本文翻译自：How do you use NSAttributedString?
Multiple colours in an NSString or NSMutableStrings are not possible. NSString或NSMutableStrings中的多种颜色是不可能的。 So I've heard a little about the NSAttributedString which was introduced with the iPad SDK 3.2 (or around 3.2) and is available on the iPhone as of iPhone SDK 4.0 beta . 所以我听说过一些关于NSAttributedString ，它是随着iPad SDK 3.2 （或大约3.2）引入的，并且可以在iPhone SDK 4.0 beta版本的iPhone上使用 。
I would like to have a string that has three colours. 我想要一个有三种颜色的字符串。
The reason I don't use 3 separate NSStrings, is because the length of each of the three NSAttributedString substrings changes often and so I would prefer, not to use any calculations to re-position 3 separate NSString objects. 我不使用3个单独的NSStrings的原因是因为三个NSAttributedString子串中的每一个的长度经常变化，所以我更喜欢，不使用任何计算来重新定位3个单独的NSString对象。
If it's possible using NSAttributedString how do I make the following - (if not possible with NSAttributed string how would you do it): 如果可以使用NSAttributedString ，我如何进行以下操作 - （如果NSAttributed字符串不可能，你会怎么做）：
Edit: Remember, @"first" , @"second" and @"third" will be replaced by other strings at any time. 编辑：请记住， @"first" ， @"second"和@"third"将随时被其他字符串替换。 So using hardcoded NSRange values won't work. 因此，使用硬编码的NSRange值将不起作用。
#1楼
参考：https://stackoom.com/question/Ebus/你如何使用NSAttributedString
#2楼
The question is already answered... but I wanted to show how to add shadow and change the font with NSAttributedString as well, so that when people search for this topic they won't have to keep looking. 这个问题已经回答了......但我想展示如何添加阴影并使用NSAttributedString更改字体，这样当人们搜索这个主题时，他们就不必继续寻找。
#define FONT_SIZE 20
#define FONT_HELVETICA @"Helvetica-Light"
#define BLACK_SHADOW [UIColor colorWithRed:40.0f/255.0f green:40.0f/255.0f blue:40.0f/255.0f alpha:0.4f]
NSString*myNSString = @"This is my string.\nIt goes to a second line.";
NSMutableParagraphStyle *paragraphStyle = [[NSMutableParagraphStyle alloc] init];
paragraphStyle.alignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter;
paragraphStyle.lineSpacing = FONT_SIZE/2;
UIFont * labelFont = [UIFont fontWithName:FONT_HELVETICA size:FONT_SIZE];
UIColor * labelColor = [UIColor colorWithWhite:1 alpha:1];
NSShadow *shadow = [[NSShadow alloc] init];
[shadow setShadowColor : BLACK_SHADOW];
[shadow setShadowOffset : CGSizeMake (1.0, 1.0)];
[shadow setShadowBlurRadius : 1];
NSAttributedString *labelText = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString : myNSString
attributes : @{
NSParagraphStyleAttributeName : paragraphStyle,
NSKernAttributeName : @2.0,
NSFontAttributeName : labelFont,
NSForegroundColorAttributeName : labelColor,
NSShadowAttributeName : shadow }];
Here is a Swift version... 这是一个Swift版本......
Warning! 警告！ This works for 4s. 这适用于4s。
For 5s you have to change all of the the Float values to Double values (because the compiler isn't working correctly yet) 对于5s，您必须将所有Float值更改为Double值（因为编译器尚未正常工作）
Swift enum for font choice: 用于字体选择的Swift枚举：
enum FontValue: Int {
case FVBold = 1 , FVCondensedBlack, FVMedium, FVHelveticaNeue, FVLight, FVCondensedBold, FVLightItalic, FVUltraLightItalic, FVUltraLight, FVBoldItalic, FVItalic
}
Swift array for enum access (needed because enum can't use '-'): 用于枚举访问的Swift数组（因为枚举不能使用' - '而需要）：
func helveticaFont (index:Int) -> (String) {
let fontArray = [
"HelveticaNeue-Bold",
"HelveticaNeue-CondensedBlack",
"HelveticaNeue-Medium",
"HelveticaNeue",
"HelveticaNeue-Light",
"HelveticaNeue-CondensedBold",
"HelveticaNeue-LightItalic",
"HelveticaNeue-UltraLightItalic",
"HelveticaNeue-UltraLight",
"HelveticaNeue-BoldItalic",
"HelveticaNeue-Italic",
]
return fontArray[index]
}
Swift attributed text function: Swift归因于文本功能：
func myAttributedText (myString:String, mySize: Float, myFont:FontValue) -> (NSMutableAttributedString) {
let shadow = NSShadow()
shadow.shadowColor = UIColor.textShadowColor()
shadow.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake (1.0, 1.0)
shadow.shadowBlurRadius = 1
let paragraphStyle = NSMutableParagraphStyle.alloc()
paragraphStyle.lineHeightMultiple = 1
paragraphStyle.lineBreakMode = NSLineBreakMode.ByWordWrapping
paragraphStyle.alignment = NSTextAlignment.Center
let labelFont = UIFont(name: helveticaFont(myFont.toRaw()), size: mySize)
let labelColor = UIColor.whiteColor()
let myAttributes :Dictionary = [NSParagraphStyleAttributeName : paragraphStyle,
NSKernAttributeName : 3, // (-1,5)
NSFontAttributeName : labelFont,
NSForegroundColorAttributeName : labelColor,
NSShadowAttributeName : shadow]
let myAttributedString = NSMutableAttributedString (string: myString, attributes:myAttributes)
// add new color
let secondColor = UIColor.blackColor()
let stringArray = myString.componentsSeparatedByString(" ")
let firstString: String? = stringArray.first
let letterCount = countElements(firstString!)
