Selenium 库学习笔记

#--*-- coding:utf-8  --*--
#selenium基本使用
# from selenium import webdriver
# from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
# from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
# from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
#
# browser=webdriver.Chrome()
# browser.get('https://www.baidu.com/')
# wait=WebDriverWait(browser,10)
# input=wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID,'q')))
# button=wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR,'.btn-search')))
# print(input,button)

若出现下面的错误，selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException:

 Message: 'chromedriver' executable needs to be in PATH.

提示chrome driver没有放置在正确的路径下，于是下载chrome dirver，放在python的scripts里面即可。

# from selenium import webdriver
# from selenium.webdriver.common.by import  By
# from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
# from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
# from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import  WebDriverWait
# import code
#
# #创建一个浏览器对象
# browser=webdriver.Chrome()
# try:
#     #开启一个浏览器并访问https://www.baidu.com
#     browser.get('https://www.baidu.com')
#     #在打开的网页响应中根据id查找元素   获取到查询框
#     input=browser.find_element_by_id('kw')
#     #想查询框中输入python
#     input.send_keys('Python')
#     #code.interact(local=locals())   #代码运行到此暂停
#     #模拟回车
#     input.send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
#     #显示等待，等待10秒
#     wait=WebDriverWait(browser,10)
#     #显示等待指定某个条件，然后设置最长等待时间。如果在这个时间还没有找到元素，那么便会跑出异常
#     wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID,'content_left')))
#     #输出当前的url
#     print(browser.current_url)
#     #输出Cookies
#     print(browser.get_cookies())
#     #输出页面响应内容
#     print(browser.page_source)
# finally:
#     pass
#     #关闭浏览器
#     browser.close()


#查找单个元素
# from selenium import webdriver
# #申明一个浏览器对象
# browser=webdriver.Chrome()
# #使用浏览器访问淘宝
# browser.get('https://www.taobao.com')
# #在响应结果中通过id查找元素
# input_first=browser.find_element_by_id('q')
# #在响应结果中通过css选择器查找元素
# input_second=browser.find_element_by_css_selector('#q')
# #在响应结果中通过xpath查找元素
# input_third=browser.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="q"]')
# print(input_first)
# print(input_second)
# print(input_third)
# browser.close()
#
# find_element_by_name   通过name查找
# find_element_by_xpath  通过xpath查找
# find_element_by_link_text   通过链接查找
# find_element_by_partial_link_text    通过部分链接查找
# find_element_by_tag_name   通过标签名称查找
# find_element_by_class_name   通过类名查找
# find_element_by_css_selector  通过css选择武器查找

# find_element_by_name  通过name查找
# find_element_by_xpath 通过xpath查找
# find_element_by_link_text 通过连接查找
# find_element_by_partial_link_text 通过部分连接查找
# find_element_by_tag_name 通过标签名称查找
# find_element_by_class_name 通过类名查找
# find_element_by_css_selector 通过css选择查找

# from selenium import webdriver
# from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
#
# browser=webdriver.Chrome()
# browser.get('https://www.taobao.com')
# #通过使用By.xxx指定查找方式
# input=browser.find_element(By.ID,'q')
# print(input)
# browser.close()

#多个元素
# from selenium import webdriver
# from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
#
# browser=webdriver.Chrome()
# browser.get('https://www.taobao.com')
# #根据选择查找多个元素
# input_first=browser.find_elements_by_css_selector('.service-bd li')
# input_second=browser.find_elements(By.CSS_SELECTOR,'.service-bd li')
# print(input_first)
# print(input_second)
# browser.close()


#元素交互操作
# import time
# from selenium import webdriver
# from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
#
# browser=webdriver.Chrome()
# browser.get('https://www.taobao.com')
# #根据ID查找元素
# input_search=browser.find_element(By.ID,'q')
# #模拟输入PSV到输入框
# input_search.send_keys('PSV')
# time.sleep(2)
# #清空输入
# input_search.clear()
# input_search.send_keys('3DS')
# button=browser.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME,'btn-search')
# #模拟点击
# button.click()

#交互动作
# from selenium import webdriver
# from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
#
# browser = webdriver.Chrome()
# url = 'http://www.runoob.com/try/try.php?filename=jqueryui-api-droppable'
# browser.get(url)
# # 切换id为iframeResult的frame
# browser.switch_to.frame('iframeResult')
# source = browser.find_element_by_css_selector('#draggable')
# target = browser.find_element_by_css_selector('#droppable')
# actions = ActionChains(browser)
# actions.drag_and_drop(source, target)
# actions.perform()

#执行JavaScript
# from selenium import webdriver
#
# # 申明一个浏览器对象
# browser = webdriver.Chrome()
# browser.get('https://www.zhihu.com/explore')
# # 执行JavaScript脚本
# browser.execute_script('window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight)')
# browser.execute_script('alert("To Bottom")')

#获取元素信息
#获取属性
# from selenium import webdriver
# from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
#
# # 申明一个浏览器对象
# browser = webdriver.Chrome()
# browser.get('https://www.zhihu.com/explore')
# logo = browser.find_element(By.ID,'zh-top-link-logo')
# # 获取属性
# print(logo.get_attribute('class'))
# print(logo)
# browser.close()

