#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int
system(const char *cmdstring) /* with appropriate signal handling */
{
pid_t pid;
int status;
struct sigaction ignore, saveintr, savequit;
sigset_t chldmask, savemask;
if (cmdstring == NULL)
return(1); /* always a command processor with UNIX */
ignore.sa_handler = SIG_IGN; /* ignore SIGINT and SIGQUIT */
sigemptyset(&ignore.sa_mask);
ignore.sa_flags = 0;
if (sigaction(SIGINT, &ignore, &saveintr) < 0)
return(-1);
if (sigaction(SIGQUIT, &ignore, &savequit) < 0)
return(-1);
sigemptyset(&chldmask); /* now block SIGCHLD */
sigaddset(&chldmask, SIGCHLD);
if (sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &chldmask, &savemask) < 0)
return(-1);
if ((pid = fork()) < 0) {
status = -1; /* probably out of processes */
} else if (pid == 0) { /* child */
/* restore previous signal actions & reset signal mask */
sigaction(SIGINT, &saveintr, NULL);
sigaction(SIGQUIT, &savequit, NULL);
sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &savemask, NULL);
execl("/bin/sh", "sh", "-c", cmdstring, (char *)0);
_exit(127); /* exec error */
} else { /* parent */
while (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
if (errno != EINTR) {
status = -1; /* error other than EINTR from waitpid() */
break;
}
}
/* restore previous signal actions & reset signal mask */
if (sigaction(SIGINT, &saveintr, NULL) < 0)
return(-1);
if (sigaction(SIGQUIT, &savequit, NULL) < 0)
return(-1);
if (sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &savemask, NULL) < 0)
return(-1);
return(status);
}
system(执行shell 命令)
相关函数fork,execve,waitpid,popen
表头文件
#i nclude<stdlib.h>
定义函数
int system(const char * string);
函数说明
system()会调用fork()产生子进程,由子进程来调用/bin/sh-c string来执行参数string字符串所代表的命令,此命>令执行完后随即返回原调用的进程。在调用system()期间SIGCHLD 信号会被暂时搁置,SIGINT和SIGQUIT 信号则会被忽略。
返回值
=-1:出现错误
=0:调用成功但是没有出现子进程
>0:成功退出的子进程的id
如果system()在调用/bin/sh时失败则返回127,其他失败原因返回-1。若参数string为空指针(NULL),则返回非零值>。
如果system()调用成功则最后会返回执行shell命令后的返回值,但是此返回值也有可能为 system()调用/bin/sh失败所返回的127,因此最好能再检查errno 来确认执行成功。