//每次编写设计网络通讯程序时，总面对一个问题，就是要自定义一组应用协议（即通讯协议），然后再写相应的方法来解析协议，并提供相应的接口供上层调用。假如只是简单的文本信息通讯还轻易，但要交换一些控制信息或结构复杂的数据时，比如做联机游戏，更是让人头疼。
// 最近忽然想到一个点子，可以用对象串行化技术将对象直接转换为二进制数据发送，然后接收时直接还原为对象。具体过程是，将要发送的数据放在一个HashTable中，串行化后发送出去，在接收方接收到数据并还原为HashTable，根据预先约定好的Key和获取自己关心的数据。在这种情况下，定义通讯协议的内容实质上也就只是指定一组Key就行了。再也不用做那些规定第几个字段是什么类型有多长的烦躁的事情了。
// 可能很多人很善于用XML，也将之广泛用于网络通讯。XML有不可比拟的好处，因为它是同平台无关的，而且基本上任何开发语言都有现成库来解析XML。这个和我的观点并不冲突。对象串行化并不局限于二进制数据。C#里有丰富的方法，可以将对象串行化为XML文档，也支持用SOAP协议来串行化数据。所以只要用公共的串行化标准来串行化对象，也可以达到跨平台、跨语言的目的。其实现在流行的Web Service其核心技术也就大概是这样吧。
// 原理说完了，贴段代码做个例子。ObjectTransferClient（简称OTC）是一个利用UDP协议及二进制对象串行化的包括对象发送和接收的库。调用方法很简单，用Send发送对象，响应ReceiveObject事件来处理接收的对象。至于具体细节就不多叙述了，相信有一定C#基础的人能轻松看懂的。
// 这一原理的应用潜力是巨大的，我在这里抛砖引玉，还请指教。
using System;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Net;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
using System.Threading;
namespace OTC
{
/// <summary>
/// 对象传送器，使用UDP协议通过网路在不同主机间传送对象。
/// </summary>
public class ObjectTransferClient : IDisposable
{
private Thread ListenThread;
private BinaryFormatter Serializer = new BinaryFormatter();
private int m_Port;
private UdpClient m_Client;
private bool m_IsStart;
private bool m_IsConnected;
/// <summary>
/// 接收到对象事件
/// </summary>
public event ReceiveObjectEventHandler ReceiveObject;
/// <summary>
/// 构建一个对象传送器，默认端口7321
/// </summary>
public ObjectTransferClient()
: this(7321)
{
//
// TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑
//
}
/// <summary>
/// 指定端口号构建一个对象传送器。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="port">端口号</param>
public ObjectTransferClient(int port)
{
this.m_Port = port;
this.m_IsConnected = false;
this.m_IsStart = false;
}
/// <summary>
/// 初始化传送器并开始工作
/// </summary>
public void Start()
{
if (!this.m_IsStart)
{
this.m_Client = new UdpClient(this.m_Port);
ListenThread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(this.Listen));
ListenThread.Start();
this.m_IsStart = true;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 使用指定的主机名和端口连接默认的远程主机
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hostname">主机名</param>
/// <param name="port">端口</param>
public void Connect(string hostname, int port)
{
this.m_Client.Connect(hostname, port);
}
/// <summary>
/// 使用指定的IP地址和端口连接默认的远程主机
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ipaddress">IP地址</param>
/// <param name="port">端口</param>
public void Connect(IPAddress ipaddress, int port)
{
this.m_Client.Connect(ipaddress, port);
}
/// <summary>
/// 使用网络终结点连接默认的远程主机
/// </summary>
/// <param name="iep">网络端点</param>
public void Connect(IPEndPoint iep)
{
this.m_Client.Connect(iep);
}
private byte[] CreateArgPackage(object obj)
{
IPEndPoint local = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, this.m_Port);//提供一个 IP 地址，指示服务器应侦听所有网络接口上的客户端活动。 此字段为只读。 Any 字段等效于以点分隔的四部分表示法格式的 0.0.0.0。
System.IO.MemoryStream outStream = new System.IO.MemoryStream();
this.Serializer.Serialize(outStream, new ReceiveObjectEventArgs(obj, local));//要传过去的对象和本地IP
return outStream.ToArray();
}
/// <summary>
/// 将对象发送到默认主机。调用此方法前必须先调用Connect方法连接默认主机。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="obj">要发送的对象</param>
public void Send(object obj)
{
if (this.IsConnected)
{
byte[] data = this.CreateArgPackage(obj);
this.m_Client.Send(data, data.Length);
}
else
{
throw new Exception("必须先连接默认主机");
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 将对象发送到指定的主机。若调用了Connect方法连接了默认主机，则此方法不可用。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="obj">要发送的对象</param>
/// <param name="remoteIEP">目标主机的网络端点</param>
public void Send(object obj, IPEndPoint remoteIEP)
{
if (this.IsConnected)
{
throw new Exception("已经连接了默认主机");
}
else
{
byte[] data = this.CreateArgPackage(obj);
this.m_Client.Send(data, data.Length, remoteIEP);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 监听接收数据线程方法
/// </summary>
protected void Listen()
{
BinaryFormatter Serializer = new BinaryFormatter();
IPEndPoint RemoteIpEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);
