完成service服务需要如下几步:
<1> : 重写Serivce子类,即写一个继承Service类(extends Service);
public class MyService extends Service{ ... }
<2> : 在AndroidMainfest.xml文件中添加service,基本上和Activity差不多:
<service android:name=".MyService"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="com.example.androidservicedemo0.MY_SERVICE"/> </intent-filter> </service>
<3> : 如果是不介意activity结束后,service仍然继续运行,只需要使用:
.... final Intent intent=new Intent(); intent.setAction("com.example.androidservicedemo0.BIND_SERVICE"); .... startService(intent);
停止服务:
stopService(intent);
如果希望activity结束后,service也随之结束,需要绑定服务.
activity或者service之间要通信,传递参数,可以使用Binder接口,自己实现这个接口.
实现上面demo如下:
主类:
package com.example.androidservicedemo0; import android.os.Binder; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.IBinder; import android.app.Activity; import android.app.Service; import android.content.ComponentName; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.ServiceConnection; import android.util.Log; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.Toast; public class MainActivity extends Activity { private Button mStartButton,mStopButton; private Button mBindButton,mUnBindButton; private Button mSerivceStatusButton; BindService.MBinder binder; private final String TAG="MainActivity"; private ServiceConnection conn=new ServiceConnection(){ @Override public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub Log.i(TAG,"service connection ."); binder=(BindService.MBinder)service; } @Override public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub Log.i(TAG,"service disconnection ."); } }; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); final Intent intent=new Intent(); intent.setAction("com.example.androidservicedemo0.BIND_SERVICE"); mStartButton=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button1); mStartButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){ @Override public void onClick(View v) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub startService(intent); } }); mStopButton=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button2); mStopButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){ @Override public void onClick(View v) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub stopService(intent); } }); mBindButton=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button3); mBindButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){ @Override public void onClick(View v) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub bindService(intent,conn,Service.BIND_AUTO_CREATE); } }); mUnBindButton=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button4); mUnBindButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){ @Override public void onClick(View v) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub unbindService(conn); } }); mSerivceStatusButton=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button5); mSerivceStatusButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){ @Override public void onClick(View v) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "counter : "+binder.getCounter(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }); } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present. getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu); return true; } }
服务类:
package com.example.androidservicedemo0; import android.app.Service; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Binder; import android.os.IBinder; import android.util.Log; public class BindService extends Service{ private final String TAG="BindService"; private MBinder mBinder=new MBinder(); private int mCounter; private boolean quit; public class MBinder extends Binder{ public int getCounter(){ return mCounter; } } @Override public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub Log.i(TAG,"unbind service ."); return super.onUnbind(intent); } @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent arg0) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub Log.i(TAG,"bind service ."); return mBinder; } @Override public void onCreate() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onCreate(); Log.i(TAG,"service create ."); new Thread(){ public void run(){ while(!quit){ try { Thread.sleep(1000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } mCounter++; } } }.start(); } @Override public void onDestroy() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onDestroy(); Log.i(TAG,"stop service ."); this.quit=true; } @Override @Deprecated public void onStart(Intent intent, int startId) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onStart(intent, startId); Log.i(TAG,"service start ."); } @Override public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub Log.i(TAG,"service start command ."); mCounter=0; return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId); } }
AndroidMainfest.xml文件配置如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.example.androidservicedemo0" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0" > <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" android:targetSdkVersion="18" /> <application android:allowBackup="true" android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" android:theme="@style/AppTheme" > <service android:name=".BindService"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="com.example.androidservicedemo0.BIND_SERVICE"/> </intent-filter> </service> <activity android:name="com.example.androidservicedemo0.MainActivity" android:label="@string/app_name" > <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> </application> </manifest>
布局文件:
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context=".MainActivity" > <TextView android:id="@+id/textView1" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/hello_world" /> <Button android:id="@+id/button1" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/textView1" android:layout_below="@+id/textView1" android:layout_marginLeft="39dp" android:layout_marginTop="22dp" android:text="start service" /> <Button android:id="@+id/button2" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/button1" android:layout_below="@+id/button1" android:text="stop service" /> <Button android:id="@+id/button3" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/button2" android:layout_alignRight="@+id/button2" android:layout_below="@+id/button2" android:text="bind service" /> <Button android:id="@+id/button4" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/button3" android:layout_below="@+id/button3" android:layout_marginTop="96dp" android:text="unbind service" /> <Button android:id="@+id/button5" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/button3" android:layout_alignRight="@+id/button1" android:layout_centerVertical="true" android:text="service status" /> </RelativeLayout>