Oracle Database 11G GRID维护命令全解

Clusterware 资源状态检查
下面的命令列出所有集群资源的状态：

$ ./crsctl status resource -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME           TARGET  STATE        SERVER                   STATE_DETAILS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.DATADG.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       racbde1
               ONLINE  ONLINE       racbde2
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       racbde1
               ONLINE  ONLINE       racbde2
ora.SYSTEMDG.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       racbde1
               ONLINE  ONLINE       racbde2
ora.asm
               ONLINE  ONLINE       racbde1                  Started
               ONLINE  ONLINE       racbde2                  Started
ora.eons
               ONLINE  ONLINE       racbde1
               ONLINE  ONLINE       racbde2
ora.gsd
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      racbde1
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      racbde2
ora.net1.network
               ONLINE  ONLINE       racbde1
               ONLINE  ONLINE       racbde2
ora.ons
               ONLINE  ONLINE       racbde1
               ONLINE  ONLINE       racbde2
ora.registry.acfs
               ONLINE  ONLINE       racbde1
               ONLINE  ONLINE       racbde2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       racbde1
ora.LISTENER_SCAN2.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       racbde2
ora.LISTENER_SCAN3.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       racbde2
ora.oc4j
      1        OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.rac.db
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       racbde1                  Open
      2        ONLINE  ONLINE       racbde2                  Open
ora.racbde1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       racbde1
ora.racbde2.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       racbde2
ora.scan1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       racbde1
ora.scan2.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       racbde2
ora.scan3.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       racbde2
Clusterware 资源管理
Srvctl 和 crsctl 可以用来管理集群资源。一个简单的原则就是尽量使用 srvctl 来管理资源。 Crsctl 只应该用来做 srvctl 无法操作的情况（比如启动集群）。两者都有 help 功能列出所有的使用语法。

注意，下面仅列出可用的 srvctl 语法，关于这些命令的更多解释，请参照文档 Oracle Documentation。

Srvctl 语法：

$ srvctl -h
Usage: srvctl [-V]
Usage: srvctl add database -d <db_unique_name> -o <oracle_home> [-m <domain_name>] [-p <spfile>] [-r {PRIMARY | PHYSICAL_STANDBY | LOGICAL_STANDBY | SNAPSHOT_STANDBY}] [-s <start_options>] [-t <stop_options>] [-n <db_name>] [-y {AUTOMATIC | MANUAL}] [-g "<serverpool_list>"] [-x <node_name>] [-a "<diskgroup_list>"]
Usage: srvctl config database [-d <db_unique_name> [-a] ]
Usage: srvctl start database -d <db_unique_name> [-o <start_options>]
Usage: srvctl stop database -d <db_unique_name> [-o <stop_options>] [-f]
Usage: srvctl status database -d <db_unique_name> [-f] [-v]
Usage: srvctl enable database -d <db_unique_name> [-n <node_name>]
Usage: srvctl disable database -d <db_unique_name> [-n <node_name>]
Usage: srvctl modify database -d <db_unique_name> [-n <db_name>] [-o <oracle_home>] [-u <oracle_user>] [-m <domain>] [-p <spfile>] [-r {PRIMARY | PHYSICAL_STANDBY | LOGICAL_STANDBY | SNAPSHOT_STANDBY}] [-s <start_options>] [-t <stop_options>] [-y {AUTOMATIC | MANUAL}] [-g "<serverpool_list>" [-x <node_name>]] [-a "<diskgroup_list>"|-z]
Usage: srvctl remove database -d <db_unique_name> [-f] [-y]
Usage: srvctl getenv database -d <db_unique_name> [-t "<name_list>"]
Usage: srvctl setenv database -d <db_unique_name> {-t <name>=<val>[,<name>=<val>,...] | -T <name>=<val>}
Usage: srvctl unsetenv database -d <db_unique_name> -t "<name_list>"

