【Spring Data JPA】SpringDataJPA上手教程

最新推荐文章于 2025-01-22 10:12:18 发布

EamonHu

最新推荐文章于 2025-01-22 10:12:18 发布

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分类专栏： # SpringData 文章标签： SpringDataJPA jpa

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Dawn510/article/details/106864092

版权

一 SpringDataJPA概述

二 SpringDataJPA快速入门

2.1需求说明

2.2 搭建SpringDataJPA开发环境

2.3 使用Spring Data JPA完成需求

三 SpringDataJPA的运行过程及原理简析

3.1 Spring Data JPA 的常用接口分析

3.2 Spring Data JPA的实现过程

3.3 Spring Data JPA完整的调用过程分析

四 SpringDataJPA的查询方式

4.1 使用Spring Data JPA 中接口定义的方法进行查询

5.1 使用Specifications完成条件查询

5.2 基于Specifications的分页查询

一 SpringDataJPA概述

SpringDataJPA是Spring基于ORM框架、JPA规范的基础上封装的一套JPA应用框架，可以简化开发者们的操作，只需要在dao层写接口，就自动具备了增删改查、分页查询等方法。

SpringDataJPA和JPA和Hibernate之间的关系

JPA是一套规范，内部是由接口和抽象类组成的。Hibernate是一套成熟的ORM框架，Hibernate实现了JPA规范，是JPA的一种实现方式。

SpringDataJPA是Spring提供的一套对JPA操作更加高级的封装，是JPA规范下专门用来进行数据持久化的解决方案。

二 SpringDataJPA快速入门

2.1需求说明

使用Spring Data JPA 完成客户的基本CRUD操作

2.2 搭建SpringDataJPA开发环境

2.2.1 导入Spring Data JPA坐标

创建Maven工程，使用Spring Data JPA，需要整合Spring与Spring Data JPA，并且需要提供JPA的服务提供者hibernate，所以需要导入spring相关坐标，hibernate坐标，数据库驱动坐标等。pom.xml添加如下依赖

 <properties>
        <spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <hibernate.version>5.0.7.Final</hibernate.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
        <c3p0.version>0.9.1.2</c3p0.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version>
    </properties>
 
    <dependencies>
        <!-- junit单元测试 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.9</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
       
        <!-- spring beg -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.8</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
       
        <!-- spring end -->
 
        <!-- hibernate beg -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- hibernate end -->
 
        <!-- c3p0 beg -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>${c3p0.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- c3p0 end -->
 
        <!-- log end -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- log end -->
 
       
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
       
        <!-- el beg 使用spring data jpa 必须引入 -->
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>javax.el</groupId> 
            <artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId> 
            <version>2.2.4</version> 
        </dependency> 
         
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId> 
            <artifactId>javax.el</artifactId> 
            <version>2.2.4</version> 
        </dependency>
        <!-- el end -->
    </dependencies>

2.2.2 整合SpringDataJPA与Spring

Spring配置文件applicationContext.xml内容如下，注意根据自己的数据库和工程结构修改数据库连接池和扫描包路径。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd">
	
	<!-- 1.dataSource 配置数据库连接池-->
	<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
		<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
		<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jpa" />
		<property name="user" value="root" />
		<property name="password" value="111111" />
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 2.配置entityManagerFactory -->
	<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
		<property name="packagesToScan" value="com.bupt.entity" />
		<property name="persistenceProvider">
			<bean class="org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider" />
		</property>
		<!--JPA的供应商适配器-->
		<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
			<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
				<property name="generateDdl" value="false" />
				<property name="database" value="MYSQL" />
				<property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect" />
				<property name="showSql" value="true" />
			</bean>
		</property>
		<property name="jpaDialect">
			<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect" />
		</property>
	</bean>
    
	
	<!-- 3.事务管理器-->
	<!-- JPA事务管理器  -->
	<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
		<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 整合spring data jpa-->
	<jpa:repositories base-package="com.bupt.dao"
		transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager"
		entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory"></jpa:reposi

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