1.nvl(exp1,exp2)
NVL lets you replace null (returned as a blank) with a string in the results of a query. If expr1 is null, then NVL returns expr2. If expr1 is not null, then NVL returnsexpr1.
该函数是处理表达式中的空值:假设表达式exp1是空值,则该函数返回表达式exp2的值,
假设表达式exp1没有是空值,则该函数返回表达式exp1的值。
2.nvl2(exp1,exp2,exp3)
NVL2 lets you determine the value returned by a query based on whether a specified expression is null or not null. If expr1 is not null, then NVL2 returns expr2. Ifexpr1 is null, then NVL2 returns expr3.
该函数决意exp1离去是空值和非空值时返回哪个表达式:
假设exp1为空值,则返回exp3
假设exp1非空,返回exp2
3.coalesce(exp1,exp2,…)
COALESCE returns the first non-null expr in the expression list. You must specify at least two expressions. If all occurrences of expr evaluate to null, then the function returns null.
该函数正在括号里全数的表达式中返回第一个非空值,假设都是空值,则返回空值,表达式最少是两个。