Usage: srvctl add instance -d <db_unique_name> -i <inst_name> -n <node_name> [-f]
Usage: srvctl start instance -d <db_unique_name> {-n <node_name> [-i <inst_name>] | -i <inst_name_list>} [-o <start_options>]
Usage: srvctl stop instance -d <db_unique_name> {-n <node_name> | -i <inst_name_list>}  [-o <stop_options>] [-f]
Usage: srvctl status instance -d <db_unique_name> {-n <node_name> | -i <inst_name_list>} [-f] [-v]
Usage: srvctl enable instance -d <db_unique_name> -i "<inst_name_list>"
Usage: srvctl disable instance -d <db_unique_name> -i "<inst_name_list>"
Usage: srvctl modify instance -d <db_unique_name> -i <inst_name> { -n <node_name> | -z }
Usage: srvctl remove instance -d <db_unique_name> [-i <inst_name>] [-f] [-y]

Usage: srvctl add service -d <db_unique_name> -s <service_name> {-r "<preferred_list>" [-a "<available_list>"] [-P {BASIC | NONE | PRECONNECT}] | -g <server_pool> [-c {UNIFORM | SINGLETON}] } [-k   <net_num>] [-l [PRIMARY][,PHYSICAL_STANDBY][,LOGICAL_STANDBY][,SNAPSHOT_STANDBY]] [-y {AUTOMATIC | MANUAL}] [-q {TRUE|FALSE}] [-x {TRUE|FALSE}] [-j {SHORT|LONG}] [-B {NONE|SERVICE_TIME|THROUGHPUT}] [-e {NONE|SESSION|SELECT}] [-m {NONE|BASIC}] [-z <failover_retries>] [-w <failover_delay>]
Usage: srvctl add service -d <db_unique_name> -s <service_name> -u {-r "<new_pref_inst>" | -a "<new_avail_inst>"}
Usage: srvctl config service -d <db_unique_name> [-s <service_name>] [-a]
Usage: srvctl enable service -d <db_unique_name> -s "<service_name_list>" [-i <inst_name> | -n <node_name>]
Usage: srvctl disable service -d <db_unique_name> -s "<service_name_list>" [-i <inst_name> | -n <node_name>]
Usage: srvctl status service -d <db_unique_name> [-s "<service_name_list>"] [-f] [-v]
Usage: srvctl modify service -d <db_unique_name> -s <service_name> -i <old_inst_name> -t <new_inst_name> [-f]
Usage: srvctl modify service -d <db_unique_name> -s <service_name> -i <avail_inst_name> -r [-f]
Usage: srvctl modify service -d <db_unique_name> -s <service_name> -n -i "<preferred_list>" [-a "<available_list>"] [-f]
Usage: srvctl modify service -d <db_unique_name> -s <service_name> [-c {UNIFORM | SINGLETON}] [-P {BASIC|PRECONNECT|NONE}] [-l [PRIMARY][,PHYSICAL_STANDBY][,LOGICAL_STANDBY][,SNAPSHOT_STANDBY]] [-y {AUTOMATIC | MANUAL}][-q {true|false}] [-x {true|false}] [-j {SHORT|LONG}] [-B {NONE|SERVICE_TIME|THROUGHPUT}] [-e {NONE|SESSION|SELECT}] [-m {NONE|BASIC}] [-z <integer>] [-w <integer>]
Usage: srvctl relocate service -d <db_unique_name> -s <service_name> {-i <old_inst_name> -t <new_inst_name> | -c <current_node> -n <target_node>} [-f]
       Specify instances for an administrator-managed database, or nodes for a policy managed database
Usage: srvctl remove service -d <db_unique_name> -s <service_name> [-i <inst_name>] [-f]
Usage: srvctl start service -d <db_unique_name> [-s "<service_name_list>" [-n <node_name> | -i <inst_name>] ] [-o <start_options>]
Usage: srvctl stop service -d <db_unique_name> [-s "<service_name_list>" [-n <node_name> | -i <inst_name>] ] [-f]

