Spring
spring是一个轻量级的控制反转,面向切面的开发框架。
个人对轻量级开发框架的理解:
Spring算是一个轻量级的开发框架,但是也并不能说他就是一个轻量级的开发框架,轻量级与重量级开发框架主要区别是框架对服务的的支持程度,如果你的web应用Spring的时候需要的服务相对较多,也就是Spring要为你的web应用开启相对较多的服务,那么他也就不算一个轻量级框架,所以对于Spring是轻量级框架的说法上还是基于相对而言。
SpringMVC
传统的web架构的view 表现层使用struts作为表现层。但是如果试用下spring自带的MVC,会发现spring 在一般场合完全可以取代struts。从某些角度来说,spring的mvc设计的更加合理。Spring MVC属于SpringFrameWork的后续产品,已经融合在Spring Web Flow里面。Spring 框架提供了构建 Web 应用程序的全功能 MVC 模块。使用 Spring 可插入的 MVC 架构,从而在使用Spring进行WEB开发时,可以选择使用Spring的SpringMVC框架或集成其他MVC开发框架。同时SpringMVC不仅拥有Struts2在Controller层对访问路径的优化映射,而且支持以注解形式配置web访问路径。
Mybatis
是一个支持普通SQL查询、动态生成SQL、可调用存储过程的持久层框架。通过注解以及XML配置可以简化甚至消除在Java代码中写SQL的麻烦,相比于hibernate对SQL的高度封装让程序员更加了解SQL以及更加确定自己SQL的正确性,同时更有利于对SQL的学习和掌握。
下面则开始对SpringMVC+Mybatis的环境搭建以及配置说明:
1、工程目录说明
目录结构说明如下:
•/src
•dbConfig.properties 数据库配置文件
•/WebRoot
•/WEB-INF
•li
b 工程所需jar包
•/mybatis
•mybatis-config.xml Mybatis配置文件
•/spring
•spring-base.xml spring配置文件
•spring-servlet.xml springMVC配置文件
•web.xml web工程配置文件
说明:
我的工程只是写的一个环境搭建的Demo,所有只有三个包:
(实际开发中肯定还要包括逻辑控制层service,数据持久层DAO,以及自己的需要的其他包)
com.smm.bean 实体类包,测试用的User类
- package com.smm.bean;
- /**
- * 测试用户类
- *
- */
- public class User {
-
- private int id;
- private String name;
- private String gender;
- private int age;
- public User() {
- }
- public User(String name, String gender, int age) {
- super();
- this.name = name;
- this.gender = gender;
- this.age = age;
- }
- public User(int id, String name, String gender, int age) {
- super();
- this.id = id;
- this.name = name;
- this.gender = gender;
- this.age = age;
- }
- public int getId() {
- return id;
- }
- public void setId(int id) {
- this.id = id;
- }
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
- public String getGender() {
- return gender;
- }
- public void setGender(String gender) {
- this.gender = gender;
- }
- public int getAge() {
- return age;
- }
- public void setAge(int age) {
- this.age = age;
- }
-
- }
com.smm.mapper Mybatis 的 Mapper映射文件包
UserMapper.java mapper 映射接口
- package com.smm.mapper;
-
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
-
- import com.smm.bean.User;
-
- /**
- * 测试beanMapper
- *
- */
- @Service
- public interface UserMapper {
-
- /**
- * 测试方法<br>
- * 添加用户
- * @param user
- */
- public void add(User user);
-
- }
userMapper.xml mapper 映射文件
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
- <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
- "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
-
-
- <mapper namespace="com.smm.mapper.UserMapper">
-
- <insert id="add">
- insert into t_user(u_name, u_gender, u_age)
- values(#{name}, #{gender}, #{age})
- </insert>
-
- </mapper>
com.smm.controller 控制层,测试用的UserController 类
- package com.smm.controller;
-
- import javax.annotation.Resource;
-
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
- import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
-
- import com.smm.bean.User;
- import com.smm.mapper.UserMapper;
-
- /**
- * 测试用户控制层
- *
- */
- @Controller
- @RequestMapping("/user")
- public class UserController {
-
- @Resource
- UserMapper userMapper;
-
- /**
- * 测试方法,返回index.jsp
- * @param map
- * @return String
- */
- @RequestMapping("/index")
- public String index(ModelMap map){
- User user = new User("测试姓名", "男", 22);
- userMapper.add(user);
- map.addAttribute("user", user);
- return "index";
- }
-
- }
这样,一个简单的添加用户的逻辑就已经完成,下面则是对各个配置文件的编写
配置文件说明如下:(一些配置文件中对于你工程所需要扫描的包或文件路径请参照你自己的目录经行修改)
dbConfig.properties(参照自己数据库经行修改)
- username=root
- password=system
- url=jdbc\:mysql\://localhost\:3306/test
- driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
mybatis-config.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
- <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
- "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
- <configuration>
-
- <!--
- 该文件已不需要
- 所有映射配置均在 spring-base.xml 的 bean 节点 id 为 sqlSessionFactctory 中配置完成
- -->
-
- </configuration>
spring-base.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
- xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd">
-
-
- <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:dbConfig.properties" />
-
-
- <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
- <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
- <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test" />
- <property name="username" value="root" />
- <property name="password" value="system" />
- </bean>
-
- <!--
- mybatis 的SqlSession 的工厂: SqlSessionFactoryBean
- mapperLocations : 每个Mapper类对应的 xml 映射文件(扫描该文件以及子文件中的xml映射文件)
- typeAliasesPackage : 每个实体类对应的别名(默认即类名)
- -->
- <bean id="sqlSessionFactctory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
- <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/smm/mapper/*.xml"/>
- <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.smm.bean"/>
