foreach一共有三种类型,分别为List,[](array),Map三种。
foreach属性
属性 | 描述 |
---|---|
item | 循环体中的具体对象。支持属性的点路径访问,如item.age,item.info.details。 具体说明:在list和数组中是其中的对象,在map中是value。 该参数为必选。collection的别名,下面用item.取值 |
collection | 要做foreach的对象,作为入参时,List<?>对象默认用list代替作为键,数组对象有array代替作为键,Map对象用map代替作为键。 当然在作为入参时可以使用@Param("keyName")来设置键,设置keyName后,list,array,map将会失效。 除了入参这种情况外,还有一种作为参数对象的某个字段的时候。举个例子: 如果User有属性List ids。入参是User对象,那么这个collection = "ids" 如果User有属性Ids ids;其中Ids是个对象,Ids有个属性List id;入参是User对象,那么collection = "ids.id" 上面只是举例,具体collection等于什么,就看你想对那个元素做循环。 该参数为必选。 |
separator | 元素之间的分隔符,例如在in()的时候,separator=","会自动在元素中间用“,“隔开,避免手动输入逗号导致sql错误,如in(1,2,)这样。该参数可选。 |
open | foreach代码的开始符号,一般是(和close=")"合用。常用在in(),values()时。该参数可选。 |
close | foreach代码的关闭符号,一般是)和open="("合用。常用在in(),values()时。该参数可选。 |
index | 在list和数组中,index是元素的序号,在map中,index是元素的key,该参数可选。 |
示例一:
<select id="countByUserList" resultType="_int" parameterType="list"> select count(*) from users <where> id in <foreach item="item" collection="list" separator="," open="(" close=")" index=""> #{item.id, jdbcType=NUMERIC} </foreach> </where> </select>
注:select count(*) from users WHERE id in ( ? , ? )
示例二:
<select id="selectStorageProductInventroy" parameterType="java.util.Map" resultType="StorageProductInventroyModel"> select op.inventroy_operation_id , op.inventroy_id , ty.name as operation_type, DATE_FORMAT(op.insert_time,'%Y/%m/%d') as insert_time, em.name as employee, sm1.name as from_store, st1.name as to_store, sm.name as from_storage, st.name as to_storage, hi.number, pr.name as product_name, pr.category_id as categoryString, pr.product_code, hi.amount, hi.back_amount, hi.unit, re.description as operation_reason, hi.description from inventroy_history hi left join inventroy_operation op on hi.inventroy_operation_id = op.inventroy_operation_id left join product pr on hi.product_id =pr.product_id left join operation_type ty on op.operation_type_id = ty.operation_type_id left join employee em on op.employee_id = em.employee_id left join (select inventroy_operation.to_storage_id as to_storage_id,storage.name as name from inventroy_operation , storage where inventroy_operation.to_storage_id = storage.storage_id) st on op.to_storage_id = st.to_storage_id left join (select inventroy_operation.from_storage_id as from_storage_id,storage.name as name from inventroy_operation , storage where inventroy_operation.from_storage_id = storage.storage_id) sm on op.from_storage_id = sm.from_storage_id left join (select inventroy_operation.to_store_id as to_store_id,store.name as name from inventroy_operation , store where inventroy_operation.to_store_id = store.store_id) st1 on op.to_store_id = st1.to_store_id left join (select inventroy_operation.from_store_id as from_store_id,store.name as name from inventroy_operation , store where inventroy_operation.from_store_id = store.store_id) sm1 on op.from_store_id = sm1.from_store_id left join operation_reason re on hi.operation_reason_id = re.operation_reason_id WHERE 1=1 <if test="operation_type_id != null and operation_type_id.length != 0"> and <foreach collection="operation_type_id" item="operationTypeId" index="index" open="(" separator="or" close=")"> op.operation_type_id = #{operationTypeId} </foreach> </if> <if test="storage_id != 0 and storage_id != null"> and (op.from_storage_id = #{storage_id} or op.to_storage_id = #{storage_id}) </if> <if test="category_id != 0 and category_id != null"> and pr.category_id like concat('%','(',#{category_id},')','%') </if> <if test="product_code != null"> and pr.product_code like concat('%',#{product_code},'%') </if> <if test="product_name != null"> and pr.name like concat('%',#{product_name},'%') </if> and date(op.insert_time) between #{start_time} and #{end_time} group by hi.inventroy_history_id </select>
注:and (op.operation_type_id = ? or op.operation_type_id = ?)
