commons fileupload是当前比较流行和实用的文件上传组件,借助它的帮助,可以轻而易举的实现页面表单文件上传。
一。加入commons fileupload组件依赖
<!-- commons-fileupload dependencies --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-io</groupId> <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId> <version>1.3.2</version> </dependency>
二。定义一个上传文件属性文件 file.properties
#为上传文件开辟的临时文件夹,用于存放临时文件 file.temp_repository=F://jetty-distribution-7.4.5.v20110725//temp #上传文件到服务器时,存放上传文件的文件夹 file.upload_repository=F://jetty-distribution-7.4.5.v20110725//upload #存放上传文件时,如果上传文件的大小大于该数值时,就将上传文件以 #临时文件的形式先存放到临时文件夹下。当进行文件上传时,上传的文 #件并不是直接就写到磁盘上的,而是先存放于内存当中,如果上传文件 #过大,那么内存就会不够用,这时就可以启用临时文件存放的形式。 file.size_threshold=10240 #单次上传时,上传的文件大小的最大值 file.size_max=50000000 #单个文件大小的最大值 file.file_size_max=5000000 #自定义的单次上传文件的最大个数 file.max_file_items_per_request=5 #自定义的上传文件的内容类型 file.allowed_content_type=jpg,gif,txt,zip,jpeg,pdf
三。uploadfile.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd"> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:file.properties"/> <bean id="diskFileItemFactory" class="org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory"> <property name="repository" value="${file.temp_repository}"/> <property name="sizeThreshold" value="${file.size_threshold}"/> </bean> <bean id="fileUpload" class="org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload"> <property name="fileItemFactory" ref="diskFileItemFactory"/> <property name="sizeMax" value="${file.size_max}"/> <property name="fileSizeMax" value="${file.file_size_max}"/> </bean> <bean id="fileUploadHelper" class="com.dream.utils.FileUploadHelper"> <property name="servletFileUpload" ref="fileUpload"/> <property name="destination" value="${file.upload_repository}"/> <property name="maxFileItemsPerRequest" value="${file.max_file_items_per_request}"/> </bean> </beans>
四。自定义扩展的FileUploadHelper
package com.dream.utils;
import com.dream.exception.OverMaxFileItemsException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
* User: Zhong Gang
* Date: 11-8-16
* Time: 下午11:09
*/
public class FileUploadHelper {
private static final Integer DEFAULT_FILEITEMS_MAX_NUMBER = 0;
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
private ServletFileUpload servletFileUpload;
private File destination;
private Integer maxFileItemsPerRequest = DEFAULT_FILEITEMS_MAX_NUMBER;
public void upload(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
List<FileItem> fileItems = servletFileUpload.parseRequest(request);
removeFormFields(request, fileItems);
int size = fileItems.size();
if (size > DEFAULT_FILEITEMS_MAX_NUMBER && size > maxFileItemsPerRequest) {
throw new OverMaxFileItemsException();
}
for (FileItem fileItem : fileItems) {
if (!destination.exists()) {
destination.mkdir();
}
String name = fileItem.getName();
File file = new File(destination, name);
fileItem.write(file);
}
}
private void removeFormFields(HttpServletRequest request, List<FileItem> fileItems) {
Iterator<FileItem> iterator = fileItems.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
FileItem fileItem = iterator.next();
if (fileItem.isFormField()) {
String fieldName = fileItem.getFieldName();
String fieldValue = fileItem.getString();
request.setAttribute(fieldName, fieldValue);
iterator.remove();
}
}
}
public void setServletFileUpload(ServletFileUpload servletFileUpload) {
this.servletFileUpload = servletFileUpload;
}
public void setDestination(File destination) {
this.destination = destination;
}
public void setMaxFileItemsPerRequest(Integer maxFileItemsPerRequest) {
this.maxFileItemsPerRequest = maxFileItemsPerRequest;
}
}
五。上传文件表单
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: ZhongGang
Date: 11-8-15
Time: 下午10:34
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
<title>Photo form</title>
<link href="/resources/css/main.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen"/>
</head>
<body>
<div id="wrapper">
<jsp:include page="../decorator/header.jsp"/>
<div id="page">
<div>
<form:form commandName="photo" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<table>
<tr>
<td>Name :</td>
<td>
<form:input path="name"/>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
Upload file:
</td>
<td>
<input type="file" name="file"/>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Description :</td>
<td>
<form:input path="description"/>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<input type="submit" value="Submit"/>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form:form>
</div>
</div>
<jsp:include page="../decorator/footer.jsp"/>
</div>
</body>
</html>
附:1.表单提交必须是post方法,并且要加上enctype="multipart/form-data"。
2.当parseRequest方法处理请求过后,会返回一个FileItem的List,不论是表单上的文件域还是非文件域,都 会封闭成一个FileItem,要想获得非文件域的名称和值,可以使用getFieldName和getString方法。在这里我发
现,如果使用Spring提供的页面标签来绑定元素,是不起作用的,发现 以multipart/form-data与application/x-www-form-urlencoded的数据组织形式不一样,造成Spring无 法绑定。
以application/x-www-form-urlencoded形式发送的post数据结构:
以multipart/form-data形式发送的post数据结构: