
strcat(temp.p, obj.p);
return temp;
}
Strings Strings::operator-(Strings &substr)
{
Strings temp(p);
char *s1;
int i,j;
s1 = p;
for(i=0; *s1; i++)
{
if(*s1!=*substr.p)
{
temp.p[i] = *s1;
s1++;
}
else
{
for(j=0; substr.p[j]==s1[j] && substr.p[j]; j++)
;
if(!substr.p[j])
{
s1 += j;
i--;
}
else
{
temp.p[i] = *s1;
s1++;
}
}
}
temp.p[i] = '/0';
return temp;
}
Strings Strings::operator-(char *substr)
{
Strings temp(p);
char *s1;
int i,j;
s1 = p;
for(i=0; *s1; i++)
{
if(*s1!=*substr)
{
temp.p[i] = *s1;
s1++;
}
else
{
for(j=0; substr[j]==s1[j] && substr[j]; j++)
;
if(!substr[j])
{
s1 += j;
i--;
}
else
{
temp.p[i] = *s1;
s1++;
}
}
}
temp.p[i] = '/0';
return temp;
}
void main(void)
{
Strings s1("A sample program which uses string objects./n");
Strings s2(s1);
Strings s3;
char s[80];
cout << s1 << s2;
s3 = s1;
cout << s3;
s3.makestr(s);
cout << "Converted to a string: " << s;
s2 = "This is a new string.";
cout << s2 << endl;
Strings s4("This is a new string, too.");
s1 = s2 + s4;
cout << s1 << endl;
if(s2==s3)
cout << "Strings are equal." << endl;
if(s2!=s3)
cout << "Strings are not equal." << endl;
if(s1<s4)
cout << "s1 is less than s4." << endl;
if(s1>s4)
cout << "s1 is greater than s4." << endl;
if(s1<=s4)
cout << "s1 is less than or equal to s4." << endl;
if(s1>s4)
cout << "s1 is greater than or equal to s4." << endl;
if(s2 > "ABC")
cout << "s2 is greater than 'ABC'" << endl << endl;
s1 = "one two three one two three/n";
s2 = "two";
cout << "Initial string: " << s1;
cout << "String after subtracting two: ";
s3 = s1 - s2;
cout << s3;
cout << endl;
s4 = "Jamsa's C/C++ ";
s3 = s4 + "Programmer's Bible/n";
cout << s3;
s3 = s3 - "C/C++";
s3 = "This is " + s3;
cout << s3;
cout << "Enter a string: ";
cin >> s1;
cout << s1 << endl;
cout << "s1 is " << s1.strsize() << " characters long." << endl;
puts(s1);
s1 = s2 = s3;
cout << s1 << s2 << s3;
s1 = s2 = s3 = "Program finished./n";
cout << s1 << s2 << s3;
}