Usage: srvctl add nodeapps { { -n <node_name> -A <name|ip>/<netmask>/[if1[|if2...]] } | { -S <subnet>/<netmask>/[if1[|if2...]] } } [-p <portnum>] [-m <multicast-ip-address>] [-e <eons-listen-port>] [-l <ons-local-port>]  [-r <ons-remote-port>] [-t <host>[:<port>][,<host>[:<port>]...]] [-v]
Usage: srvctl config nodeapps [-a] [-g] [-s] [-e]
Usage: srvctl modify nodeapps {[-n <node_name> -A <new_vip_address>/<netmask>[/if1[|if2|...]]] | [-S <subnet>/<netmask>[/if1[|if2|...]]]} [-m <multicast-ip-address>] [-p <multicast-portnum>] [-e <eons-listen-port>] [ -l <ons-local-port> ] [-r <ons-remote-port> ] [-t <host>[:<port>][,<host>[:<port>]...]] [-v]
Usage: srvctl start nodeapps [-n <node_name>] [-v]
Usage: srvctl stop nodeapps [-n <node_name>] [-f] [-r] [-v]
Usage: srvctl status nodeapps
Usage: srvctl enable nodeapps [-v]
Usage: srvctl disable nodeapps [-v]
Usage: srvctl remove nodeapps [-f] [-y] [-v]
Usage: srvctl getenv nodeapps [-a] [-g] [-s] [-e] [-t "<name_list>"]
Usage: srvctl setenv nodeapps {-t "<name>=<val>[,<name>=<val>,...]" | -T "<name>=<val>"}
Usage: srvctl unsetenv nodeapps -t "<name_list>" [-v]

Usage: srvctl add vip -n <node_name> -k <network_number> -A <name|ip>/<netmask>/[if1[|if2...]] [-v]
Usage: srvctl config vip { -n <node_name> | -i <vip_name> }
Usage: srvctl disable vip -i <vip_name> [-v]
Usage: srvctl enable vip -i <vip_name> [-v]
Usage: srvctl remove vip -i "<vip_name_list>" [-f] [-y] [-v]
Usage: srvctl getenv vip -i <vip_name> [-t "<name_list>"]
Usage: srvctl start vip { -n <node_name> | -i <vip_name> } [-v]
Usage: srvctl stop vip { -n <node_name>  | -i <vip_name> } [-f] [-r] [-v]
Usage: srvctl status vip { -n <node_name> | -i <vip_name> }
Usage: srvctl setenv vip -i <vip_name> {-t "<name>=<val>[,<name>=<val>,...]" | -T "<name>=<val>"}
Usage: srvctl unsetenv vip -i <vip_name> -t "<name_list>" [-v]

Usage: srvctl add asm [-l <lsnr_name>]
Usage: srvctl start asm [-n <node_name>] [-o <start_options>]
Usage: srvctl stop asm [-n <node_name>] [-o <stop_options>] [-f]
Usage: srvctl config asm [-a]
Usage: srvctl status asm [-n <node_name>] [-a]
Usage: srvctl enable asm [-n <node_name>]
Usage: srvctl disable asm [-n <node_name>]
Usage: srvctl modify asm [-l <lsnr_name>]
Usage: srvctl remove asm [-f]
Usage: srvctl getenv asm [-t <name>[, ...]]
Usage: srvctl setenv asm -t "<name>=<val> [,...]" | -T "<name>=<value>"
Usage: srvctl unsetenv asm -t "<name>[, ...]"

Usage: srvctl start diskgroup -g <dg_name> [-n "<node_list>"]
Usage: srvctl stop diskgroup -g <dg_name> [-n "<node_list>"] [-f]
Usage: srvctl status diskgroup -g <dg_name> [-n "<node_list>"] [-a]
Usage: srvctl enable diskgroup -g <dg_name> [-n "<node_list>"]
Usage: srvctl disable diskgroup -g <dg_name> [-n "<node_list>"]
Usage: srvctl remove diskgroup -g <dg_name> [-f]

