OOPS信息中一般包含Not tainted信息,说明内核没有被污染,但一旦看到是Tainted: ,且后面跟有字符,则说明目前运行的被污染内核。各字符具体含义如下:
- ‘G’ if all modules loaded have a GPL or compatible license, ‘P’ ifany proprietary module has been loaded. Modules without aMODULE_LICENSE or with a MODULE_LICENSE that is not recognised byinsmod as GPL compatible are assumed to be proprietary.
F
if any module was force loaded byinsmod -f
,' '
if allmodules were loaded normally.S
if the oops occurred on an SMP kernel running on hardware thathasn’t been certified as safe to run multiprocessor.Currently this occurs only on various Athlons that are not SMP capable.R
if a module was force unloaded byrmmod -f
,' '
if allmodules were unloaded normally.M
if any processor has reported a Machine Check Exception,''
if no Machine Check Exceptions have occurred.B
if a page-release function has found a bad page reference orsome unexpected page flags.U
if a user or user application specifically requested that theTainted flag be set,' '
otherwise.D
if the kernel has died recently, i.e. there was an OOPS or BUG.A
if the ACPI table has been overridden.
W
if a warning has previously been issued by the kernel.(Though some warnings may set more specific taint flags.)C
if a staging driver has been loaded.I
if the kernel is working around a severe bug in the platformfirmware (BIOS or similar).O
if an externally-built (“out-of-tree”) module has been loaded.E
if an unsigned module has been loaded in a kernel supportingmodule signature.L
if a soft lockup has previously occurred on the system.K
if the kernel has been live patched.
Tainted信息用于告知内核目前是否干净,并且信息是永久存在,并不会因模块的移除而消失。Tainted信息的出现出现一般意味着当前内核是不可信的。