利用 Java 闭锁：CountDownLatch 实现同时并发请求操作

有时需要测试一下某个功能的并发性能，又不要想借助于其他工具,java中模拟并发请求很方便，但是线程一般情况下存在先后顺序，这样的话就不能成为同时并发，所以利用CountDownLatch刚好就用来做这种事就最合适了

需求

• 开启n个线程，加一个闭锁，开启所有线程；
• 待所有线程都准备好后，按下开启按钮，就可以真正的发起并发请求了。

代码

模拟请求工具类：

package com.itcorey.interview.utils;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

/**
 * @Auther: corey
 * @Date: 2020/8/21 10:23
 * @Description: 发起请求工具类
 */
public class HttpClientOp {

    public static String doGet(String httpurl) throws  Exception{
        HttpURLConnection connection = null;
        InputStream is = null;
        BufferedReader br = null;
        String result = null;// 返回结果字符串
        try {
            // 创建远程url连接对象
            URL url = new URL(httpurl);
            // 通过远程url连接对象打开一个连接，强转成httpURLConnection类
            connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            // 设置连接方式：get
            connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
            // 设置连接主机服务器的超时时间：15000毫秒
            connection.setConnectTimeout(15000);
            // 设置读取远程返回的数据时间：60000毫秒
            connection.setReadTimeout(60000);
            // 发送请求
            connection.connect();
            // 通过connection连接，获取输入流
            if (connection.getResponseCode() == 200) {
                is = connection.getInputStream();
                // 封装输入流is，并指定字符集
                br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is, "UTF-8"));
                // 存放数据
                StringBuffer sbf = new StringBuffer();
                String temp = null;
                while ((temp = br.readLine()) != null) {
                    sbf.append(temp);
                    sbf.append("\r\n");
                }
                result = sbf.toString();
            }
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            // 关闭资源
            if (null != br) {
                try {
                    br.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

            if (null != is) {
                try {
                    is.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

            connection.disconnect();// 关闭远程连接
        }

        return result;
    }

    public static String doPost(String httpUrl, String param) {

        HttpURLConnection connection = null;
        InputStream is = null;
        OutputStream os = null;
        BufferedReader br = null;
        String result = null;
        try {
            URL url = new URL(httpUrl);
            // 通过远程url连接对象打开连接
            connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            // 设置连接请求方式
            connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
            // 设置连接主机服务器超时时间：15000毫秒
            connection.setConnectTimeout(15000);
            // 设置读取主机服务器返回数据超时时间：60000毫秒
            connection.setReadTimeout(60000);

            // 默认值为：false，当向远程服务器传送数据/写数据时，需要设置为true
            connection.setDoOutput(true);
            // 默认值为：true，当前向远程服务读取数据时，设置为true，该参数可有可无
            connection.setDoInput(true);
            // 设置传入参数的格式:请求参数应该是 name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。
            connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
            // 设置鉴权信息：Authorization: Bearer da3efcbf-0845-4fe3-8aba-ee040be542c0
            connection.setRequestProperty("Authorization", "Bearer da3efcbf-0845-4fe3-8aba-ee040be542c0");
            // 通过连接对象获取一个输出流
            os = connection.getOutputStream();
            // 通过输出流对象将参数写出去/传输出去,它是通过字节数组写出的
            os.write(param.getBytes());
            // 通过连接对象获取一个输入流，向远程读取
            if (connection.getResponseCode() == 200) {

                is = connection.getInputStream();
                // 对输入流对象进行包装:charset根据工作项目组的要求来设置
                br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is, "UTF-8"));

                StringBuffer sbf = new StringBuffer();
                String temp = null;
                // 循环遍历一行一行读取数据
                while ((temp = br.readLine()) != null) {
                    sbf.append(temp);
                    sbf.append("\r\n");
                }
                result = sbf.toString();
            }
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            // 关闭资源
            if (null != br) {
                try {
                    br.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (null != os) {
                try {
                    os.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (null != is) {
                try {
                    is.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            // 断开与远程地址url的连接
            connection.disconnect();
        }
        return result;
    }
}

LatchTest 测试代码

package com.itcorey.interview.thread;

import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;

/**
 * @Auther: corey
 * @Date: 2020/8/21 10:21
 * @Description: 模拟正真用户请求
 */
public class LatchTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        Runnable taskTemp = new Runnable() {
            // 注意，此处是非线程安全的，留坑
            private int iCounter;
            @Override
            public void run() {
                for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                    // 发起请求
                    // HttpClientOp.doGet("https://www.baidu.com/");
                    iCounter++;
                    System.out.println(System.nanoTime() + " [" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "] iCounter = " + iCounter);
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(100);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        };
        LatchTest latchTest = new LatchTest();
        latchTest.startTaskAllInOnce(5, taskTemp);
    }


    private long startTaskAllInOnce(int threadNums, final Runnable task) throws InterruptedException {
        final CountDownLatch startGate = new CountDownLatch(1);
        final CountDownLatch endGate = new CountDownLatch(threadNums);
        for (int i = 0; i < threadNums; i++) {
            Thread t = new Thread() {
                public void run() {
                    try {
                        // 使线程在此等待，当开始门打开时，一起涌入门中
                        startGate.await();
                        try {
                            task.run();
                        } finally {
                            // 将结束门减1，减到0时，就可以开启结束门了
                            endGate.countDown();
                        }
                    } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
                        ie.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            };
            t.start();
        }
        long startTime = System.nanoTime();
        System.out.println(startTime + " [" + Thread.currentThread() + "] All thread is ready, concurrent going...");
        // 因开启门只需一个开关，所以立马就开启开始门
        startGate.countDown();
        // 等等结束门开启
        endGate.await();
        long endTime = System.nanoTime();
        System.out.println(endTime + " [" + Thread.currentThread() + "] All thread is completed.");
        return endTime - startTime;
    }

}

执行结果：

同一时间，所有线程同时请求，非线程的ccounter计数混乱