从oops信息识别内核被污染的情况

    OOPS信息中一般包含Not tainted信息，说明内核没有被污染，但一旦看到是Tainted:  ，且后面跟有字符，则说明目前运行的被污染内核。各字符具体含义如下：

1. ‘G’ if all modules loaded have a GPL or compatible license, ‘P’ ifany proprietary module has been loaded. Modules without aMODULE_LICENSE or with a MODULE_LICENSE that is not recognised byinsmod as GPL compatible are assumed to be proprietary.
2. F if any module was force loaded byinsmod -f, ' ' if allmodules were loaded normally.
3. S if the oops occurred on an SMP kernel running on hardware thathasn’t been certified as safe to run multiprocessor.Currently this occurs only on various Athlons that are not SMP capable.
4. R if a module was force unloaded byrmmod -f,' ' if allmodules were unloaded normally.
5. M if any processor has reported a Machine Check Exception,'' if no Machine Check Exceptions have occurred.
6. B if a page-release function has found a bad page reference orsome unexpected page flags.
7. U if a user or user application specifically requested that theTainted flag be set,' ' otherwise.
8. D if the kernel has died recently, i.e. there was an OOPS or BUG.
9. A if the ACPI table has been overridden.

10. W if a warning has previously been issued by the kernel.(Though some warnings may set more specific taint flags.)
11. C if a staging driver has been loaded.
12. I if the kernel is working around a severe bug in the platformfirmware (BIOS or similar).
13. O if an externally-built (“out-of-tree”) module has been loaded.
14. E if an unsigned module has been loaded in a kernel supportingmodule signature.
15. L if a soft lockup has previously occurred on the system.
16. K if the kernel has been live patched.

    Tainted信息用于告知内核目前是否干净，并且信息是永久存在，并不会因模块的移除而消失。Tainted信息的出现出现一般意味着当前内核是不可信的。