if firstString {
myAttributedString.addAttributes([NSForegroundColorAttributeName:secondColor], range:NSMakeRange(0,letterCount))
}
return myAttributedString
}
first and last extension used for finding ranges in a string array: 用于查找字符串数组中范围的第一个和最后一个扩展名：
extension Array {
var last: T? {
if self.isEmpty {
NSLog("array crash error - please fix")
return self [0]
} else {
return self[self.endIndex - 1]
}
}
}
extension Array {
var first: T? {
if self.isEmpty {
NSLog("array crash error - please fix")
return self [0]
} else {
return self [0]
}
}
}
new colors: 新颜色：
extension UIColor {
class func shadowColor() -> UIColor {
return UIColor(red: 0.0/255.0, green: 0.0/255.0, blue: 0.0/255.0, alpha: 0.3)
}
class func textShadowColor() -> UIColor {
return UIColor(red: 50.0/255.0, green: 50.0/255.0, blue: 50.0/255.0, alpha: 0.5)
}
class func pastelBlueColor() -> UIColor {
return UIColor(red: 176.0/255.0, green: 186.0/255.0, blue: 255.0/255.0, alpha: 1)
}
class func pastelYellowColor() -> UIColor {
return UIColor(red: 255.0/255.0, green: 238.0/255.0, blue: 140.0/255.0, alpha: 1)
}
}
my macro replacement: 我的宏替换：
enum MyConstants: Float {
case CornerRadius = 5.0
}
my button maker w/attributed text: 我的按钮制造商w /归因文字：
func myButtonMaker (myView:UIView) -> UIButton {
let myButton = UIButton.buttonWithType(.System) as UIButton
myButton.backgroundColor = UIColor.pastelBlueColor()
myButton.showsTouchWhenHighlighted = true;
let myCGSize:CGSize = CGSizeMake(100.0, 50.0)
let myFrame = CGRectMake(myView.frame.midX - myCGSize.height,myView.frame.midY - 2 * myCGSize.height,myCGSize.width,myCGSize.height)
myButton.frame = myFrame
let myTitle = myAttributedText("Button",20.0,FontValue.FVLight)
myButton.setAttributedTitle(myTitle, forState:.Normal)
myButton.layer.cornerRadius = myButton.bounds.size.width / MyConstants.CornerRadius.toRaw()
myButton.setTitleColor(UIColor.whiteColor(), forState: .Normal)
myButton.tag = 100
myButton.bringSubviewToFront(myView)
myButton.layerGradient()
myView.addSubview(myButton)
return myButton
}
my UIView/UILabel maker w/attributed text, shadow, and round corners: 我的UIView / UILabel制造商w /归因于文字，阴影和圆角：
func myLabelMaker (myView:UIView) -> UIView {
let myFrame = CGRectMake(myView.frame.midX / 2 , myView.frame.midY / 2, myView.frame.width/2, myView.frame.height/2)
let mylabelFrame = CGRectMake(0, 0, myView.frame.width/2, myView.frame.height/2)
let myBaseView = UIView()
myBaseView.frame = myFrame
myBaseView.backgroundColor = UIColor.clearColor()
let myLabel = UILabel()
myLabel.backgroundColor=UIColor.pastelYellowColor()
myLabel.frame = mylabelFrame
myLabel.attributedText = myAttributedText("This is my String",20.0,FontValue.FVLight)
myLabel.numberOfLines = 5
myLabel.tag = 100
myLabel.layer.cornerRadius = myLabel.bounds.size.width / MyConstants.CornerRadius.toRaw()
myLabel.clipsToBounds = true
myLabel.layerborders()
myBaseView.addSubview(myLabel)
myBaseView.layerShadow()
myBaseView.layerGradient()
myView.addSubview(myBaseView)
return myLabel
}
generic shadow add: 通用阴影添加：
func viewshadow<T where T: UIView> (shadowObject: T)
{
let layer = shadowObject.layer
let radius = shadowObject.frame.size.width / MyConstants.CornerRadius.toRaw();
layer.borderColor = UIColor.whiteColor().CGColor
layer.borderWidth = 0.8
layer.cornerRadius = radius
layer.shadowOpacity = 1
layer.shadowRadius = 3
layer.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(2.0,2.0)
layer.shadowColor = UIColor.shadowColor().CGColor
}
view extension for view style: 查看视图样式的扩展名：
extension UIView {
func layerborders() {
let layer = self.layer
let frame = self.frame
let myColor = self.backgroundColor
layer.borderColor = myColor.CGColor
layer.borderWidth = 10.8
layer.cornerRadius = layer.borderWidth / MyConstants.CornerRadius.toRaw()
}
func layerShadow() {
let layer = self.layer
let frame = self.frame
layer.cornerRadius = layer.borderWidth / MyConstants.CornerRadius.toRaw()
layer.shadowOpacity = 1
