hibernate原理和流程

开发步骤：

创建配置对象Configuration读取配置文件hibernate.cfg.xml，获得配置对象Configuration创建sessionFactory读取对象关系映射文件，获得sessionFactory对象创建session对象（类似于JDBC的connection对象），获得session对象相对于创建数据库连接对象，开启事务，执行session的各种方法。

步骤：

1 创建hibernate配置文件

<session-factory>
    	<property name="connection.username">root</property>
    	<property name="connection.password">123456</property>
    	<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
    	<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///hibernate?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8</property>
    	<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
   
   		<property name="show_sql">true</property>
   		<property name="format_sql">true</property>
   		<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>
   		
    </session-factory>

2 创建持久化类

public class Students {
	// JavaBeans设计原则
	// 1 公有的类
	// 2 提供公有的不带参数的默认的构造函数
	// 3 属性私有
	// 4 属性setter/getter封装

	private int sid;
	private String sname;
	private String gender;
	private Date birthday;
	private String address;

	public Students() {
	}

	public Students(int sid, String sname, String gender, Date birthday, String address) {
		// super();
		this.sid = sid;
		this.sname = sname;
		this.gender = gender;
		this.birthday = birthday;
		this.address = address;
	}

	public int getSid() {
		return sid;
	}

	public void setSid(int sid) {
		this.sid = sid;
	}

	public String getSname() {
		return sname;
	}

	public void setSname(String sname) {
		this.sname = sname;
	}

	public String getGender() {
		return gender;
	}

	public void setGender(String gender) {
		this.gender = gender;
	}

	public Date getBirthday() {
		return birthday;
	}

	public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
		this.birthday = birthday;
	}

	public String getAddress() {
		return address;
	}

	public void setAddress(String address) {
		this.address = address;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Students [sid=" + sid + ", sname=" + sname + ", gender=" + gender + ", birthday=" + birthday
				+ ", address=" + address + "]";
	}

}

3 创建对象--关系映射文件

利用create hibernate XML Mapping File,自动生成.hbm.xml文档

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 2016-2-24 13:39:23 by Hibernate Tools 3.5.0.Final -->
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="hibernate_001.Students" table="STUDENTS">
        <id name="sid" type="int">
            <column name="SID" />
            <generator class="assigned" />
        </id>
        <property name="sname" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="SNAME" />
        </property>
        <property name="gender" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="GENDER" />
        </property>
        <property name="birthday" type="java.util.Date">
            <column name="BIRTHDAY" />
        </property>
        <property name="address" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="ADDRESS" />
        </property>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

生成文档后，加入到hibernate配置文档中

<mapping resource="hibernate_001/Students.hbm.xml"/>

4 访问数据库

                //创建配置对象
		Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();
		//创建服务注册对象
		ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(config.getProperties()).buildServiceRegistry();
		//创建会话工厂
		sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
		//会话对象
		session = sessionFactory.openSession();
		//开启事务
		transaction = session.beginTransaction();