Usage: srvctl add listener [-l <lsnr_name>] [-s] [-p "[TCP:]<port>[, ...][/IPC:<key>][/NMP:<pipe_name>][/TCPS:<s_port>] [/SDP:<port>]"] [-o <oracle_home>] [-k <net_num>]
Usage: srvctl config listener [-l <lsnr_name>] [-a]
Usage: srvctl start listener [-l <lsnr_name>] [-n <node_name>]
Usage: srvctl stop listener [-l <lsnr_name>] [-n <node_name>] [-f]
Usage: srvctl status listener [-l <lsnr_name>] [-n <node_name>]
Usage: srvctl enable listener [-l <lsnr_name>] [-n <node_name>]
Usage: srvctl disable listener [-l <lsnr_name>] [-n <node_name>]
Usage: srvctl modify listener [-l <lsnr_name>] [-o <oracle_home>] [-p "[TCP:]<port>[, ...][/IPC:<key>][/NMP:<pipe_name>][/TCPS:<s_port>] [/SDP:<port>]"] [-u <oracle_user>] [-k <net_num>]
Usage: srvctl remove listener [-l <lsnr_name> | -a] [-f]
Usage: srvctl getenv listener [-l <lsnr_name>] [-t <name>[, ...]]
Usage: srvctl setenv listener [-l <lsnr_name>] -t "<name>=<val> [,...]" | -T "<name>=<value>"
Usage: srvctl unsetenv listener [-l <lsnr_name>] -t "<name>[, ...]"

Usage: srvctl add scan -n <scan_name> [-k <network_number> [-S <subnet>/<netmask>[/if1[|if2|...]]]]
Usage: srvctl config scan [-i <ordinal_number>]
Usage: srvctl start scan [-i <ordinal_number>] [-n <node_name>]
Usage: srvctl stop scan [-i <ordinal_number>] [-f]
Usage: srvctl relocate scan -i <ordinal_number> [-n <node_name>]
Usage: srvctl status scan [-i <ordinal_number>]
Usage: srvctl enable scan [-i <ordinal_number>]
Usage: srvctl disable scan [-i <ordinal_number>]
Usage: srvctl modify scan -n <scan_name>
Usage: srvctl remove scan [-f] [-y]
Usage: srvctl add scan_listener [-l <lsnr_name_prefix>] [-s] [-p [TCP:]<port>[/IPC:<key>][/NMP:<pipe_name>][/TCPS:<s_port>] [/SDP:<port>]]
Usage: srvctl config scan_listener [-i <ordinal_number>]
Usage: srvctl start scan_listener [-n <node_name>] [-i <ordinal_number>]
Usage: srvctl stop scan_listener [-i <ordinal_number>] [-f]
Usage: srvctl relocate scan_listener -i <ordinal_number> [-n <node_name>]
Usage: srvctl status scan_listener [-i <ordinal_number>]
Usage: srvctl enable scan_listener [-i <ordinal_number>]
Usage: srvctl disable scan_listener [-i <ordinal_number>]
Usage: srvctl modify scan_listener {-u|-p [TCP:]<port>[/IPC:<key>][/NMP:<pipe_name>][/TCPS:<s_port>] [/SDP:<port>]}
Usage: srvctl remove scan_listener [-f] [-y]

Usage: srvctl add srvpool -g <pool_name> [-l <min>] [-u <max>] [-i <importance>] [-n "<server_list>"]
Usage: srvctl config srvpool [-g <pool_name>]
Usage: srvctl status srvpool [-g <pool_name>] [-a]
Usage: srvctl status server -n "<server_list>" [-a]
Usage: srvctl relocate server -n "<server_list>" -g <pool_name> [-f]
Usage: srvctl modify srvpool -g <pool_name> [-l <min>] [-u <max>] [-i <importance>] [-n "<server_list>"]
Usage: srvctl remove srvpool -g <pool_name>

Usage: srvctl add oc4j [-v]
Usage: srvctl config oc4j
Usage: srvctl start oc4j [-v]
Usage: srvctl stop oc4j [-f] [-v]
Usage: srvctl relocate oc4j [-n <node_name>] [-v]
Usage: srvctl status oc4j [-n <node_name>]
Usage: srvctl enable oc4j [-n <node_name>] [-v]
Usage: srvctl disable oc4j [-n <node_name>] [-v]
Usage: srvctl modify oc4j -p <oc4j_rmi_port> [-v]
Usage: srvctl remove oc4j [-f] [-v]

