C++使用内存映射文件入门

本文介绍如何使用CreateFileMapping,MapViewOfFile创建内存映射文件，如何向内存映射文件中写入数据，读取数据。

#include <iostream> #include <assert.h>   #include <Windows.h> #include <WinBase.h>   #define BAD_POS 0xFFFFFFFF // returned by SetFilePointer and GetFileSize #define SUCCESS 0 using  namespace  std;     typedef  DWORD  mmf_share_mode; typedef  DWORD  mmf_access_mode; typedef  DWORD  mmf_flags;     int  main(){      cout<< "create memorymapfile..." <<endl;      const  char * shared_name = "testMmf" ;      const  char * file_name = "d:\\testMmf.mmf" ;      const  DWORD  mmf_size = 512*1024;      //存取模式      mmf_access_mode access_mode = (GENERIC_READ|GENERIC_WRITE);      //共享模式      mmf_share_mode share_mode = FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE;      //文件属性      mmf_flags flags = FILE_FLAG_SEQUENTIAL_SCAN; //|FILE_FLAG_WRITE_THROUGH|FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING;      DWORD  error_code;            //创建文件      HANDLE  mmHandle =          CreateFile(file_name,               access_mode,               share_mode,               NULL,               OPEN_ALWAYS,               flags,               NULL);        if  (mmHandle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {          error_code = GetLastError();          cout<< "创建mmf失败:" <<error_code<<endl;      } else {          DWORD  high_size;          DWORD  file_size = GetFileSize(mmHandle, &high_size);          if  (file_size == BAD_POS && (error_code = GetLastError()) != SUCCESS) {              CloseHandle(mmHandle);                         cout<< "error：" <<error_code<<endl;          }          cout<< "create mmf sucessfully" <<endl;            //assert(file_size == 0);            DWORD  size_high = 0;          //创建文件映射，如果要创建内存页面文件的映射，第一个参数设置为INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE          HANDLE  mmfm = CreateFileMapping(mmHandle,              NULL,              PAGE_READWRITE,              size_high,              mmf_size,              shared_name);            error_code = GetLastError();          if (SUCCESS != error_code){              cout<< "createFileMapping error" <<error_code<<endl;          } else {              if (mmfm == NULL){                  if (mmHandle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE){                      CloseHandle(mmHandle);                  }              } else {                  //char write_chars[] = "hello chars";                  //size_t position = 0;                  //DWORD written = 0;                  //const size_t write_chars_size = sizeof(write_chars);                  //WriteFile(mmHandle,write_chars,write_chars_size,&written,NULL);                  size_t  view_size = 1024*256;                  DWORD  view_access = FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS;                    //获得映射视图                  char * mmfm_base_address = ( char *)MapViewOfFile(mmfm,view_access,0,0,view_size);                  if (mmfm_base_address == NULL){                      error_code = GetLastError();                      if (error_code != SUCCESS){                          cout<< "error code " <<error_code<<endl;                      }                  } else {                      char  write_chars[] = "hello chars" ;                      const  size_t  write_chars_size = sizeof (write_chars);                      //向内存映射视图中写数据                      CopyMemory(( PVOID )mmfm_base_address, write_chars, write_chars_size);                        //memcpy(mmfm_base_address,write_chars,write_chars_size);                                            size_t  position = 0;                      char  read_chars[write_chars_size];                        //读数据                      memcpy (read_chars,mmfm_base_address,write_chars_size);                      cout<< "read chars " <<read_chars<<endl;                                            //卸载映射                      UnmapViewOfFile(mmfm_base_address);                      //关闭内存映射文件                      CloseHandle(mmfm);                      //关闭文件                      CloseHandle(mmHandle);                  }              }          }      }                system ( "pause" );      exit (0);      return  EXIT_SUCCESS; }