Java枚举类型

1.基本enum特性：关键字enum可以将一组具名的值的有限集合创建为一种新的类型，这些具名的值为该枚举类型的实例对象。valus()方法返回enum实例的数组；name()方法输出枚举对象的名字；orfinal()方法输出该枚举对象的次序，从0开始编号；valueOf()方法将字符串转换成枚举对象，要求字符串必须是已有的常量名，否则会报错；compareTo()方法比较两个枚举常量，比较的是编号。

public static void main(String[] args) {
        Season autumn = Season.AUTUMN;
        System.out.println(autumn.name());
        System.out.println(autumn.ordinal());
        Season[] values = Season.values();
        for (Season season : values) {
            System.out.println(season);
        }
        Season autumn1 = Season.valueOf("AUTUMN");
        System.out.println(autumn1);
        System.out.println(Season.AUTUMN.compareTo(Season.SUMMER));
    }
}

enum Season {
    SPRING("春天", "温暖"), SUMMER("夏天", "炎热"),
    AUTUMN("秋天", "凉爽"), WINTER("冬天", "寒冷");
    private String name;
    private String desc;

    private Season(String name, String desc) {
        this.name = name;
        this.desc = desc;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public String getDesc() {
        return desc;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Season{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", desc='" + desc + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

2.将静态导入用于enum：使用static import能够将enum实例的标识符带入房前的命名空间，所有无需再用enum类型来修饰enum实例。

enum Season {
    SPRING, SUMMER, AUTUMN, WINTER
}

public class Test3 {
    Season name;

    public Test3(Season name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Test3 " + "name=" + name;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(new Test3(SPRING));
        System.out.println(new Test3(SUMMER));
        System.out.println(new Test3(AUTUMN));
    }
}

3.向enum中添加新方法：不能继承自一个enum之外，可以把enum看作一个常规类。可以在枚举类中定义成员变量、构造方法、方法。

public enum Season {
    SPRING("温暖"), SUMMER("炎热"),
    AUTUMN("凉爽"), WINTER("寒冷");
    private String desc;

    Season(String desc) {
        this.desc = desc;
    }

    public String getDesc() {
        return desc;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        for (Season season : Season.values()) {
            System.out.println(season.getDesc());
        }
    }
}