示例三:数组
public void testQuery() { ColInfoDao dao=(ColInfoDao)ctx.getBean("colInfoDao"); Map map = new HashMap(); map.put("userId", "tom"); map.put("password", "123"); String[] a = { "20000001", "20000002" }; map.put("classIds", Arrays.asList(a)); Object password = dao.query(map); System.out.println("password:" + password); Assert.assertEquals("123", password); }
XML:(感觉不适合mybatis,可以使用在ibatis中,iBatis 2.x 和 MyBatis 3.0.x)
<select id="queryPasswordByUserId" parameterClass="java.util.Map" resultClass="java.lang.String"> <![CDATA[ select PASSWORD as password from T_S_P_USER ]]> <dynamic prepend="where"> <isNotEmpty prepend="AND" property="userId"> USER_ID=#userId# </isNotEmpty> <isNotEmpty prepend="AND" property="password"> PASSWORD=#password# </isNotEmpty> <isNotEmpty prepend="AND" property="classIds"> <iterate property="classIds" open="(" conjunction="OR" close=")"> CLASS_ID = #classIds[]# </iterate> </isNotEmpty> </dynamic> </select>
示例四:Map
map和List,array相比,map是用K,V存储的,在foreach中,使用map时,index属性值为map中的Key的值。
因为map中的Key不同于list,array中的索引,所以会有更丰富的用法。
java
String stringTotal = (String) param.get("key");
if (!StringUtil.isEmpty(stringTotal)) {
String[] str1 = stringTotal.split(",");
List<Map<String, Object>> listMaps = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();
for(String list : str1){
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put("key", list);
listMaps.add(map);
System.out.print(list + "、");
}
param.put("newkey", listMaps);
}
}
Integer cnt = (Integer) lettersDetailMapper.queryCxCount(param);
xml
<if test='newkey != null and newkey!="" '>
and
<foreach item="item" collection="newkey" index="index"
open="" separator="AND" close="">XXX like '%'||#{item.value}||'%'</foreach>
</if>
或
<insert id="ins_string_string"> insert into string_string (key, value) values <foreach item="item" index="key" collection="map" open="" separator="," close="">(#{key}, #{item})</foreach> </insert>
可以看到这个例子相当简单,表中需要两个值,正好和K,V对应,因而map中的一个K,V就对应一条数据,如果map中有多个K,V,就会保存多个结果。
如果map中有两对K,V,那么执行SQL如下:
DEBUG [main] - ==> Preparing: insert into string_string (key, value) values (?, ?) , (?, ?) DEBUG [main] - ==> Parameters: key 1(String), value 1(String), key 2(String), value 2(String) DEBUG [main] - <== Updates: 2
下面再看一个select的例子:
<select id="sel_key_cols" resultType="int"> select count(*) from key_cols where <foreach item="item" index="key" collection="map" open="" separator="AND" close="">${key} = #{item}</foreach> </select>
可以看到这里用key=value来作为查询条件,对于动态的查询,这种处理方式可以借鉴。一定要注意到$和#的区别,$的参数直接输出,#的参数会被替换为?,然后传入参数值执行。
DEBUG [main] - ==> Preparing: select count(*) from key_cols where col_a = ? AND col_b = ? DEBUG [main] - ==> Parameters: 22(Integer), 222(Integer) DEBUG [main] - <== Total: 1
最后,如果不考虑元素的顺序和map中Key,map和list,array可以拥有一样的效果,都是存储了多个值,然后循环读取出来。