layer.shadowRadius = 3
layer.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(2.0,2.0)
layer.shadowColor = UIColor.shadowColor().CGColor
}
func layerGradient() {
let layer = CAGradientLayer()
let size = self.frame.size
layer.frame.size = size
layer.frame.origin = CGPointMake(0.0,0.0)
layer.cornerRadius = layer.bounds.size.width / MyConstants.CornerRadius.toRaw();
var color0 = CGColorCreateGenericRGB(250.0/255, 250.0/255, 250.0/255, 0.5)
var color1 = CGColorCreateGenericRGB(200.0/255, 200.0/255, 200.0/255, 0.1)
var color2 = CGColorCreateGenericRGB(150.0/255, 150.0/255, 150.0/255, 0.1)
var color3 = CGColorCreateGenericRGB(100.0/255, 100.0/255, 100.0/255, 0.1)
var color4 = CGColorCreateGenericRGB(50.0/255, 50.0/255, 50.0/255, 0.1)
var color5 = CGColorCreateGenericRGB(0.0/255, 0.0/255, 0.0/255, 0.1)
var color6 = CGColorCreateGenericRGB(150.0/255, 150.0/255, 150.0/255, 0.1)
layer.colors = [color0,color1,color2,color3,color4,color5,color6]
self.layer.insertSublayer(layer, atIndex: 2)
}
}
the actual view did load function: 实际视图加载功能：
func buttonPress (sender:UIButton!) {
NSLog("%@", "ButtonPressed")
}
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
let myLabel = myLabelMaker(myView)
let myButton = myButtonMaker(myView)
myButton.addTarget(self, action: "buttonPress:", forControlEvents:UIControlEvents.TouchUpInside)
viewshadow(myButton)
viewshadow(myLabel)
}
#3楼
I think, it is a very convenient way to use regular expressions to find a range for applying attributes. 我认为，使用regular expressions来查找应用属性的范围是一种非常方便的方法。 This is how I did it: 我就是这样做的：
NSMutableAttributedString *goodText = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:articleText];
NSRange range = [articleText rangeOfString:@"\\[.+?\\]" options:NSRegularExpressionSearch|NSCaseInsensitiveSearch];
if (range.location != NSNotFound) {
[goodText addAttribute:NSFontAttributeName value:[UIFont fontWithName:@"Georgia" size:16] range:range];
[goodText addAttribute:NSForegroundColorAttributeName value:[UIColor brownColor] range:range];
}
NSString *regEx = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@.+?\\s", [self.article.titleText substringToIndex:0]];
range = [articleText rangeOfString:regEx options:NSRegularExpressionSearch|NSCaseInsensitiveSearch];
if (range.location != NSNotFound) {
[goodText addAttribute:NSFontAttributeName value:[UIFont fontWithName:@"Georgia-Bold" size:20] range:range];
[goodText addAttribute:NSForegroundColorAttributeName value:[UIColor blueColor] range:range];
}
[self.textView setAttributedText:goodText];
I was searching for a list of available attributes and didn't find them here and in a class reference's first page. 我正在搜索可用属性的列表，但在这里和类引用的第一页中找不到它们。 So I decided to post here information on that. 所以我决定在这里发布相关信息。
Attributed strings support the following standard attributes for text. 归属字符串支持文本的以下标准属性。 If the key is not in the dictionary, then use the default values described below. 如果密钥不在字典中，则使用下面描述的默认值。
NSString *NSFontAttributeName;
NSString *NSParagraphStyleAttributeName;
NSString *NSForegroundColorAttributeName;
NSString *NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName;
NSString *NSSuperscriptAttributeName;
NSString *NSBackgroundColorAttributeName;
NSString *NSAttachmentAttributeName;
NSString *NSLigatureAttributeName;
NSString *NSBaselineOffsetAttributeName;
NSString *NSKernAttributeName;
NSString *NSLinkAttributeName;
NSString *NSStrokeWidthAttributeName;
NSString *NSStrokeColorAttributeName;
NSString *NSUnderlineColorAttributeName;
NSString *NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName;
NSString *NSStrikethroughColorAttributeName;
NSString *NSShadowAttributeName;
NSString *NSObliquenessAttributeName;
NSString *NSExpansionAttributeName;
NSString *NSCursorAttributeName;
NSString *NSToolTipAttributeName;
NSString *NSMarkedClauseSegmentAttributeName;
NSString *NSWritingDirectionAttributeName;
