计算机专业英语教程第2版第10期:搜索工具-CSDN博客

Search Engines：

Search engines are specialized programs that assist you in locating information on the Web and the Internet. To find information, you go to the search service's Web site and use their search engine. Yahoo’s search engine, like most others, provides two different search approaches.

搜索引擎：

搜索引擎是专用的程序，帮助用户定位Web和Internet上的信息。你可以进入提供搜索服务的Web站点使用其搜索引擎来查找信息。例如Yahoo的搜索引擎，其他大多数网站一样，提供两种不同的搜索方式。

Keyword Search：

In a keyword search, you enter a keyword or phrase reflecting the information you want. The search engine compares your entry against its database and returns a list of hits or sites that contain the keywords. Each hit includes a hyperlink to the referenced Web page (or other resource) along with a brief discussion of the information contained at that location. Many searches result in a large number of hits. For example, if you were to enter the keyword travel, you would get over a thousand hits. Search engines order the hits according to those sites that most likely contain the information requested and present the list to you in that order, usually in groups of ten.

关键词搜索引擎：

在关键词搜索引擎当中，输入可以反映所查信息的一个关键字或关键词，搜索引擎通过和数据库中的信息进行比较返回与其匹配的热点链接或者站点。每个热点包含一个带有简要介绍的链接Web页或其他资源。许多搜索都会返回大量的热点链接。例如，如果输入关键字“旅游”，你会得到一千多个结果。搜索引擎根据与需求信息最匹配的内容进行排序，并且按照这个顺序将相关信息列出来，每组10个。

Directory Search：

Most search engines also provide a directory or list of categories or topics such as Arts &Humanities, Business & Economics, Computers & Internet. In a directory search, also known as index search. You select a category that fits the information that you want. Another list of subtopics relates to the topic you selected appears. You select the subtopic that best relates to your topic and another subtopic list appears. You continue to narrow your search in this manner until a list of Web sites appears. This list corresponds to the hit list previously discussed.

As a general rule, if you are searching for general information, use the directory search approach. For example, to find general information about music, use a directory search beginning with the category Arts &Humanities. If you are searching for specific information, use the key word approach. For example, if you were looking for a specific MP3 file, use a key word search entering the album title and/or the artist’s name in the text selection box.

A recent study by the NEC Research Institute found that any one search engine includes only a fraction of the informational sources on the Web. Therefore, it is highly recommended that you use more than one search engine when researching important topics. Or, you could use a special type of search engine called a metasearch engine.

目录式搜索引擎：

大多数搜索引擎也提供诸如人文艺术、商业经济和计算机Internet的目录的分类主题列表。在目录式搜索引擎（也称之为索引式搜索）中，选择了一个与你想要的信息相匹配的类别，与之相关的子类别列表会显示。用户可以继续以这种方式细小搜索范围直到列出一系列站点，这种目录式分类列表是预先设计好的。通常来说，如果你搜索一般的信息，使用目录式搜索引擎。例如，查询关于音乐的信息，以目录式搜索引擎的人文艺术类开始。如果搜索专用的信息，使用关键词搜索引擎。例如，查询一个专用的MP3文件，在文本选择框中输入专辑名称或艺术家姓名进行关键词搜索。
最近一项由NEC研究机构的调查表明，任何一个搜索引擎都仅包含Web信息资源的一部分。因此，当你检索一个重要的主题时，极力推荐使用多个搜索引擎。

Metasearch Engines：

One way to research a topic is to visit the Web site for several individual search engines. At each site, enter the search instructions, wait for the hits to appear, review the list, and visit selected sites. This process can be quite time-consuming and duplicate responses from different search engines are inevitable. Metasearch engines offer an alternative.

Metasearch engines are programs that automatically submit your search request to several search engines simultaneously. The metasearch engine receives the results, eliminates duplicates, orders the hits, and then provides the edited list to you. There are several metasearch sites available on the Web. One of the best known is Metacrawler.

元搜索引擎：

有一种搜寻某一主题的方法是访问包含多个独立的搜索引擎Web站点。在每个站点输入搜索指令，等待反馈的热点链接信息，这样会占用很多时间，并且不同的搜索引擎返回重复的信息也是不可避免的。Metasearch搜索引擎是一个自动同时提交搜索信息给多个搜索引擎的程序，可以接收搜索结果，去除多余部分并且将热点链接排序，最后将编辑好的结果提交给用户。在Web上有多个Metasearch站点，其中最著名的一个是 Metacrawler。

Specialized Search Englines：

Specialized search engines focus on subject-specific Web sites. Specialized sites can potentially save you time by narrowing your search. For example, let's say you are researching a paper about the fashion industry. You could begin with a general search engine like Yahoo! Or, you could go to a search engine that specialized specifically in fashion.

专用搜索引擎：

专用搜索引擎重点查询专用主题的Web站点，通过缩小搜索范围来自动节省用户时间。例如，你正研究一篇关于时装工业的论文可以进入到关于时装的专用搜索引擎。