其实这些命令的实现都是 C 语言提供的一些库函数,我们只需要使用这些函数,并对得到的结果进行相应的格式化即可,好的,我们开始吧:
ls 用到的函数是 opendir ,readdir,这些都是读目录的函数,读取目录中的内容之后 ,我们可以对它进行解析,它是一条一条的读的,所以,我们可以得到全部的文件。
pwd 用到的函数是 getcwd ,这个函数的意思是 get current working directory ,很明显,它的意图就是得到当前的工作目录
cd 用到的函数是chdir ,这个函数的意思是 change directory,也是一样的明显,改变目录。
好了,我们来看以个例子吧:
/*
* linux_cmd.c
*
* Created on: 2013年12月1日
* Author: DLUTBruceZhang
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
void my_ls(char *cur_dir);
void my_cd(const char *cd_to);
char * my_pwd();
char buffer[512];
int main(int argc, char **argv, char **environ)
{
my_cd("/home/administrator/BruceZhang");
my_ls(my_pwd());
return 0;
}
void my_ls(char *cur_dir)
{
DIR *dir;
struct dirent *link;
struct stat buf;
struct tm *p;
char file_type[11] = {0};
char t_buffer[128] = {0};
char sbuf[512] = {0};
printf("%s\n", cur_dir);
dir = opendir(cur_dir);
while ((link = readdir(dir)) != NULL)
{
if (lstat(link -> d_name, &buf) == -1)
{
perror("lstat");
continue;
}
if (strcmp(link -> d_name, ".") == 0 || strcmp(link -> d_name, "..") == 0)
{
continue;
}
strcpy(file_type, "----------");
switch (buf.st_mode & S_IFMT)
{
case S_IFSOCK :
file_type[0] = 's';
break;
case S_IFLNK :
file_type[0] = 'l';
break;
case S_IFBLK :
file_type[0] = 'b';
break;
case S_IFDIR :
file_type[0] = 'd';
break;
case S_IFCHR :
file_type[0] = 'c';
break;
case S_IFIFO :
file_type[0] = 'f';
break;
default :
break;
}
if (buf.st_mode & S_IRUSR)
{
file_type[1] = 'r';
}
if (buf.st_mode & S_IWUSR)
{
file_type[2] = 'w';
}
if (buf.st_mode & S_IXUSR)
{
file_type[3] = 'x';
}
if (buf.st_mode & S_IRGRP)
{
file_type[4] = 'r';
}
if (buf.st_mode & S_IWGRP)
{
file_type[5] = 'w';
}
if (buf.st_mode & S_IXGRP)
{
file_type[6] = 'x';
}
if (buf.st_mode & S_IROTH)
{
file_type[7] = 'r';
}
if (buf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
{
file_type[8] = 'w';
}
if (buf.st_mode & S_IXOTH)
{
file_type[9] = 'x';
}
p = gmtime((time_t *)&(buf.st_mtim));
strftime(t_buffer, 128, "%b %e %H:%M", p);
sprintf(sbuf, "%s %3d %-8d %-8d %8lu %s %s", file_type,
(int)buf.st_nlink, buf.st_uid, buf.st_gid, (long)buf.st_size,
t_buffer, link -> d_name);
printf("%s\n", sbuf);
}
}
void my_cd(const char *cd_to)
{
chdir(cd_to);
}
char * my_pwd()
{
memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
getcwd(buffer, sizeof(buffer));
printf("%s\n", buffer);
return buffer;
}
输出的结果如下所示:
/home/administrator/BruceZhang
/home/administrator/BruceZhang
-rw-r--r-- 1 1000 1000 32089 Oct 8 07:49 change_wlan.c~
-rw-r--r-- 1 1000 1000 33257 Sep 23 06:35 手把手教你如何写Makefile.pdf
-rwxr-xr-x 1 1000 1000 7425 Aug 31 06:27 keygen_ue
drwxrwxr-x 2 1000 1000 4096 Mar 19 06:13 android
drwx------ 3 1000 1000 4096 Jul 10 11:57 Shell To C
-rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 157949932 Nov 25 01:26 wps-office_8.1.0.3724~b1p2_i386.deb
drwxrwxr-x 3 1000 1000 4096 Sep 9 11:15 gedit-source-code-browser-master
-rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 26072675 Oct 28 08:50 fcitx-sougou.7z
drwxrwxr-x 15 1000 1000 4096 Nov 10 10:58 tests
drwxrwxr-x 2 1000 1000 4096 Nov 2 01:55 pthread_pool_test
drwxrwxr-x 2 1000 1000 4096 Nov 2 02:39 sort_list
drwxrwxr-x 2 1000 1000 4096 Nov 1 13:31 cpp_pthread_pool_test
drwx------ 2 1000 1000 4096 Jul 9 10:40 a
-rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 1782257 Dec 1 02:16 cpp_primer4_cn.chm
drwxrwxr-x 2 1000 1000 4096 Nov 2 02:09 threadPool
-rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 888 Nov 1 10:25 CThread.h
drwxrwxr-x 4 1000 1000 4096 Nov 10 05:02 command_test
-rw-r--r-- 1 1000 1000 16876 Oct 10 06:31 iw_change_change.sh
drwxrwxr-x 2 1000 1000 4096 May 3 15:03 coding
drwx------ 2 1000 1000 4096 Oct 5 11:44 ultraedit3.3