#获取文本值
# from selenium import webdriver
# from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
#
# # 申明一个浏览器对象
# browser = webdriver.Chrome()
# browser.get('https://www.zhihu.com/explore')
# submit = browser.find_element(By.ID,'zu-top-add-question')
# # 获取文本值
# print(submit.text)
# print(submit)
# browser.close()

#获取ID，位置，标签名，大小
# from selenium import webdriver
# from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
#
# # 申明一个浏览器对象
# browser = webdriver.Chrome()
# browser.get('https://www.zhihu.com/explore')
# submit = browser.find_element(By.ID,'zu-top-add-question')
# # 获取id   0.04584255991652042-1
# print(submit.id)
# # 获取位置  {'y': 7, 'x': 675}
# print(submit.location)
# # 获取标签名称    button
# print(submit.tag_name)
# # 获取大小  {'width': 66, 'height': 32}
# print(submit.size)
# browser.close()

#frame
# from selenium import webdriver
# from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
#
# browser = webdriver.Chrome()
# url = 'http://www.runoob.com/try/try.php?filename=jqueryui-api-droppable'
# browser.get(url)
# # 将操作的响应数据换成iframeResult
# browser.switch_to.frame('iframeResult')
# source = browser.find_element_by_css_selector('#draggable')
# print(source)
# try:
#     logo = browser.find_element_by_class_name('logo')
# except NoSuchElementException:
#     print('NO LOGO')
# # 切换成父元素
# browser.switch_to.parent_frame()
# logo = browser.find_element_by_class_name('logo')
# print(logo)
# print(logo.text)

#等待
#隐式等待
# from selenium import webdriver
#
# browser = webdriver.Chrome()
# # 等待10秒
# browser.implicitly_wait(10)
# browser.get('https://www.zhihu.com/explore')
# input = browser.find_element_by_class_name('zu-top-add-question')
# print(input)

#显示等待
#显式等待指定某个条件，然后设置最长等待时间。
# 如果在这个时间还没有找到元素，那么便会抛出异常了。
# from selenium import webdriver
# from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
#from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
# from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait

# browser = webdriver.Chrome()
# browser.get('https://www.taobao.com/')
# # 显示等待10s
# wait = WebDriverWait(browser, 10)
# # 等待直到元素加载出
# input = wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, 'q')))
# # 等待直到元素可点击
# button = wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, '.btn-search')))
# print(input, button)

#title_is 标题是某内容
# title_contains 标题包含某内容
# presence_of_element_located 元素加载出，传入定位元组，如(By.ID, 'p')
# visibility_of_element_located 元素可见，传入定位元组
# visibility_of 可见，传入元素对象
# presence_of_all_elements_located 所有元素加载出
# text_to_be_present_in_element 某个元素文本包含某文字
# text_to_be_present_in_element_value 某个元素值包含某文字
# frame_to_be_available_and_switch_to_it frame加载并切换
# invisibility_of_element_located 元素不可见
# element_to_be_clickable 元素可点击
# staleness_of 判断一个元素是否仍在DOM，可判断页面是否已经刷新
# element_to_be_selected 元素可选择，传元素对象
# element_located_to_be_selected 元素可选择，传入定位元组
# element_selection_state_to_be 传入元素对象以及状态，相等返回True，否则返回False
# element_located_selection_state_to_be 传入定位元组以及状态，相等返回True，否则返回False
# alert_is_present 是否出现Alert

#前进后退
# import time
# from selenium import webdriver
#
# browser = webdriver.Chrome()
# browser.get('https://www.baidu.com/')
# browser.get('https://www.taobao.com/')
# browser.get('https://www.python.org/')
# browser.back()
# time.sleep(1)
# browser.forward()
# browser.close()

#Cookies
# from selenium import webdriver
#
# browser = webdriver.Chrome()
# browser.get('https://www.zhihu.com/explore')
# # 获得cookies
# print(browser.get_cookies())
# # 添加cookie
# browser.add_cookie({'name': 'name', 'domain': 'www.zhihu.com', 'value': 'germey'})
# print(browser.get_cookies())
# # 删除所有cookies
# browser.delete_all_cookies()
# print(browser.get_cookies())

#选项卡管理
# import time
# from selenium import webdriver
#
# browser = webdriver.Chrome()
# browser.get('https://www.baidu.com')
# # 打开一个选项卡
# browser.execute_script('window.open()')
# print(browser.window_handles)
# # 选择第二个选项卡
# browser.switch_to_window(browser.window_handles[1])
# browser.get('https://www.taobao.com')
# time.sleep(1)
# browser.switch_to_window(browser.window_handles[0])
# browser.get('https://python.org')

#异常处理
# from selenium import webdriver
# from selenium.common.exceptions import TimeoutException, NoSuchElementException
#
# browser = webdriver.Chrome()
# try:
#     browser.get('https://www.baidu.com')
# except TimeoutException:
#     print('Time Out')
# try:
#     browser.find_element_by_id('hello')
# except NoSuchElementException:
#     print('No Element')
# finally:
#     browser.close()