while (true)
{
try
{
object revobj = Serializer.Deserialize(new System.IO.MemoryStream(m_Client.Receive(ref RemoteIpEndPoint)));
ReceiveObjectEventArgs revarg = (ReceiveObjectEventArgs)revobj;//
RemoteIpEndPoint.Port = revarg.RemoteIEP.Port;
revarg.RemoteIEP = RemoteIpEndPoint;
if (this.ReceiveObject != null)//判断事件是否发生
{
this.ReceiveObject(this, revarg);//触发事件函数，但程序中未绑定事件函数
}
}
catch
{
break;
}
}
}
#region 公共属性区
/// <summary>
/// 返回或设置接收对象的端口号
/// </summary>
public int Port
{
get
{
return this.m_Port;
}
set
{
this.m_Port = value;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 返回对象发送器是否已经初始化并开始工作
/// </summary>
public bool IsStart
{
get
{
return this.m_IsStart;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 返回对象发送器是否已经连接默认远程主机
/// </summary>
public bool IsConnected
{
get
{
return this.m_IsConnected;
}
}
#endregion
#region IDisposable 成员
public void Dispose()
{
// TODO: 添加 ObjectTransferClient.Dispose 实现
this.m_Client.Close();
this.ListenThread.Abort();
}
#endregion
}
/// <summary>
/// 接收对象事件参数
/// </summary>
[Serializable]
public class ReceiveObjectEventArgs : EventArgs
{
private object _obj;
private System.Net.IPEndPoint _iep;
/// <summary>
/// 构建一个接收对象事件的参数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="obj">接收到的对象</param>
/// <param name="iep">发送者的网络端点</param>
internal ReceiveObjectEventArgs(object obj, System.Net.IPEndPoint iep)
{
this._obj = obj;
this._iep = iep;
}
/// <summary>
/// 构建一个空的接收对象事件参数
/// </summary>
public ReceiveObjectEventArgs()
: this(null, null)
{
}
/// <summary>
/// 接收到的对象
/// </summary>
public object Obj
{
get
{
return this._obj;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 发送方的网络端点
/// </summary>
public System.Net.IPEndPoint RemoteIEP
{
get
{
return this._iep;
}
set
{
this._iep = value;
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 接收对象事件的委托
/// </summary>
public delegate void ReceiveObjectEventHandler(object sender, ReceiveObjectEventArgs e);
}
/// <summary>
/// 接收到对象事件
/// </summary>
public event ReceiveObjectEventHandler ReceiveObject;
/// <summary>
/// 构建一个对象传送器，默认端口7321
/// </summary>
public ObjectTransferClient()
: this(7321)
{
//
// TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑
//
}
/// <summary>
/// 指定端口号构建一个对象传送器。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="port">端口号</param>
public ObjectTransferClient(int port)
{
this.m_Port = port;
this.m_IsConnected = false;
this.m_IsStart = false;
}
/// <summary>
/// 初始化传送器并开始工作
/// </summary>
public void Start()
{
if (!this.m_IsStart)
{
this.m_Client = new UdpClient(this.m_Port);
ListenThread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(this.Listen));
ListenThread.Start();
this.m_IsStart = true;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 使用指定的主机名和端口连接默认的远程主机
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hostname">主机名</param>
/// <param name="port">端口</param>
public void Connect(string hostname, int port)
{
this.m_Client.Connect(hostname, port);
}
/// <summary>
/// 使用指定的IP地址和端口连接默认的远程主机
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ipaddress">IP地址</param>
/// <param name="port">端口</param>
public void Connect(IPAddress ipaddress, int port)
{
this.m_Client.Connect(ipaddress, port);
}
/// <summary>
/// 使用网络终结点连接默认的远程主机
/// </summary>
/// <param name="iep">网络端点</param>
public void Connect(IPEndPoint iep)
{
this.m_Client.Connect(iep);
}
private byte[] CreateArgPackage(object obj)
{
IPEndPoint local = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, this.m_Port);
System.IO.MemoryStream outStream = new System.IO.MemoryStream();
this.Serializer.Serialize(outStream, new ReceiveObjectEventArgs(obj, local));
return outStream.ToArray();
}
/// <summary>
/// 将对象发送到默认主机。调用此方法前必须先调用Connect方法连接默认主机。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="obj">要发送的对象</param>
public void Send(object obj)
{
if (this.IsConnected)
{
byte[] data = this.CreateArgPackage(obj);
this.m_Client.Send(data, data.Length);
}
else
{