- <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
- </bean>
-
- <!--
- mybatis 自动扫描加载 beanMapper 映射文件 : MapperScannerConfigurer
- basePackage : 所有Mapper类对应的包(扫描该包以及子包下面的类)
- -->
- <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
- <property name="basePackage" value="com.smm.mapper"/>
- <property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactctory"/>
- </bean>
-
-
- <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
- <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
- </bean>
-
- <!--
- 使用声明式事务
- spring-servlet.xml 以声明注解,此处不再需要
- -->
-
-
- </beans>
spring-servlet.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
-
-
- <context:component-scan base-package="com.smm"/>
-
-
- <mvc:annotation-driven/>
-
-
- <mvc:resources location="/images/" mapping="/images/**"/>
- <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/>
-
-
- <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
- <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"/>
- </bean>
-
-
- <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
- <property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
- <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
- </bean>
-
- </beans>
web.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
- http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
- <display-name></display-name>
- <welcome-file-list>
- <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
- </welcome-file-list>
-
-
- <filter>
- <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
- <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>encoding</param-name>
- <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
- <param-value>true</param-value>
- </init-param>
- </filter>
- <filter-mapping>
- <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
- <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
- </filter-mapping>
-
-
-
- <context-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/spring-*.xml</param-value>
- </context-param>
- <listener>
- <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
- </listener>
-
-
-
- <servlet>
- <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
- <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/spring-*.xml</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
- </servlet>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
-
-
-
- </web-app>
Spring
spring是一个轻量级的控制反转,面向切面的开发框架。
个人对轻量级开发框架的理解:
Spring算是一个轻量级的开发框架,但是也并不能说他就是一个轻量级的开发框架,轻量级与重量级开发框架主要区别是框架对服务的的支持程度,如果你的web应用Spring的时候需要的服务相对较多,也就是Spring要为你的web应用开启相对较多的服务,那么他也就不算一个轻量级框架,所以对于Spring是轻量级框架的说法上还是基于相对而言。
SpringMVC
传统的web架构的view 表现层使用struts作为表现层。但是如果试用下spring自带的MVC,会发现spring 在一般场合完全可以取代struts。从某些角度来说,spring的mvc设计的更加合理。Spring MVC属于SpringFrameWork的后续产品,已经融合在Spring Web Flow里面。Spring 框架提供了构建 Web 应用程序的全功能 MVC 模块。使用 Spring 可插入的 MVC 架构,从而在使用Spring进行WEB开发时,可以选择使用Spring的SpringMVC框架或集成其他MVC开发框架。同时SpringMVC不仅拥有Struts2在Controller层对访问路径的优化映射,而且支持以注解形式配置web访问路径。
Mybatis
是一个支持普通SQL查询、动态生成SQL、可调用存储过程的持久层框架。通过注解以及XML配置可以简化甚至消除在Java代码中写SQL的麻烦,相比于hibernate对SQL的高度封装让程序员更加了解SQL以及更加确定自己SQL的正确性,同时更有利于对SQL的学习和掌握。
下面则开始对SpringMVC+Mybatis的环境搭建以及配置说明:
1、工程目录说明
目录结构说明如下:
•/src
•dbConfig.properties 数据库配置文件
•/WebRoot
•/WEB-INF
•li
b 工程所需jar包
•/mybatis
•mybatis-config.xml Mybatis配置文件
•/spring
•spring-base.xml spring配置文件
•spring-servlet.xml springMVC配置文件
•web.xml web工程配置文件
说明:
我的工程只是写的一个环境搭建的Demo,所有只有三个包:
(实际开发中肯定还要包括逻辑控制层service,数据持久层DAO,以及自己的需要的其他包)
com.smm.bean 实体类包,测试用的User类
- package com.smm.bean;
- /**
- * 测试用户类
- *
- */
- public class User {
-
- private int id;
- private String name;
- private String gender;
- private int age;
- public User() {
- }
- public User(String name, String gender, int age) {
- super();
- this.name = name;
- this.gender = gender;
- this.age = age;
- }
- public User(int id, String name, String gender, int age) {
- super();
- this.id = id;
- this.name = name;
- this.gender = gender;
- this.age = age;
- }
- public int getId() {
- return id;
- }
- public void setId(int id) {
- this.id = id;
- }
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
- public String getGender() {
- return gender;
- }
- public void setGender(String gender) {
- this.gender = gender;
- }
- public int getAge() {
- return age;
- }
- public void setAge(int age) {
- this.age = age;
- }
-
- }
com.smm.mapper Mybatis 的 Mapper映射文件包
UserMapper.java mapper 映射接口
- package com.smm.mapper;
-
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
-
- import com.smm.bean.User;
-
- /**
- * 测试beanMapper
- *
- */
- @Service
- public interface UserMapper {
-
- /**
- * 测试方法<br>
- * 添加用户
- * @param user
- */
- public void add(User user);
-
- }
userMapper.xml mapper 映射文件
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
- <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
