ICMP报文检验和

校验和的计算方法是：

将数据以字（16位）为单位累加到一个双字中，如果数据长度为奇数，最后一个字节将被扩展到字，累加的结果是一个双字，最后将这个双字的高16位和低16位相加后取反，便得到了校验和！

#include <stdio.h>

unsigned short checksum(unsigned char *ucharArr,int size)
{
    int iushortLen = (size / 2) + ((size%2)?1:0); 

    unsigned short *ushortArr = new unsigned short[iushortLen];
    int i;
    for(i = 0;i < iushortLen - 1;i++)
    {
         ushortArr[i] = (ucharArr[i*2]<<8)|(ucharArr[i*2 + 1]);
    }
    if((iushortLen%2)?1:0)
    {
         ushortArr[i] = (ucharArr[i*2]<<8)|(0x00);
    }
    else
    {
        ushortArr[i] = (ucharArr[i*2]<<8)|(ucharArr[i*2 + 1]);
    }

    unsigned long cksum=0;
    for(int i = 0;i < iushortLen;i++)
   {
       cksum += ushortArr[i];
   }

   //将cksum的高16位和低16位相加，取反后得到校验和
   cksum=(cksum>>16)+(cksum&0xffff);
   cksum+=(cksum>>16);
   return (unsigned short)(~cksum);
}

void main()
{
  unsigned char ucharArr[]={
  0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x14,0x82,0x61,0x62,
  0x63,0x64,0x65,0x66,0x67,0x68,0x69,0x6a,0x6b,0x6c,
  0x6d,0x6e,0x6f,0x70,0x71,0x72,0x73,0x74,0x75,0x76,
  0x77,0x61,0x62,0x63,0x64,0x65,0x66,0x67,0x68,0x69
 };
 int iucharLen = sizeof(ucharArr)/sizeof(unsigned char);

 unsigned short checkSum = checksum(ucharArr,iucharLen);
}