throw new Exception("必须先连接默认主机");
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 将对象发送到指定的主机。若调用了Connect方法连接了默认主机，则此方法不可用。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="obj">要发送的对象</param>
/// <param name="remoteIEP">目标主机的网络端点</param>
public void Send(object obj, IPEndPoint remoteIEP)
{
if (this.IsConnected)
{
throw new Exception("已经连接了默认主机");
}
else
{
byte[] data = this.CreateArgPackage(obj);
this.m_Client.Send(data, data.Length, remoteIEP);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 监听接收数据线程方法
/// </summary>
protected void Listen()
{
BinaryFormatter Serializer = new BinaryFormatter();
IPEndPoint RemoteIpEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);
while (true)
{
try
{
object revobj = Serializer.Deserialize(new System.IO.MemoryStream(m_Client.Receive(ref RemoteIpEndPoint)));
ReceiveObjectEventArgs revarg = (ReceiveObjectEventArgs)revobj;
RemoteIpEndPoint.Port = revarg.RemoteIEP.Port;
revarg.RemoteIEP = RemoteIpEndPoint;
if (this.ReceiveObject != null)//判断事件是否发生
{
this.ReceiveObject(this, revarg);//触发事件函数
}
}
catch
{
break;
}
}
}
#region 公共属性区
/// <summary>
/// 返回或设置接收对象的端口号
/// </summary>
public int Port
{
get
{
return this.m_Port;
}
set
{
this.m_Port = value;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 返回对象发送器是否已经初始化并开始工作
/// </summary>
public bool IsStart
{
get
{
return this.m_IsStart;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 返回对象发送器是否已经连接默认远程主机
/// </summary>
public bool IsConnected
{
get
{
return this.m_IsConnected;
}
}
#endregion
#region IDisposable 成员
public void Dispose()
{
// TODO: 添加 ObjectTransferClient.Dispose 实现
this.m_Client.Close();
this.ListenThread.Abort();
}
#endregion
}
/// <summary>
/// 接收对象事件参数
/// </summary>
[Serializable]
public class ReceiveObjectEventArgs : EventArgs
{
private object _obj;
private System.Net.IPEndPoint _iep;
/// <summary>
/// 构建一个接收对象事件的参数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="obj">接收到的对象</param>
/// <param name="iep">发送者的网络端点</param>
internal ReceiveObjectEventArgs(object obj, System.Net.IPEndPoint iep)
{
this._obj = obj;
this._iep = iep;
}
/// <summary>
/// 构建一个空的接收对象事件参数
/// </summary>
public ReceiveObjectEventArgs()
: this(null, null)
{
}
/// <summary>
/// 接收到的对象
/// </summary>
public object Obj
{
get
{
return this._obj;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 发送方的网络端点
/// </summary>
public System.Net.IPEndPoint RemoteIEP
{
get
{
return this._iep;
}
set
{
this._iep = value;
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 接收对象事件的委托
/// </summary>
public delegate void ReceiveObjectEventHandler(object sender, ReceiveObjectEventArgs e);
}
/// <summary>
/// 接收到对象事件
/// </summary>
public event ReceiveObjectEventHandler ReceiveObject;
/// <summary>
/// 构建一个对象传送器，默认端口7321
/// </summary>
public ObjectTransferClient()
: this(7321)
{
//
// TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑
//
}
/// <summary>
/// 指定端口号构建一个对象传送器。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="port">端口号</param>
public ObjectTransferClient(int port)
{
this.m_Port = port;
this.m_IsConnected = false;
this.m_IsStart = false;
}
/// <summary>
/// 初始化传送器并开始工作
/// </summary>
public void Start()
{
if (!this.m_IsStart)
{
this.m_Client = new UdpClient(this.m_Port);
ListenThread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(this.Listen));
ListenThread.Start();
this.m_IsStart = true;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 使用指定的主机名和端口连接默认的远程主机
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hostname">主机名</param>
/// <param name="port">端口</param>
public void Connect(string hostname, int port)
{
this.m_Client.Connect(hostname, port);
}
/// <summary>
/// 使用指定的IP地址和端口连接默认的远程主机
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ipaddress">IP地址</param>
/// <param name="port">端口</param>
public void Connect(IPAddress ipaddress, int port)
{
this.m_Client.Connect(ipaddress, port);
}
/// <summary>
/// 使用网络终结点连接默认的远程主机
/// </summary>
/// <param name="iep">网络端点</param>