- "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
-
-
- <mapper namespace="com.smm.mapper.UserMapper">
-
- <insert id="add">
- insert into t_user(u_name, u_gender, u_age)
- values(#{name}, #{gender}, #{age})
- </insert>
-
- </mapper>
com.smm.controller 控制层,测试用的UserController 类
- package com.smm.controller;
-
- import javax.annotation.Resource;
-
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
- import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
-
- import com.smm.bean.User;
- import com.smm.mapper.UserMapper;
-
- /**
- * 测试用户控制层
- *
- */
- @Controller
- @RequestMapping("/user")
- public class UserController {
-
- @Resource
- UserMapper userMapper;
-
- /**
- * 测试方法,返回index.jsp
- * @param map
- * @return String
- */
- @RequestMapping("/index")
- public String index(ModelMap map){
- User user = new User("测试姓名", "男", 22);
- userMapper.add(user);
- map.addAttribute("user", user);
- return "index";
- }
-
- }
这样,一个简单的添加用户的逻辑就已经完成,下面则是对各个配置文件的编写
配置文件说明如下:(一些配置文件中对于你工程所需要扫描的包或文件路径请参照你自己的目录经行修改)
dbConfig.properties(参照自己数据库经行修改)
- username=root
- password=system
- url=jdbc\:mysql\://localhost\:3306/test
- driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
mybatis-config.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
- <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
- "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
- <configuration>
-
- <!--
- 该文件已不需要
- 所有映射配置均在 spring-base.xml 的 bean 节点 id 为 sqlSessionFactctory 中配置完成
- -->
-
- </configuration>
spring-base.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
- xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd">
-
-
- <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:dbConfig.properties" />
-
-
- <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
- <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
- <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test" />
- <property name="username" value="root" />
- <property name="password" value="system" />
- </bean>
-
- <!--
- mybatis 的SqlSession 的工厂: SqlSessionFactoryBean
- mapperLocations : 每个Mapper类对应的 xml 映射文件(扫描该文件以及子文件中的xml映射文件)
- typeAliasesPackage : 每个实体类对应的别名(默认即类名)
- -->
- <bean id="sqlSessionFactctory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
- <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/smm/mapper/*.xml"/>
- <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.smm.bean"/>
- <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
- </bean>
-
- <!--
- mybatis 自动扫描加载 beanMapper 映射文件 : MapperScannerConfigurer
- basePackage : 所有Mapper类对应的包(扫描该包以及子包下面的类)
- -->
- <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
- <property name="basePackage" value="com.smm.mapper"/>
- <property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactctory"/>
- </bean>
-
-
- <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
- <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
- </bean>
-
- <!--
- 使用声明式事务
- spring-servlet.xml 以声明注解,此处不再需要
- -->
-
-
- </beans>
spring-servlet.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
-
-
- <context:component-scan base-package="com.smm"/>
-
-
- <mvc:annotation-driven/>
-
-
- <mvc:resources location="/images/" mapping="/images/**"/>
- <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/>
-
-
- <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
- <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"/>
- </bean>
-
-
- <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
- <property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
- <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
- </bean>
-
- </beans>
web.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
- http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
- <display-name></display-name>
- <welcome-file-list>
- <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
- </welcome-file-list>
-
-
- <filter>
- <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
- <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>encoding</param-name>
- <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
- <param-value>true</param-value>
- </init-param>
- </filter>
- <filter-mapping>
- <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
- <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
- </filter-mapping>
-
-
-
- <context-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/spring-*.xml</param-value>
- </context-param>
- <listener>
- <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
- </listener>
-
-
-
- <servlet>
- <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
- <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/spring-*.xml</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
- </servlet>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
-
-
-
- </web-app>