数字信号处理采样&内插

实验一、数字信号采样与重建

1.信号降采样

1. decimate

decimate函数：降低采样率，或者说实现信号的抽取

y = decimate(x,r)  %x是样本信号，这里将输入信号x的采样率降低r倍，即在x的数据点中每r个点中，只保留一个点。

举例1： 

t = 0:.0003:1;  % Time vector
x = sin(2*pi*30*t) + sin(2*pi*60*t);
y = decimate(x,5)
subplot(1,2,1);
stem(x(1:120)), axis([0 120 -2 2]) % Original signal
title('Original Signal')
subplot(1,2,2);
stem(y(1:30)) % Decimated signal
title('Decimated Signal')

 举例2：

t=0:0.002:0.029;                      

x = sin(2*pi*30*t) + sin(2*pi*60*t);        

y = interp(x,10);                       

    subplot(211);

    stem(x);

    title('Original Signal');

    subplot(212);

    stem(y);

title('Interpolated Signal');

2.任意降采样

y=resample(x,p,q,n,beta)

x：待重采样信号；
p：目标采样率；
q：待重采样信号的采样率；
n：滤波器长度与n成正比，采用chebyshevIIR型低通滤波器的阶数，缺省值为10；
beta:设置低通滤波器使使用Kaiser窗的参数，缺省值为5；

Fs = 100;
tx = linspace(0,1,21) + .015*rand(1,21);
x = sin(2*pi*tx);
[y, ty] = resample(x, tx, Fs);
plot(tx,x,'--',ty,y,'o:')
legend('original','resampled');
xlabel('Time')
axis tight

 4 采样定理与频谱分析

Fs=10000;
tx = 0:0.0002:1;
a=50*sqrt(2)*pi;b=a;
x=exp(-a*tx).*sin(b*tx);
[y, ty] = resample(x, tx, Fs);
[h,w]=freqz(x);
[h1,w1]=freqz(y);
subplot(211);
plot(w(1:512),abs(h(1:512)));
subplot(212);
plot(w1(1:512),abs(h1(1:512)));

Fs=100;
tx = 0:0.0002:1;
a=50*sqrt(2)*pi;b=a;
x=exp(-a*tx).*sin(b*tx);
[y, ty] = resample(x, tx, Fs);
[h,w]=freqz(x);
[h1,w1]=freqz(y);
subplot(211);
plot(w(1:512),abs(h(1:512)));
subplot(212);
plot(w1(1:512),abs(h1(1:512)));

5 连续时间傅里叶变换与离散时间傅里叶变换

连续时间傅里叶变换

dt = 0.00005;                                              
t = -0.005:dt:0.005;
A=100;a=50*sqrt(2)*pi;b=a;
 xa=exp(-a*t).*sin(b*t);  
                                   
%contunites_time fourier transform
Wmax = 2*pi* 2000;                                      
K = 500;                                                     
k = 0: 1: K;
W = k*Wmax/K;
Xa = xa * exp(-1i * t'*W)*dt;
Xa = real(Xa);
W = [-fliplr(W),W(2:501)];          
Xa = [fliplr(Xa),Xa(2:501)];         
subplot(2,1,1);
plot(t*10000,xa);grid
title('analog signal');
xlabel('t  (ms)');
ylabel('xa(t)');
subplot(2,1,2);
plot(W/(2*pi*1000),Xa*1000);grid
title('continues_time fourier transform');
xlabel('f   (Khz)');
ylabel('Xa(jw) * 1000');

离散时间傅里叶变换 

dt = 0.00005;                            
t = -0.005:dt:0.005;  
A=100;a=50*sqrt(2)*pi;b=a;
xa=exp(-a*t).*sin(b*t);
ts = 0.0002;
n = -40:1:40;
x=exp(-a*n*ts).*sin(b*n*ts);
K = 500;
k = 0:1:K;
w = 2*pi*k/K;
X = x*exp(-1i *n'*w);
X= real(X);
w = [-fliplr(w),w(2:K+1)];
X = [fliplr(X),X(2:K+1)];                 
subplot(2,1,1);    
plot(t*1000,xa);
title('discrete signal');
xlabel('t in msec');
ylabel('x(n)');
hold on
stem(n*ts*1000,x);  
gtext('ts = 0.2msec'); hold off
subplot(2,1,2);
plot(w/pi, X);
title('discrete_time fourier transform');
xlabel('frequence in pi unit');
ylabel('X(w)');

 6.信号采样与重构

 clear all;

wm=1;

wc=wm;

Ts=pi/wm;

ws=2*pi/Ts;

n=-100:100;

nTs=n*Ts;

f=sinc(nTs/pi);

t=-20:0.005:20;

fa=f*Ts*wc/pi*sinc((wc/pi)*(ones(length(nTs),1)*t-nTs'*ones(1,length(t))));

error=abs(fa-sinc(t/pi));

t1=-15:0.5:15;

f1=sinc(t1/pi);

subplot(3,1,1);

stem(t1,f1);

xlabel('kTs'); ylabel('f(kTs)');

title('sa(t)=sinc(t/pi)临界采样信号');

subplot(3,1,2);

plot(t,fa);

xlabel('t'); ylabel('fa(t)');

title('由sa(t)=sinc(t/pi)的临界采样信号重构sa(t)');

grid on;

subplot(3,1,3);

plot(t,error);

xlabel('t'); ylabel('error(t)');

title('临界采样信号与原信号的误差error(t)');

clear all;

wm=1;
wc=wm;
Ts=pi/wm;
ws=4*2*pi/Ts;
n=-100:100;
nTs=n*Ts;
f=sinc(nTs/pi);
t=-20:0.005:20;
fa=f*Ts*wc/pi*sinc((wc/pi)*(ones(length(nTs),1)*t-nTs'*ones(1,length(t))));
error=abs(fa-sinc(t/pi));
t1=-15:0.5:15;
f1=sinc(t1/pi);
subplot(3,1,1);
stem(t1,f1);
xlabel('kTs'); ylabel('f(kTs)');
title('临界采样信号与原信号的误差error(t)');
subplot(3,1,2);
plot(t,fa);
xlabel('t'); ylabel('fa(t)');
title('由sa(t)=sinc(t/pi)的过采样信号重构sa(t)');
grid on;
subplot(3,1,3);
plot(t,error);
xlabel('t'); ylabel('error(t)');
title('过采样信号与原信号的误差error(t)');

 

clear all;

wm=1;
wc=wm;
Ts=3*pi/wm;
ws=pi/Ts;
n=-100:100;
nTs=n*Ts;
f=sinc(nTs/pi);
t=-20:0.005:20;
fa=f*Ts*wc/pi*sinc((wc/pi)*(ones(length(nTs),1)*t-nTs'*ones(1,length(t))));
error=abs(fa-sinc(t/pi));
t1=-15:0.5:15;
f1=sinc(t1/pi);
subplot(3,1,1);
stem(t1,f1);
xlabel('kTs'); ylabel('f(kTs)');
title('sa(t)=sinc(t/pi)欠采样信号');
subplot(3,1,2);
plot(t,fa);
xlabel('t'); ylabel('fa(t)');
title('由sa(t)=sinc(t/pi)的欠采样信号重构sa(t)');
grid on;
subplot(3,1,3);
plot(t,error);
xlabel('t'); ylabel('error(t)');
title('欠采样信号与原信号的误差error(t)');

(5条消息) 数字信号处理采样&内插_Yang青青的博客-CSDN博客_decimate函数