MySQL定时任务event,储存过程(定时删除指定时间前90天指定表的数据)
由于一些业务需求,我们可能需要定时清除数据库一些废弃的数据,可以使用mysql的存储过程和事件来完成。
下面例子定时清除日志表tbl_base_count中指定天数前的数据
1.创建日志表tbl_base_count:
[sql] view plain
1. CREATE TABLE `tbl_base_count` (
2. `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
3. `CAPTCHA` varchar(12) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL,
4. `PHONE` varchar(12) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL,
5. `SENDTIME` varchar(32) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL,
6. PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
7. ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=15 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin;
2.创建事件e_del_tbl_base_count:
[sql] view plain
1. CREATE EVENT `e_del_tbl_base_count`
2. ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 DAY STARTS '2013-06-23 17:33:43'
3. ON COMPLETION NOT PRESERVE ENABLE DO CALL p_del_count (90);
上面代码表示从2013-07-30 17:33:43起每一天执行一次p_del_count这个存储过程,并带上参数
3.创建存储过程:
[sql] view plain
1. p_del_count
2. DELIMITER $$
3.
4. --
5. -- 存储过程
6. --
7. CREATE PROCEDURE `p_del_count`(IN `date_inter` INT)
8. BEGIN
9. DELETE FROM LOG WHERE (TO_DAYS(NOW()) - TO_DAYS(FROM_UNIXTIME(SENDTIME)))>=date_inter;
10. END$$
11. DELIMITER ;
按事件传过来的参数90,删除操作时间90天之前的数据
这样mysql就会定制每天去执行这个任务了。
4.(一)查看当前是否已开启事件计划(调度器)有3种方法:
[sql] view plain
1. SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'event_scheduler';
2. SELECT @@event_scheduler;
3. SHOW PROCESSLIST;
5.(二)开启事件计划(调度器)开关有4种方法:
[sql] view plain
1. SET GLOBAL event_scheduler = 1;
2. SET @@global.event_scheduler = 1;
3. SET GLOBAL event_scheduler = ON;
4. SET @@global.event_scheduler = ON;
键值1或者ON表示开启;0或者OFF表示关闭;
6.(三)事件开启与关闭:
[sql] view plain
1. 开启某事件:ALTER EVENT e_del_logs ON COMPLETION PRESERVE ENABLE;
2. 关闭某事件:ALTER EVENT e_del_logs ON COMPLETION PRESERVE DISABLE;
---------------------------------------案例-----------------------------------
CREATE TABLE `admin`.`tbl_base_count` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`CAPTCHA` varchar(12) NOT NULL,
`PHONE` varchar(12) NOT NULL,
`SENDTIME` varchar(32) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=15 ;
-- 新增事件
CREATE event `e_del_tbl_base_counts`
ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 DAY STARTS '2017-03-22 14:15:00'
ON COMPLETION NOT PRESERVE ENABLE DO CALL p_del_counts (1);
-- 修改事件
alter event `e_del_tbl_base_counts`
ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 DAY STARTS '2017-03-22 14:15:00'
ON COMPLETION NOT PRESERVE ENABLE DO CALL p_del_counts (1);
-- 删除事件
drop event if exists e_del_tbl_base_counts;
-- 新建存储过程
p_del_counts
DELIMITER $$
--
-- 存储过程
--
CREATE PROCEDURE `p_del_counts`(IN `date_inter` INT)
BEGIN
DELETE FROM admin.tbl_base_count WHERE (TO_DAYS(NOW()) - TO_DAYS(FROM_UNIXTIME(unix_timestamp(SENDTIME),'%Y%m%d')))>=date_inter;
END$$
DELIMITER ;
select * FROM admin.tbl_base_count WHERE (TO_DAYS(NOW()) - TO_DAYS(FROM_UNIXTIME(unix_timestamp(SENDTIME),'%Y%m%d')))>=1;
-- 删除存储过程
drop PROCEDURE `p_del_counts`;
-- 查看当前是否已开启事件计划(调度器)有3种方法:
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'event_scheduler';
SELECT @@event_scheduler;
SHOW PROCESSLIST;
-- 开启事件计划(调度器)开关有4种方法: 键值1或者ON表示开启;0或者OFF表示关闭;
SET GLOBAL event_scheduler = 1;
SET @@global.event_scheduler = 1;
SET GLOBAL event_scheduler = ON;
SET @@global.event_scheduler = ON;
-- 开启某事件
ALTER EVENT e_del_tbl_base_counts ON COMPLETION PRESERVE ENABLE ;
-- 关闭某事件
alter event e_del_tbl_base_counts on completion preserve disable;
======================详细讲解===========================
MySQL5.1.x版本中引入了一项新特性EVENT,顾名思义就是事件、定时任务机制,在指定的时间单元内执行特定的任务,因此今后一些对数据定时性操作不再依赖外部程序,而直接使用数据库本身提供的功能。
创建EVENT非常简单,语法如下:
CREATE |
例如创建一个每30秒清空tableA数据的任务
CREATE EVENT E_DELETE_ASO_TOKEN ON SCHEDULE EVERY 30 SECOND DO DELETE FROM tableA ; |
默认EVENT支持是没有启动的,可以通过下面的命令来查看状态:
Select @@event_scheduler; |
如果返回OFF,则需要执行下面的命令启动:
SET GLOBAL event_scheduler = ON; |
好了,上面虽然启动了EVENT,但是每次重启MySQL之后EVENT并没有自动启动,
那么如何让它自动启动呢?
