问题背景:
我要在一个表单里同时一次性提交多名乘客的个人信息到SpringMVC,前端HTML和SpringMVC Controller里该如何处理?
- 第1种方法:表单提交,以字段数组接收;
- 第2种方法:表单提交,以BeanListModel接收;
- 第3种方法:将Json对象序列化成Json字符串提交,以List接收;
- 第4种方法:将表单对象序列化成Json字符串提交,以List接收;
第4种方法其实是第3种方法的升级,就是将表单转成Json对象,再转成Json字符串提交;
然而,第4种方法还不支持含有多选控件表单的提交,故应该还有第5种加强版的方法。
以上4种方法都共用同一个User实体类,代码如下:
public class User {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private String pwd;
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", pwd='" + pwd + '\'' +
'}';
}
// .......后面还有getter、setter方法,省略了
}
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第1种方法:表单提交,以字段数组接收
HTML代码如下:
<form action="/user/submitUserList_1" method="post">
ID:<input type="text" name="id"><br/>
Username:<input type="text" name="name"><br/>
Password:<input type="text" name="pwd"><br/><br/>
ID:<input type="text" name="id"><br/>
Username:<input type="text" name="name"><br/>
Password:<input type="text" name="pwd"><br/><br/>
<input type="submit" value="submit">
</form>
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Java代码如下:
@RequestMapping(value = "/submitUserList_1", method ={RequestMethod.POST})
@ResponseBody
public String submitUserList_1(HttpServletResponse response,Integer[] id, String[] name, String[] pwd)
throws Exception{
String result = "";
if(id == null || id.length <= 0){ return "No any ID.中文"; }
List<User> userList = new ArrayList<User>();
for (int i = 0; i < id.length; i++ ) {
User user = new User();
user.setId(id[i]);
user.setName(name[i]);
user.setPwd(pwd[i]);
userList.add(user);
}
result = this.showUserList(userList);
return result;
}
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第2种方法:表单提交,以BeanListModel接收
HTML代码如下:
<form action="/user/submitUserList_2" method="post">
ID:<input type="text" name="users[0].id"><br/>
Username:<input type="text" name="users[0].name"><br/>
Password:<input type="text" name="users[0].pwd"><br/><br/>
ID:<input type="text" name="users[2].id"><br/>
Username:<input type="text" name="users[2].name"><br/>
Password:<input type="text" name="users[2].pwd"><br/><br/>
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>
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Java代码:
除了刚才公用的User类,还要封装一个User的容器类UserModel:
public class UserModel {
private List<User> users;
public List<User> getUsers() {
return users;
}
public void setUsers(List<User> users) {
this.users = users;
}
public UserModel(List<User> users) {
super();
this.users = users;
}
public UserModel() {
super();
}
}
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SpringMVC Controller方法:
@RequestMapping(value = "/submitUserList_2", method ={RequestMethod.POST})
@ResponseBody
public String submitUserList_2(UserModel users)
throws Exception{
String result = "";
List<User> userList = users.getUsers();
if(userList == null || userList.size() <= 0){ return "No any ID.中文"; }
result = this.showUserList(userList);
return result;
}
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第3种方法:将Json对象序列化成Json字符串提交,以List接收
HTML代码:
<head>
<title>submitUserList_3</title>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<script language="JavaScript" src="/js/jquery.min.js" ></script>
<script language="JavaScript" src="/js/jquery.json.min.js" ></script>
<script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript">
function submitUserList_3() {alert("ok");
var customerArray = new Array();
customerArray.push({id: "1", name: "李四", pwd: "123"});
customerArray.push({id: "2", name: "张三", pwd: "332"});
$.ajax({
url: "/user/submitUserList_3",
type: "POST",
contentType : 'application/json;charset=utf-8', //设置请求头信息
dataType:"json",
