前置技术：MongoDB GridFS

1. 前置技术：MongoDB GridFS

1.1 GridFS概述

1.1.1 什么是GridFS

• GridFS是MongoDB提供的用于持久化存储文件的模块，CMS使用MongoDB存储数据，使用GridFS可以快速集成开发

1.1.2 工作原理

• 在GridFS存储文件是将文件分块存储，文件会按照256KB的大小分割成多个块进行存储，GridFS使用两个集合（collection）存储文件：

  • a. 一个集合是chunks, 用于存储文件的二进制数据

  • b. 一个集合是files，用于存储文件的元数据信息（文件名称、块大小、上传时间等信息）

  • 从GridFS中读取文件要对文件的各各块进行组装、合并

1.2 GridFS保存文件

• 使用GridFsTemplate存储文件

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = TestApplication.class)
public class TestGridFS {

    @Resource
    private GridFsTemplate gridFsTemplate;

    @Test
    public void testStore() throws FileNotFoundException {
        //要存储的文件
        File file = new File("D:/Chenchen/index.html");
        //定义输入流
        FileInputStream inputStram = new FileInputStream(file);
        //向GridFS存储文件
        ObjectId objectId = gridFsTemplate.store(inputStram, "首页测试001", "");
        //得到文件ID
        System.out.println(objectId);
    }
}

1.3 GridFS读取文件

package com.czxy.xuecheng;

import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.MongoClientURI;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
import com.mongodb.client.gridfs.GridFSBucket;
import com.mongodb.client.gridfs.GridFSBuckets;
import com.mongodb.client.gridfs.GridFSDownloadStream;
import com.mongodb.client.gridfs.model.GridFSFile;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.bson.types.ObjectId;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Criteria;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Query;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.gridfs.GridFsResource;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.gridfs.GridFsTemplate;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = TestApplication.class)
public class TestGridFS {

    @Resource
    private GridFsTemplate gridFsTemplate;


    @Test
    public void testFind() {
        String id = "5f01f90bdd7fae00c06388d4";
        Query query = Query.query(Criteria.where("_id").is(id));
        GridFSFile gridFSFile = gridFsTemplate.find(query).first();
        System.out.println(gridFSFile.getFilename());

    }
    @Test
    public void testFindAll(){
        GridFsResource[] resources = gridFsTemplate.getResources("*");
        for (GridFsResource gfr : resources) {
            System.out.println(gfr.getFilename());
        }
    }
}

1.4 GridFS下载

package com.czxy.xuecheng;

import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.MongoClientURI;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
import com.mongodb.client.gridfs.GridFSBucket;
import com.mongodb.client.gridfs.GridFSBuckets;
import com.mongodb.client.gridfs.GridFSDownloadStream;
import com.mongodb.client.gridfs.model.GridFSFile;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.bson.types.ObjectId;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Criteria;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Query;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.gridfs.GridFsResource;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.gridfs.GridFsTemplate;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = TestApplication.class)
public class TestGridFS {

    @Resource
    private GridFsTemplate gridFsTemplate;

    @Test
    public void testDownload() throws IOException {
        //创建mongodb 客户端
        MongoClientURI connectionString = new MongoClientURI("mongodb://root:root@localhost:27017");
        MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient(connectionString);
        // 获得数据库
        MongoDatabase database = mongoClient.getDatabase("demo");
        // 根据数据库获得bucket
        GridFSBucket gridFSBucket = GridFSBuckets.create(database);

        // 查询
        String id = "5f01f90bdd7fae00c06388d4";
        GridFSFile gridFSFile = gridFsTemplate.findOne(Query.query(Criteria.where("_id").is(id)));

        //打开一个下载流对象
        GridFSDownloadStream gridFSDownloadStream = gridFSBucket.openDownloadStream(gridFSFile.getObjectId());
        //创建GridFsResource对象，获取流
        GridFsResource gridFsResource = new GridFsResource(gridFSFile, gridFSDownloadStream);

        //获得流，并操作
        String content = IOUtils.toString(gridFsResource.getInputStream(), "utf-8");
        System.out.println(content);
    }
}