PAT (Advanced Level) Practice 1017 Queueing at Bank(25分)【模拟:时间处理、优先队列】

Suppose a bank has K K K windows open for service. There is a yellow line in front of the windows which devides the waiting area into two parts. All the customers have to wait in line behind the yellow line, until it is his/her turn to be served and there is a window available. It is assumed that no window can be occupied by a single customer for more than 1 hour.

Now given the arriving time T T T and the processing time P P P of each customer, you are supposed to tell the average waiting time of all the customers.

Input Specification:

Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line contains 2 numbers: N ( ≤ 1 0 4 ) N (≤10^4) N(104) - the total number of customers, and K ( ≤ 100 ) K (≤100) K(100) - the number of windows. Then N N N lines follow, each contains 2 times: HH:MM:SS - the arriving time, and P P P - the processing time in minutes of a customer. Here HHis in the range [00, 23], MM and SS are both in [00, 59]. It is assumed that no two customers arrives at the same time.

Notice that the bank opens from 08:00 to 17:00. Anyone arrives early will have to wait in line till 08:00, and anyone comes too late (at or after 17:00:01) will not be served nor counted into the average.

Output Specification:

For each test case, print in one line the average waiting time of all the customers, in minutes and accurate up to 1 decimal place.

Sample Input:

7 3
07:55:00 16
17:00:01 2
07:59:59 15
08:01:00 60
08:00:00 30
08:00:02 2
08:03:00 10

Sample Output:

8.2

题意

银行有k个窗口,有n名用户,给出每名用户的到达时间和服务时间,但是服务时间上限是1小时。银行在8点开始服务,如果有窗口空闲就会进行服务,如果没有窗口空闲就站在黄线外等待。如果一个用户在17点前还没有开始服务,他就不会被服务。计算客户的平均等待时间。

思路

首先按照客户的到达顺序排序。当有客户到达时,选择最先空闲的窗口服务这名客户。如果在客户到达时有多个窗口空闲,选择哪个都可以,这里规定选择最先空闲的窗口,这并不影响平均等待时间。

代码

#include <iostream>
#include <queue>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

#define time2Second(h, m, s) (((h) * 60 + (m)) * 60 + (s))

struct customer {
    int arriveTime, processTime;

    bool operator<(const customer &x) const {
        return arriveTime < x.arriveTime;
    }
};

int n, k;
customer customers[10005];

int main() {
    scanf("%d %d\n", &n, &k);
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        int h, m, s;
        scanf("%d:%d:%d %d", &h, &m, &s, &customers[i].processTime);

        customers[i].arriveTime = time2Second(h, m, s);
        if (customers[i].processTime > 60) customers[i].processTime = 3600;
        else customers[i].processTime *= 60;
    }

    sort(customers, customers + n);

    int startTime = time2Second(8, 0, 0);
    int endTime = time2Second(17, 0, 0);

    // 用优先队列得到最先空闲的窗口
    priority_queue<int, vector<int>, greater<int>> pq;
    for (int i = 0; i < k; ++i) pq.push(startTime);

    int serveCnt = 0;
    double totalWaitTime = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        if (customers[i].arriveTime > endTime) break;

        int availableTime = pq.top();
        pq.pop();

        ++serveCnt;

        int serveTime = max(availableTime, customers[i].arriveTime);
        totalWaitTime += serveTime - customers[i].arriveTime;
        availableTime = serveTime + customers[i].processTime;

        pq.push(availableTime);
    }

    if (totalWaitTime == 0) printf("0.0\n");
    else printf("%.1f", totalWaitTime / serveCnt / 60);
}
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