C++使用内存映射文件入门

本文介绍如何使用CreateFileMapping,MapViewOfFile创建内存映射文件，如何向内存映射文件中写入数据，读取数据。

#include <iostream> #include <assert.h>   #include <Windows.h> #include <WinBase.h>   #define BAD_POS 0xFFFFFFFF // returned by SetFilePointer and GetFileSize #define SUCCESS 0 using namespace std;     typedef DWORD mmf_share_mode; typedef DWORD mmf_access_mode; typedef DWORD mmf_flags;     int main(){     cout<<"create memorymapfile..."<<endl;     const char* shared_name = "testMmf";     const char* file_name = "d:\\testMmf.mmf";     const DWORD mmf_size = 512*1024;     //存取模式     mmf_access_mode access_mode = (GENERIC_READ|GENERIC_WRITE);     //共享模式     mmf_share_mode share_mode = FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE;     //文件属性     mmf_flags flags = FILE_FLAG_SEQUENTIAL_SCAN;//|FILE_FLAG_WRITE_THROUGH|FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING;     DWORD error_code;           //创建文件     HANDLE mmHandle =         CreateFile(file_name,              access_mode,              share_mode,              NULL,              OPEN_ALWAYS,              flags,              NULL);       if (mmHandle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {         error_code = GetLastError();         cout<<"创建mmf失败:"<<error_code<<endl;     }else{         DWORD high_size;         DWORD file_size = GetFileSize(mmHandle, &high_size);         if (file_size == BAD_POS && (error_code = GetLastError()) != SUCCESS) {             CloseHandle(mmHandle);                        cout<<"error："<<error_code<<endl;         }         cout<<"create mmf sucessfully"<<endl;           //assert(file_size == 0);           DWORD size_high = 0;         //创建文件映射，如果要创建内存页面文件的映射，第一个参数设置为INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE         HANDLE mmfm = CreateFileMapping(mmHandle,             NULL,             PAGE_READWRITE,             size_high,             mmf_size,             shared_name);           error_code = GetLastError();         if(SUCCESS != error_code){             cout<<"createFileMapping error"<<error_code<<endl;         }else{             if(mmfm == NULL){                 if(mmHandle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE){                     CloseHandle(mmHandle);                 }             }else{                 //char write_chars[] = "hello chars";                 //size_t position = 0;                 //DWORD written = 0;                 //const size_t write_chars_size = sizeof(write_chars);                 //WriteFile(mmHandle,write_chars,write_chars_size,&written,NULL);                 size_t view_size = 1024*256;                 DWORD view_access = FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS;                   //获得映射视图                 char* mmfm_base_address = (char*)MapViewOfFile(mmfm,view_access,0,0,view_size);                 if(mmfm_base_address == NULL){                     error_code = GetLastError();                     if(error_code != SUCCESS){                         cout<<"error code "<<error_code<<endl;                     }                 }else{                     char write_chars[] = "hello chars";                     const size_t write_chars_size = sizeof(write_chars);                     //向内存映射视图中写数据                     CopyMemory((PVOID)mmfm_base_address, write_chars, write_chars_size);                       //memcpy(mmfm_base_address,write_chars,write_chars_size);                                           size_t position = 0;                     char read_chars[write_chars_size];                       //读数据                     memcpy(read_chars,mmfm_base_address,write_chars_size);                     cout<<"read chars "<<read_chars<<endl;                                           //卸载映射                     UnmapViewOfFile(mmfm_base_address);                     //关闭内存映射文件                     CloseHandle(mmfm);                     //关闭文件                     CloseHandle(mmHandle);                 }             }         }     }               system("pause");     exit(0);     return EXIT_SUCCESS; }