本文探讨了数据库从物理和逻辑两个角度的理解。物理数据是指操作系统层面可见的数据，例如通过Linux命令工具可以查看到的数据库文件及进程；而逻辑数据如表等，则仅对数据库有意义，SQL语句能列出Oracle数据库中的表，但操作系统工具无法做到这一点。文章还介绍了数据库的物理结构与逻辑结构之间的分离特性，使得物理数据存储的管理不会影响到逻辑存储结构的访问。
A database can be considered from both a physical and logical perspective. Physical data is data viewable at the operating system level. For example, operating system utilities such as the Linux ls and ps can list database files and processes. Logical data
such as a table is meaningful only for the database. A SQL statement can list the tables in an Oracle database, but an operating system utility cannot.
The database has physical structures and logical structures. Because the physical and logical structures are separate, the physical storage of data can be managed without affecting access to logical storage structures. For example, renaming a physical database
file does not rename the tables whose data is stored in this file.
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