Usage: srvctl start home -o <oracle_home> -s <state_file> -n <node_name>
Usage: srvctl stop home -o <oracle_home> -s <state_file> -n <node_name> [-t <stop_options>] [-f]
Usage: srvctl status home -o <oracle_home> -s <state_file> -n <node_name>

Usage: srvctl add filesystem -d <volume_device> -v <volume_name> -g <dg_name> [-m <mountpoint_path>] [-u <user>]
Usage: srvctl config filesystem -d <volume_device>
Usage: srvctl start filesystem -d <volume_device> [-n <node_name>]
Usage: srvctl stop filesystem -d <volume_device> [-n <node_name>] [-f]
Usage: srvctl status filesystem -d <volume_device>
Usage: srvctl enable filesystem -d <volume_device>
Usage: srvctl disable filesystem -d <volume_device>
Usage: srvctl modify filesystem -d <volume_device> -u <user>
Usage: srvctl remove filesystem -d <volume_device> [-f]

Usage: srvctl start gns [-v] [-l <log_level>] [-n <node_name>]
Usage: srvctl stop gns [-v] [-n <node_name>] [-f]
Usage: srvctl config gns [-v] [-a] [-d] [-k] [-m] [-n <node_name>] [-p] [-s] [-V]
Usage: srvctl status gns -n <node_name>
Usage: srvctl enable gns [-v] [-n <node_name>]
Usage: srvctl disable gns [-v] [-n <node_name>]
Usage: srvctl relocate gns [-v] [-n <node_name>] [-f]
Usage: srvctl add gns [-v] -d <domain> -i <vip_name|ip> [-k <network_number> [-S <subnet>/<netmask>[/<interface>]]]
srvctl modify gns [-v] [-f] [-l <log_level>] [-d <domain>] [-i <ip_address>] [-N <name> -A <address>] [-D <name> -A <address>] [-c <name> -a <alias>] [-u <alias>] [-r <address>] [-V <name>] [-F <forwarded_domains>] [-R <refused_domains>] [-X <excluded_interfaces>]
Usage: srvctl remove gns [-f] [-d <domain_name>]

Crsctl 语法（关于这些命令的更多解释，请参考文档 Oracle Documentation）

$ ./crsctl -h
Usage: crsctl add       - add a resource, type or other entity
       crsctl check     - check a service, resource or other entity
       crsctl config    - output autostart configuration
       crsctl debug     - obtain or modify debug state
       crsctl delete    - delete a resource, type or other entity
       crsctl disable   - disable autostart
       crsctl enable    - enable autostart
       crsctl get       - get an entity value
       crsctl getperm   - get entity permissions
       crsctl lsmodules - list debug modules
       crsctl modify    - modify a resource, type or other entity
       crsctl query     - query service state
       crsctl pin       - Pin the nodes in the nodelist
       crsctl relocate  - relocate a resource, server or other entity
       crsctl replace   - replaces the location of voting files
       crsctl setperm   - set entity permissions
       crsctl set       - set an entity value
       crsctl start     - start a resource, server or other entity
       crsctl status    - get status of a resource or other entity
       crsctl stop      - stop a resource, server or other entity
       crsctl unpin     - unpin the nodes in the nodelist
       crsctl unset     - unset a entity value, restoring its default

关于每个命令的更多语法，运行"crsctl <command> -h"来得到。

OCRCONFIG 选项
注意，下面仅列出可用的 ocrconfig 语法，关于这些命令的更多解释，请参照文档 Oracle Documentation。
 

$ ./ocrconfig -help
Name:
        ocrconfig - Configuration tool for Oracle Cluster/Local Registry.