方法之一:找到当前使用的.cnf文件,在[mysqld]的下面加入如下行...
event_scheduler=1 |
方法二:启动mysql的时候增加--event_scheduler=1
mysql start --event_scheduler=1 |
事件详细语法事例(EVENT)
1>创建事件(CREATE EVENT)
先来看一下它的语法:
CREATE EVENT [IF NOT EXISTS] event_name
ON SCHEDULE schedule
[ON COMPLETION [NOT] PRESERVE]
[ENABLE | DISABLE]
[COMMENT 'comment']
DO sql_statement;
schedule:
AT TIMESTAMP [+ INTERVAL INTERVAL]
| EVERY INTERVAL [STARTS TIMESTAMP] [ENDS TIMESTAMP]
INTERVAL:
quantity {YEAR | QUARTER | MONTH | DAY | HOUR | MINUTE |
WEEK | SECOND | YEAR_MONTH | DAY_HOUR | DAY_MINUTE |
DAY_SECOND | HOUR_MINUTE | HOUR_SECOND | MINUTE_SECOND}
1) 首先来看一个简单的例子来演示每秒插入一条记录到数据表
USE test;CREATE TABLE aaa (timeline TIMESTAMP);CREATE EVENT e_test_insert
ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 SECOND
DO INSERT INTO test.aaa VALUES (CURRENT_TIMESTAMP);
等待3秒钟后,再执行查询看看:
mysql> SELECT * FROM aaa;
+---------------------+
| timeline |
+---------------------+
| 2007-07-18 20:44:26 |
| 2007-07-18 20:44:27 |
| 2007-07-18 20:44:28 |
+---------------------+
2) 5天后清空test表:
CREATE EVENT e_test
ON SCHEDULE AT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP + INTERVAL 5 DAY
DO TRUNCATE TABLE test.aaa;
3) 2007年7月20日12点整清空test表:
CREATE EVENT e_test
ON SCHEDULE AT TIMESTAMP '2007-07-20 12:00:00'
DO TRUNCATE TABLE test.aaa;
4) 每天定时清空test表:
CREATE EVENT e_test
ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 DAY
DO TRUNCATE TABLE test.aaa;
5) 5天后开启每天定时清空test表:
CREATE EVENT e_test
ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 DAY
STARTS CURRENT_TIMESTAMP + INTERVAL 5 DAY
DO TRUNCATE TABLE test.aaa;
6) 每天定时清空test表,5天后停止执行:
CREATE EVENT e_test
ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 DAY
ENDS CURRENT_TIMESTAMP + INTERVAL 5 DAY
DO TRUNCATE TABLE test.aaa;
7) 5天后开启每天定时清空test表,一个月后停止执行:
CREATE EVENT e_test
ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 DAY
STARTS CURRENT_TIMESTAMP + INTERVAL 5 DAY
ENDS CURRENT_TIMESTAMP + INTERVAL 1 MONTH
DO TRUNCATE TABLE test.aaa;
[ON COMPLETION [NOT] PRESERVE]可以设置这个事件是执行一次还是持久执行,默认为NOT PRESERVE。
8) 每天定时清空test表(只执行一次,任务完成后就终止该事件):
CREATE EVENT e_test
ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 DAY
ON COMPLETION NOT PRESERVE
DO TRUNCATE TABLE test.aaa;
[ENABLE | DISABLE]可是设置该事件创建后状态是否开启或关闭,默认为ENABLE。
[COMMENT ‘comment’]可以给该事件加上注释。
2>修改事件(ALTER EVENT)
ALTER EVENT event_name
[ON SCHEDULE schedule]
[RENAME TO new_event_name]
[ON COMPLETION [NOT] PRESERVE]
[COMMENT 'comment']
[ENABLE | DISABLE]
[DO sql_statement]
1) 临时关闭事件
ALTER EVENT e_test DISABLE;
2) 开启事件
ALTER EVENT e_test ENABLE;
3) 将每天清空test表改为5天清空一次:
ALTER EVENT e_test
ON SCHEDULE EVERY 5 DAY;
3>删除事件(DROP EVENT)
语法很简单,如下所示:
DROP EVENT [IF EXISTS] event_name
例如删除前面创建的e_test事件
DROP EVENT e_test;
当然前提是这个事件存在,否则会产生ERROR 1513 (HY000): Unknown event错误,因此最好加上IF EXISTS
DROP EVENT IF EXISTS e_test;