public void Connect(IPEndPoint iep)
{
this.m_Client.Connect(iep);
}
private byte[] CreateArgPackage(object obj)
{
IPEndPoint local = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, this.m_Port);
System.IO.MemoryStream outStream = new System.IO.MemoryStream();
this.Serializer.Serialize(outStream, new ReceiveObjectEventArgs(obj, local));
return outStream.ToArray();
}
/// <summary>
/// 将对象发送到默认主机。调用此方法前必须先调用Connect方法连接默认主机。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="obj">要发送的对象</param>
public void Send(object obj)
{
if (this.IsConnected)
{
byte[] data = this.CreateArgPackage(obj);
this.m_Client.Send(data, data.Length);
}
else
{
throw new Exception("必须先连接默认主机");
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 将对象发送到指定的主机。若调用了Connect方法连接了默认主机，则此方法不可用。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="obj">要发送的对象</param>
/// <param name="remoteIEP">目标主机的网络端点</param>
public void Send(object obj, IPEndPoint remoteIEP)
{
if (this.IsConnected)
{
throw new Exception("已经连接了默认主机");
}
else
{
byte[] data = this.CreateArgPackage(obj);
this.m_Client.Send(data, data.Length, remoteIEP);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 监听接收数据线程方法
/// </summary>
protected void Listen()
{
BinaryFormatter Serializer = new BinaryFormatter();
IPEndPoint RemoteIpEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);
while (true)
{
try
{
object revobj = Serializer.Deserialize(new System.IO.MemoryStream(m_Client.Receive(ref RemoteIpEndPoint)));
ReceiveObjectEventArgs revarg = (ReceiveObjectEventArgs)revobj;
RemoteIpEndPoint.Port = revarg.RemoteIEP.Port;
revarg.RemoteIEP = RemoteIpEndPoint;
if (this.ReceiveObject != null)
{
this.ReceiveObject(this, revarg);
}
}
catch
{
break;
}
}
}
#region 公共属性区
/// <summary>
/// 返回或设置接收对象的端口号
/// </summary>
public int Port
{
get
{
return this.m_Port;
}
set
{
this.m_Port = value;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 返回对象发送器是否已经初始化并开始工作
/// </summary>
public bool IsStart
{
get
{
return this.m_IsStart;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 返回对象发送器是否已经连接默认远程主机
/// </summary>
public bool IsConnected
{
get
{
return this.m_IsConnected;
}
}
#endregion
#region IDisposable 成员
public void Dispose()
{
// TODO: 添加 ObjectTransferClient.Dispose 实现
this.m_Client.Close();
this.ListenThread.Abort();
}
#endregion
}
/// <summary>
/// 接收对象事件参数
/// </summary>
[Serializable]
public class ReceiveObjectEventArgs : EventArgs
{
private object _obj;
private System.Net.IPEndPoint _iep;
/// <summary>
/// 构建一个接收对象事件的参数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="obj">接收到的对象</param>
/// <param name="iep">发送者的网络端点</param>
internal ReceiveObjectEventArgs(object obj, System.Net.IPEndPoint iep)
{
this._obj = obj;
this._iep = iep;
}
/// <summary>
/// 构建一个空的接收对象事件参数
/// </summary>
public ReceiveObjectEventArgs()
: this(null, null)
{
}
/// <summary>
/// 接收到的对象
/// </summary>
public object Obj
{
get
{
return this._obj;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 发送方的网络端点
/// </summary>
public System.Net.IPEndPoint RemoteIEP
{
get
{
return this._iep;
}
set
{
this._iep = value;
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 接收对象事件的委托
/// </summary>
public delegate void ReceiveObjectEventHandler(object sender, ReceiveObjectEventArgs e);
}
/// <summary>
/// 接收到对象事件
/// </summary>
public event ReceiveObjectEventHandler ReceiveObject;
/// <summary>
/// 构建一个对象传送器，默认端口7321
/// </summary>
public ObjectTransferClient()
: this(7321)
{
//
// TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑
//
}
/// <summary>
/// 指定端口号构建一个对象传送器。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="port">端口号</param>
public ObjectTransferClient(int port)
{
this.m_Port = port;
this.m_IsConnected = false;
this.m_IsStart = false;
}
/// <summary>
/// 初始化传送器并开始工作
/// </summary>
public void Start()
{
if (!this.m_IsStart)
{
this.m_Client = new UdpClient(this.m_Port);
ListenThread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(this.Listen));
