Spring之访问(消费)WebService

Consuming a RESTful Web Service

目标：
使用Spring提供的RestTemplate从以下站点
http://gturnquist-quoters.cfapps.io/api/random
获取WebService返回的信息

信息以json格式随机返回
格式如下：

{
   type: "success",
   value: {
      id: 10,
      quote: "Really loving Spring Boot, makes stand alone Spring apps easy."
   }
}

创建接收json数据的domain类：Quote和Value

package hello;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnoreProperties;

@JsonIgnoreProperties(ignoreUnknown = true)
public class Quote {

    private String type;
    private Value value;

    public Quote() {
    }

    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }

    public void setType(String type) {
        this.type = type;
    }

    public Value getValue() {
        return value;
    }

    public void setValue(Value value) {
        this.value = value;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Quote{" +
                "type='" + type + '\'' +
                ", value=" + value +
                '}';
    }
}

package hello;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnoreProperties;

@JsonIgnoreProperties(ignoreUnknown = true)
public class Value {

    private Long id;
    private String quote;

    public Value() {
    }

    public Long getId() {
        return this.id;
    }

    public String getQuote() {
        return this.quote;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public void setQuote(String quote) {
        this.quote = quote;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Value{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", quote='" + quote + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

准备就绪，运行Application

package hello;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application implements CommandLineRunner {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Application.class);

    public static void main(String args[]) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class);
    }

    public void run(String... strings) throws Exception {
        RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
        Quote quote = restTemplate.getForObject(
        "http://gturnquist-quoters.cfapps.io/api/random", Quote.class);
        log.info(quote.toString());
    }
}

注：此处使用GET请求访问，当然也可以通过POST请求来获取。

测试：
控制台输出一下信息，表示测试成功：

Quote
{
type='success', 
value=Value
{
id=6, 
quote='It embraces convention over configuration, providing an experience on par with frameworks that excel at early stage development, such as Ruby on Rails.'
}
}

补充：

有关HTTP协议的请求方式：

• GET
  通过请求URI得到资源
• POST
  用于添加新的内容
• PUT
  用于修改某个内容
• DELETE
  删除某个内容
• CONNECT
  用于代理进行传输，如使用SSL
• OPTIONS
  询问可以执行哪些方法
• PATCH
  部分文档更改
• PROPFIND, (wedav)
  查看属性
• PROPPATCH, (wedav)
  设置属性
• MKCOL, (wedav)
  创建集合（文件夹）
• COPY, (wedav)
  拷贝
• MOVE, (wedav)
  移动
• LOCK, (wedav)
  加锁
• UNLOCK (wedav)
  解锁
• TRACE
  用于远程诊断服务器
• HEAD
  类似于GET, 但是不返回body信息，用于检查对象是否存在，以及得到对象的元数据