JavaWeb学习（六）HttpServletResponse基本应用——生成验证码（5）

一、代码：

package com.servlet.study;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class ResponseD extends HttpServlet {

    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
    	//设置refresh响应头控制浏览器每隔5秒钟刷新一次
        response.setHeader("refresh", "5");
        
        //1.在内存中创建一张图片
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(80, 20, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        
        //2.得到图片
        //Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
        Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();
        g.setColor(Color.WHITE);//设置图片的背景色
        g.fillRect(0, 0, 80, 20);//填充背景色
        
        //3.向图片上写数据
        g.setColor(Color.BLUE);//设置图片上字体的颜色
        g.setFont(new Font(null, Font.BOLD, 20));
        g.drawString(makeNum(), 0, 20);
        
        //4.设置响应头控制浏览器浏览器以图片的方式打开
        response.setContentType("image/jpeg");//等同于response.setHeader("Content-Type", "image/jpeg");
        
        //5.设置响应头控制浏览器不缓存图片数据
        response.setDateHeader("expries", -1);
        response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
        response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
        
        //6.将图片写给浏览器
        ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", response.getOutputStream());
    }

    /**
     * 生成随机数字
     * @return
     */
    private String makeNum(){
        Random random = new Random();
        String num = random.nextInt(9999999)+"";
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        for (int i = 0; i < 7-num.length(); i++) {
            sb.append("0");
        }
        num = sb.toString()+num;
        return num;
    }
    
    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }

}

二、解释：

2.1 设置refresh响应头控制浏览器每隔5秒钟刷新一次

response.setHeader("refresh", "5");

2.2 设置http响应头控制浏览器禁止缓存当前文档内容

response.setDateHeader("expries", -1);
response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");

2.3 random.nextInt(n) 

public int nextInt(int n)

该方法的作用是生成一个随机的int值，该值介于[0,n)的区间，也就是0到n之间的随机int值，包含0而不包含n。

三、运行结果：

转自：https://www.cnblogs.com/xdp-gacl/p/3791993.html