设计模式系列之三：建造者模式

建造者，顾名思义，就是要从设计师的角度去建造一个产品，就像你造一个汽车，一部手机，这时候我们首先就需要众多零件，这些零件就是你所需要的类，同时还要合理的把这些零件组装带一起产生一个你需要的产品。

建造者模式的本质是分离了对象自组建的单独构造（由Builder来负责）和装配（由Director来负责），从而可以构造出复杂的对象。由于实现了构造和装配的解耦，不同的构造器，相同的装配过程也会产生不同的结果，不同的装配顺序也会产生不同的结果。

以制造手机为例，现在我们需要的零件（类）有主板，摄像机，屏幕

package com.panda.build;

public class Phone {
	private Camera camera;
	private Screen screen;
	private Mainboard mainboard;
	public Phone(Camera camera, Screen screen, Mainboard mainboard) {
		super();
		this.camera = camera;
		this.screen = screen;
		this.mainboard = mainboard;
	}
	public Phone() {
		super();
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public Camera getCamera() {
		return camera;
	}
	public void setCamera(Camera camera) {
		this.camera = camera;
	}
	public Screen getScreen() {
		return screen;
	}
	public void setScreen(Screen screen) {
		this.screen = screen;
	}
	public Mainboard getMainboard() {
		return mainboard;
	}
	public void setMainboard(Mainboard mainboard) {
		this.mainboard = mainboard;
	}
}

class Camera{
	private String name;

	
	public Camera(String name) {
		super();
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	
}
class Screen{
	private String name;

	public Screen(String name) {
		super();
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	
}
class Mainboard{
	private String anme;

	public Mainboard(String anme) {
		super();
		this.anme = anme;
	}

	public String getAnme() {
		return anme;
	}

	public void setAnme(String anme) {
		this.anme = anme;
	}
	
}

一个构造器接口和实现类

package com.panda.build;

public interface PhoneBuilder {
	Camera getCamera();
	Screen getScreen();
	Mainboard getMainboard();
}

package com.panda.build;

public class PhoneBuilderImpl implements PhoneBuilder{

	@Override
	public Camera getCamera() {
		Camera c = new Camera("莱卡");
		return c;
	}

	@Override
	public Screen getScreen() {
		Screen s = new Screen("飞利浦");
		return s;
	}

	@Override
	public Mainboard getMainboard() {
		Mainboard m = new Mainboard("华为");
		return m;
	}

}

一个装配器接口和实现类

package com.panda.build;


public interface PhoneDirector {
	Phone getPhone();
}

package com.panda.build;

public class PhoneDirectorImpl implements PhoneDirector{
	private PhoneBuilder pBuilder;
	
	public PhoneDirectorImpl(PhoneBuilder pBuilder) {
		super();
		this.pBuilder = pBuilder;
	}

	@Override
	public Phone getPhone() {
		Phone phone = new Phone();
		phone.setCamera(pBuilder.getCamera());
		phone.setScreen(pBuilder.getScreen());
		phone.setMainboard(pBuilder.getMainboard());
		return phone;
	}
}

然后进行测试

package com.panda.build;

public class TestPhone {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Phone phone = new PhoneDirectorImpl(new PhoneBuilderImpl()).getPhone();
		phone.getCamera();
		System.out.println(phone.getCamera().getName());
	}
}

结果：