Synopsis:
        ocrconfig [option]
        option:
                [-local] -export <filename>
                                                    - Export OCR/OLR contents to a file
                [-local] -import <filename>         - Import OCR/OLR contents from a file
                [-local] -upgrade [<user> [<group>]]
                                                    - Upgrade OCR from previous version
                -downgrade [-version <version string>]
                                                    - Downgrade OCR to the specified version
                [-local] -backuploc <dirname>       - Configure OCR/OLR backup location
                [-local] -showbackup [auto|manual]  - Show OCR/OLR backup information
                [-local] -manualbackup              - Perform OCR/OLR backup
                [-local] -restore <filename>        - Restore OCR/OLR from physical backup
                -replace <current filename> -replacement <new filename>
                                                    - Replace a OCR device/file <filename1> with <filename2>
                -add <filename>                     - Add a new OCR device/file
                -delete <filename>                  - Remove a OCR device/file
                -overwrite                          - Overwrite OCR configuration on disk
                -repair -add <filename> | -delete <filename> | -replace <current filename> -replacement <new filename>
                                                    - Repair OCR configuration on the local node
                -help                               - Print out this help information

Note:
        * A log file will be created in
        $ORACLE_HOME/log/<hostname>/client/ocrconfig_<pid>.log. Please ensure
        you have file creation privileges in the above directory before
        running this tool.
        * Only -local -showbackup [manual] is supported.
        * Use option '-local' to indicate that the operation is to be performed on the Oracle Local Registry
 

OLSNODES 选项
注意，下面仅列出可用的 olsnodes 语法，关于这些命令的更多解释，请参照文档 Oracle Documentation。
 

$ ./olsnodes -h
Usage: olsnodes [ [-n] [-i] [-s] [-t] [<node> | -l [-p]] | [-c] ] [-g] [-v]
        where
                -n print node number with the node name
                -p print private interconnect address for the local node
                -i print virtual IP address with the node name
                <node> print information for the specified node
                -l print information for the local node
                -s print node status - active or inactive
                -t print node type - pinned or unpinned
                -g turn on logging
                -v Run in debug mode; use at direction of Oracle Support only.
                -c print clusterware name
 

Cluster Verification 选项
注意，下面仅列出可用的 cluvfy 语法，关于这些命令的更多解释，请参照文档 Oracle Documentation。

组件选项：

$ ./cluvfy comp -list

USAGE:
cluvfy comp  <component-name> <component-specific options>  [-verbose]

Valid components are:
        nodereach : checks reachability between nodes
        nodecon   : checks node connectivity
        cfs       : checks CFS integrity
        ssa       : checks shared storage accessibility
        space     : checks space availability
        sys       : checks minimum system requirements
        clu       : checks cluster integrity
        clumgr    : checks cluster manager integrity
        ocr       : checks OCR integrity
        olr       : checks OLR integrity
        ha        : checks HA integrity
        crs       : checks CRS integrity
        nodeapp   : checks node applications existence
        admprv    : checks administrative privileges
        peer      : compares properties with peers
        software  : checks software distribution
        asm       : checks ASM integrity
        acfs       : checks ACFS integrity
        gpnp      : checks GPnP integrity
        gns       : checks GNS integrity
        scan      : checks SCAN configuration
        ohasd     : checks OHASD integrity
        clocksync      : checks Clock Synchronization
        vdisk      : check Voting Disk Udev settings


Stage 选项：

$ ./cluvfy stage -list

USAGE:
cluvfy stage {-pre|-post} <stage-name> <stage-specific options>  [-verbose]

Valid stage options and stage names are:
        -post hwos    :  post-check for hardware and operating system
        -pre  cfs     :  pre-check for CFS setup
        -post cfs     :  post-check for CFS setup
        -pre  crsinst :  pre-check for CRS installation
        -post crsinst :  post-check for CRS installation
        -pre  hacfg   :  pre-check for HA configuration
        -post hacfg   :  post-check for HA configuration
        -pre  dbinst  :  pre-check for database installation
        -pre  acfscfg  :  pre-check for ACFS Configuration.
        -post acfscfg  :  post-check for ACFS Configuration.
        -pre  dbcfg   :  pre-check for database configuration
        -pre  nodeadd :  pre-check for node addition.
        -post nodeadd :  post-check for node addition.
        -post nodedel :  post-check for node deletion.