ListenThread.Start();
this.m_IsStart = true;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 使用指定的主机名和端口连接默认的远程主机
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hostname">主机名</param>
/// <param name="port">端口</param>
public void Connect(string hostname, int port)
{
this.m_Client.Connect(hostname, port);
}
/// <summary>
/// 使用指定的IP地址和端口连接默认的远程主机
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ipaddress">IP地址</param>
/// <param name="port">端口</param>
public void Connect(IPAddress ipaddress, int port)
{
this.m_Client.Connect(ipaddress, port);
}
/// <summary>
/// 使用网络终结点连接默认的远程主机
/// </summary>
/// <param name="iep">网络端点</param>
public void Connect(IPEndPoint iep)
{
this.m_Client.Connect(iep);
}
private byte[] CreateArgPackage(object obj)
{
IPEndPoint local = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, this.m_Port);
System.IO.MemoryStream outStream = new System.IO.MemoryStream();
this.Serializer.Serialize(outStream, new ReceiveObjectEventArgs(obj, local));
return outStream.ToArray();
}
/// <summary>
/// 将对象发送到默认主机。调用此方法前必须先调用Connect方法连接默认主机。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="obj">要发送的对象</param>
public void Send(object obj)
{
if (this.IsConnected)
{
byte[] data = this.CreateArgPackage(obj);
this.m_Client.Send(data, data.Length);
}
else
{
throw new Exception("必须先连接默认主机");
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 将对象发送到指定的主机。若调用了Connect方法连接了默认主机，则此方法不可用。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="obj">要发送的对象</param>
/// <param name="remoteIEP">目标主机的网络端点</param>
public void Send(object obj, IPEndPoint remoteIEP)
{
if (this.IsConnected)
{
throw new Exception("已经连接了默认主机");
}
else
{
byte[] data = this.CreateArgPackage(obj);
this.m_Client.Send(data, data.Length, remoteIEP);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 监听接收数据线程方法
/// </summary>
protected void Listen()
{
BinaryFormatter Serializer = new BinaryFormatter();
IPEndPoint RemoteIpEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);
while (true)
{
try
{
object revobj = Serializer.Deserialize(new System.IO.MemoryStream(m_Client.Receive(ref RemoteIpEndPoint)));
ReceiveObjectEventArgs revarg = (ReceiveObjectEventArgs)revobj;
RemoteIpEndPoint.Port = revarg.RemoteIEP.Port;
revarg.RemoteIEP = RemoteIpEndPoint;
if (this.ReceiveObject != null)
{
this.ReceiveObject(this, revarg);
}
}
catch
{
break;
}
}
}
#region 公共属性区
/// <summary>
/// 返回或设置接收对象的端口号
/// </summary>
public int Port
{
get
{
return this.m_Port;
}
set
{
this.m_Port = value;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 返回对象发送器是否已经初始化并开始工作
/// </summary>
public bool IsStart
{
get
{
return this.m_IsStart;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 返回对象发送器是否已经连接默认远程主机
/// </summary>
public bool IsConnected
{
get
{
return this.m_IsConnected;
}
}
#endregion
#region IDisposable 成员
public void Dispose()
{
// TODO: 添加 ObjectTransferClient.Dispose 实现
this.m_Client.Close();
this.ListenThread.Abort();
}
#endregion
}
/// <summary>
/// 接收对象事件参数
/// </summary>
[Serializable]
public class ReceiveObjectEventArgs : EventArgs
{
private object _obj;
private System.Net.IPEndPoint _iep;
/// <summary>
/// 构建一个接收对象事件的参数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="obj">接收到的对象</param>
/// <param name="iep">发送者的网络端点</param>
internal ReceiveObjectEventArgs(object obj, System.Net.IPEndPoint iep)
{
this._obj = obj;
this._iep = iep;
}
/// <summary>
/// 构建一个空的接收对象事件参数
/// </summary>
public ReceiveObjectEventArgs()
: this(null, null)
{
}
/// <summary>
/// 接收到的对象
/// </summary>
public object Obj
{
get
{
return this._obj;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 发送方的网络端点
/// </summary>
public System.Net.IPEndPoint RemoteIEP
{
get
{
return this._iep;
}
set
{
this._iep = value;
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 接收对象事件的委托
/// </summary>
public delegate void ReceiveObjectEventHandler(object sender, ReceiveObjectEventArgs e);
}
扫一扫
2762
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