//data: JSON.stringify(customerArray), //将Json对象序列化成Json字符串,JSON.stringify()原生态方法
data: $.toJSON(customerArray), //将Json对象序列化成Json字符串,toJSON()需要引用jquery.json.min.js
success: function(data){
alert(data);
},
error: function(res){
alert(res.responseText);
}
});
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<h1>submitUserList_3</h1>
<input id="submit" type="button" value="Submit" onclick="submitUserList_3();">
</body>
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Java代码:
@RequestMapping(value = "/submitUserList_3", method ={RequestMethod.POST})
@ResponseBody
public String submitUserList_3(@RequestBody List<User> users)
throws Exception{
String result = "";
if(users == null || users.size() <= 0){ return "No any ID.中文"; }
result = this.showUserList(users);
return result;
}
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第4种方法:将表单对象序列化成Json字符串提交,以List接收
HTML代码:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>submitUserList_4</title>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<script language="JavaScript" src="/js/jquery.min.js" ></script>
<script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript">
//将表单序列化成json格式的数据(但不适用于含有控件的表单,例如复选框、多选的select)
(function($){
$.fn.serializeJson = function(){
var jsonData1 = {};
var serializeArray = this.serializeArray();
// 先转换成{"id": ["12","14"], "name": ["aaa","bbb"], "pwd":["pwd1","pwd2"]}这种形式
$(serializeArray).each(function () {
if (jsonData1[this.name]) {
if ($.isArray(jsonData1[this.name])) {
jsonData1[this.name].push(this.value);
} else {
jsonData1[this.name] = [jsonData1[this.name], this.value];
}
} else {
jsonData1[this.name] = this.value;
}
});
// 再转成[{"id": "12", "name": "aaa", "pwd":"pwd1"},{"id": "14", "name": "bb", "pwd":"pwd2"}]的形式
var vCount = 0;
// 计算json内部的数组最大长度
for(var item in jsonData1){
var tmp = $.isArray(jsonData1[item]) ? jsonData1[item].length : 1;
vCount = (tmp > vCount) ? tmp : vCount;
}
if(vCount > 1) {
var jsonData2 = new Array();
for(var i = 0; i < vCount; i++){
var jsonObj = {};
for(var item in jsonData1) {
jsonObj[item] = jsonData1[item][i];
}
jsonData2.push(jsonObj);
}
return JSON.stringify(jsonData2);
}else{
return "[" + JSON.stringify(jsonData1) + "]";
}
};
})(jQuery);
function submitUserList_4() {alert("ok");
var jsonStr = $("#form1").serializeJson();
//console.log("jsonStr:\r\n" + jsonStr);
//alert(jsonStr);
$.ajax({
url: "/user/submitUserList_4",
type: "POST",
contentType : 'application/json;charset=utf-8', //设置请求头信息
dataType:"json",
data: jsonStr,
success: function(data){
alert(data);
},
error: function(res){
alert(res.responseText);
}
});
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<h1>submitUserList_4</h1>
<form id="form1">
ID:<input type="text" name="id"><br/>
Username:<input type="text" name="name"><br/>
Password:<input type="text" name="pwd"><br/><br/>
ID:<input type="text" name="id"><br/>
Username:<input type="text" name="name"><br/>
Password:<input type="text" name="pwd"><br/><br/>
<input type="button" value="submit" onclick="submitUserList_4();">
</form>
</body>
</html>
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Java代码:
@RequestMapping(value = "/submitUserList_4", method ={RequestMethod.POST})
@ResponseBody
public String submitUserList_4(@RequestBody List<User> users)
throws Exception{
String result = "";
if(users == null || users.size() <= 0){ return "No any ID.中文"; }
result = this.showUserList(users);
return result;
}
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总结:
第1、2种方法其实都有一个共同的BUG:假如提交三条记录时,前面两条记录的某些字段不填值的话,在SpringMVC里接收不准确了。而且,每2种方法在HMTL中需要给name属性添加[下标],如果下标有跨度的话(比如第一组控件下标是0,第二组下标是2),那么SpringMVC里其实的是0到2三个对象的,默认下标是1的那个对象全为null值。
第3、4种方法最实用。