NSString *NSVerticalGlyphFormAttributeName;
NSString *NSTextAlternativesAttributeName;
NSAttributedString programming guide NSAttributedString编程指南
A full class reference is here . 这里有完整的参考资料。
#4楼
I wrote helper to add attributes easily: 我写了帮助器来轻松添加属性：
- (void)addColor:(UIColor *)color substring:(NSString *)substring;
- (void)addBackgroundColor:(UIColor *)color substring:(NSString *)substring;
- (void)addUnderlineForSubstring:(NSString *)substring;
- (void)addStrikeThrough:(int)thickness substring:(NSString *)substring;
- (void)addShadowColor:(UIColor *)color width:(int)width height:(int)height radius:(int)radius substring:(NSString *)substring;
- (void)addFontWithName:(NSString *)fontName size:(int)fontSize substring:(NSString *)substring;
- (void)addAlignment:(NSTextAlignment)alignment substring:(NSString *)substring;
- (void)addColorToRussianText:(UIColor *)color;
- (void)addStrokeColor:(UIColor *)color thickness:(int)thickness substring:(NSString *)substring;
- (void)addVerticalGlyph:(BOOL)glyph substring:(NSString *)substring;
https://github.com/shmidt/MASAttributes https://github.com/shmidt/MASAttributes
You can install through CocoaPods also : pod 'MASAttributes', '~> 1.0.0' 你也可以通过CocoaPods安装： pod 'MASAttributes', '~> 1.0.0'
#5楼
I always found working with attributed strings to be an incredibly long winded and tedious process. 我总是发现使用归因字符串是一个令人难以置信的漫长而乏味的过程。
So I made a Mac App that creates all the code for you. 所以我制作了一个Mac应用程序，为您创建所有代码。
https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/attributed-string-creator/id730928349?mt=12 https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/attributed-string-creator/id730928349?mt=12
#6楼
Since iOS 7 you can use NSAttributedString with HTML syntax: 从iOS 7开始，您可以将NSAttributedString与HTML语法结合使用：
NSURL *htmlString = [[NSBundle mainBundle] URLForResource: @"string" withExtension:@"html"];
NSAttributedString *stringWithHTMLAttributes = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithFileURL:htmlString
options:@{NSDocumentTypeDocumentAttribute:NSHTMLTextDocumentType}
documentAttributes:nil
error:nil];
textView.attributedText = stringWithHTMLAttributes;// you can use a label also
You have to add the file "string.html" to you project, and the content of the html can be like this: 您必须将文件“string.html”添加到您的项目中，并且html的内容可以是这样的：
<html>
<head>
<style type="text/css">
body {
font-size: 15px;
font-family: Avenir, Arial, sans-serif;
}
.red {
color: red;
}
.green {
color: green;
}
.blue {
color: blue;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<span class="red">first</span><span class="green">second</span><span class="blue">third</span>
</body>
</html>
Now, you can use NSAttributedString as you want, even without HTML file, like for example: 现在，您可以根据需要使用NSAttributedString ，即使没有HTML文件，例如：
//At the top of your .m file
#define RED_OCCURENCE -red_occurence-
#define GREEN_OCCURENCE -green_occurence-
#define BLUE_OCCURENCE -blue_occurence-
#define HTML_TEMPLATE @"<span style=\"color:red\">-red_occurence-</span><span style=\"color:green\">-green_occurence-</span><span style=\"color:blue\">-blue_occurence-</span></body></html>"
//Where you need to use your attributed string
NSString *string = [HTML_TEMPLATE stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:RED_OCCURENCE withString:@"first"] ;
string = [string stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:GREEN_OCCURENCE withString:@"second"];
string = [string stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:BLUE_OCCURENCE withString:@"third"];
NSData* cData = [string dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSAttributedString *stringWithHTMLAttributes = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithData:cData
options:@{NSDocumentTypeDocumentAttribute:NSHTMLTextDocumentType}
documentAttributes:nil
error:nil];
textView.attributedText = stringWithHTMLAttributes;
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