本文介绍了深度学习开发工具W&B，包括安装、登录、实验追踪、数据可视化、模型版本控制等内容，并针对国内用户如何解决登录问题给出了建议。
这wandb有点蛋疼啊，说登录https://wandb.ai/authorize?signup=true获取API KEY，但貌似要梯子才能连上？？对国内用户不友好
这还有个教程，是pytorch_yolov5方提供的：
https://github.com/ultralytics/yolov5/issues/1289
20230816
W&B（Weights and Biases）：深度学习轻量级可视化工具入门教程
简介
W&B，全称Weights and Biases，是一个专为机器学习项目设计的开发工具。它提供了实验跟踪、数据可视化和模型版本控制等功能，对于深度学习实验和调优非常有用。
# 安装w&b库
!pip install wandb
登录W&B
使用W&B需要先进行账号登录，可以通过命令行进行：
import wandb
wandb.login()
这个命令将会打开一个新的浏览器窗口，请求你在W&B网站上进行登录或注册。
实验追踪
W&B的核心功能之一就是实验追踪，它能够记录模型训练过程中的各种信息，例如损失值、准确率以及其他性能指标。
开始一个新的运行
要开始一个新的实验，我们需要创建一个新的run对象。
run = wandb.init(project="my_project", config=hyperparameters)
在这里，“my_project”是你的项目名称，而config参数是一个包含所有超参数的字典。
记录指标
要记录某些指标，如损失值和准确率，我们可以使用log方法。
wandb.log({"loss": loss, "accuracy": accuracy})
数据可视化
W&B还提供了强大的数据可视化工具。例如，我们可以用它来绘制损失值和准确率的变化图。
# 在每个训练阶段结束时调用以下代码
wandb.log({"train_loss": train_loss, "val_loss": val_loss})
这样，W&B就会在其网页端生成一张实时更新的曲线图。
模型版本控制
除了实验追踪和数据可视化，W&B还支持模型版本控制。这意味着你可以保存模型的任何版本，并在需要时加载它们。
# 保存模型
torch.save(model.state_dict(), "model.pth")
wandb.save("model.pth")
# 加载模型
model.load_state_dict(torch.load("model.pth"))
这样，即使在多次训练和调参后，你也可以随时回溯到任何一个模型版本。
结论
W&B是一款强大且易用的深度学习可视化工具。无论你是机器学习初学者，还是有经验的研究人员，都可以从中受益。
参考文献：
- Weights & Biases Documentation. (n.d.). https://docs.wandb.com/
- Lukas Mosser, Alfredo De la Fuente, and Anders Kaestner. “Solving the Carbonate Reservoir Black Box with Machine Learning.” ArXiv abs/1904.03317 (2019).
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