内存分配管理（一）

看jrtplib源码时，对其中的内存管理不理解，遂向高手请教，把所得记于此：

主要的两个类：

class RTPMemoryManager
{
public:	
	RTPMemoryManager()									{ }
	virtual ~RTPMemoryManager()								{ }
	virtual void *AllocateBuffer(size_t numbytes, int memtype) = 0;
	virtual void FreeBuffer(void *buffer) = 0;
};

class RTPMemoryObject
{
protected:	
#ifdef RTP_SUPPORT_MEMORYMANAGEMENT
	RTPMemoryObject(RTPMemoryManager *memmgr) : mgr(memmgr)					{ }
#else
	RTPMemoryObject(RTPMemoryManager *memmgr)						{ }
#endif // RTP_SUPPORT_MEMORYMANAGEMENT
	virtual ~RTPMemoryObject()								{ }

#ifdef RTP_SUPPORT_MEMORYMANAGEMENT	
	RTPMemoryManager *GetMemoryManager() const						{ return mgr; }
	void SetMemoryManager(RTPMemoryManager *m)						{ mgr = m; }
#else
	RTPMemoryManager *GetMemoryManager() const						{ return 0; }
	void SetMemoryManager(RTPMemoryManager *m)						{ }
#endif // RTP_SUPPORT_MEMORYMANAGEMENT
	
#ifdef RTP_SUPPORT_MEMORYMANAGEMENT
private:
	RTPMemoryManager *mgr;
#endif // RTP_SUPPORT_MEMORYMANAGEMENT
};

据说下面这个类RTPMemoryObkect的作用是为了把具体工作的类与RTPMemoryManager分离（设计模式->适配器模式）

首先，它有自己的new：

inline void *operator new[](size_t numbytes, RTPMemoryManager *mgr, int memtype)
{
	if (mgr == 0)
		return operator new[](numbytes);
	return mgr->AllocateBuffer(numbytes,memtype);
}

重载 operator new 的参数个数是可以任意的 , 只需要保证第一个参数为 size_t, 返回类型为 void * 即可 , 而且其重载的参数类型也不必包含自定义类型 。

然后这样使用：

#define RTPNew(a,b) 			new(a,b)

uint8_t *localhostname = RTPNew(GetMemoryManager(),RTPMEM_TYPE_OTHER) uint8_t [localhostnamelength+1];

真正的内存分配需要用户来完成，也就是上面的纯虚函数AllocateBuffer，jrtplib中有个example5，给出了示例：

class MyMemoryManager : public RTPMemoryManager
{
public:
	MyMemoryManager() 
	{ 
		mutex.Init();
		alloccount = 0; 
		freecount = 0; 
	}
	~MyMemoryManager() 
	{ 
		std::cout << "alloc: " << alloccount << " free: " << freecount << std::endl; 
	}
	void *AllocateBuffer(size_t numbytes, int memtype)
	{
		mutex.Lock();
		void *buf = malloc(numbytes);
		std::cout << "Allocated " << numbytes << " bytes at location " << buf << " (memtype = " << memtype << ")" << std::endl;
		alloccount++;
		mutex.Unlock();
		return buf;
	}

	void FreeBuffer(void *p)
	{
		mutex.Lock();
		std::cout << "Freeing block " << p << std::endl;
		freecount++;
		free(p);
		mutex.Unlock();
	}
private:
	int alloccount,freecount;
	JMutex mutex;
};

最后这样使用：

	MyMemoryManager mgr;
	RTPSession sess(0, &mgr);

这种方法很巧妙，也很难看懂，example里面的内存分配方式简易了点，自己实现时可以考虑内存池，因为RTP数据发送时申请和释放内存还是挺频繁的。