一 应用场景描述
线上业务使用RabbitMQ作为消息队列中间件，那么作为运维人员对RabbitMQ的监控就很重要，本文就针对如何从头到尾使用Zabbix来监控RabbitMQ进行说明。
二 RabbitMQ监控要点
RabbitMQ官方提供两种方法来管理和监控RabbitMQ。
1.使用rabbitmqctl管理和监控
Usage:
rabbitmqctl [-n <node>] [-q] <command> [<command options>]
查看虚拟主机
# rabbitmqctl list_vhosts
查看队列
# rabbitmqctl list_queues
查看exchanges
# rabbitmqctl list_exchanges
查看用户
# rabbitmqctl list_users
查看连接
# rabbitmqctl list_connections
查看消费者信息
# rabbitmqctl list_consumers
查看环境变量
# rabbitmqctl environment
查看未被确认的队列
# rabbitmqctl list_queues name messages_unacknowledged
查看单个队列的内存使用
# rabbitmqctl list_queues name memory
查看准备就绪的队列
# rabbitmqctl list_queues name messages_ready
2.使用RabbitMQ Management插件来监控和管理
开启Management插件
# rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
通过这样的网址访问可以看到RabbitMQ的状态
http://172.28.2.157:15672/cli/rabbitmqadmin
下载rabbitmqadmin管理工具
获取vhost列表
# curl -i -u guest:guest http://localhost:15672/api/vhosts
获取频道列表，限制显示格式
# curl -i -u guest:guest "http://localhost:15672/api/channels?sort=message_stats.publish_details.rate&sort_reverse=true&columns=name,message_stats.publish_details.rate,message_stats.deliver_get_details.rate"
显示概括信息
# curl -i -u guest:guest "http://localhost:15672/api/overview"
management_version 管理插件版本
cluster_name 整个RabbitMQ集群的名称，通过rabbitmqctl set_cluster_name 进行设置
publish 发布的消息总数
queue_totals 显示准备就绪的消息，未确认的消息，未提交的消息等
statistics_db_event_queue 显示还未必数据库处理的事件数量
consumers 消费者个数
queues 队列长度
exchanges 队列交换机的数量
connections 连接数
channels 频道数量
显示节点信息
# curl -i -u guest:guest "http://localhost:15672/api/nodes"
disk_free 磁盘剩余空间，以字节表示
disk_free_limit 磁盘报警的阀值
fd_used 使用掉的文件描述符数量
fd_total 可用的文件描述符数量
io_read_avg_time 读操作平均时间，毫秒为单位
io_read_bytes 总共读入磁盘数据大小，以字节为单位
io_read_count 总共读操作的数量
io_seek_avg_time seek操作的平均时间，毫秒单位
io_seek_count seek操作总量
io_sync_avg_time fsync操作的平均时间，毫秒为单位
io_sync_count fsync操作的总量
io_write_avg_time 每个磁盘写操作的平均时间，毫秒为单位
io_write_bytes 写入磁盘数据总量，以字节为单位
io_write_count 磁盘写操作总量
mem_used 内存使用字节
mem_limit 内存报警阀值，默认是总的物理内存的40%
mnesia_disk_tx_count 需要写入到磁盘的Mnesia事务的数量
mnesia_ram_tx_count 不需要写入到磁盘的Mnesia事务的数量
msg_store_write_count 写入到消息存储的消息数量
msg_store_read_count 从消息存储读入的消息数量
proc_used Erlang进程的使用数量
proc_total Erlang进程的最大数量
queue_index_journal_write_count 写入到队列索引日志的记录数量。每条记录表示一个被发布到队列，从消息队列中被投递出或者在消息队列中被q确认的消息
queue_index_read_count 从队列索引读出的记录数量
queue_index_write_count 写入到队列索引的记录数量
sockets_used 以socket方式使用掉的文件描述符数量
partitions
uptime 自从Erlang VM启动时，运行的时间，单位好毫秒
run_queue 等待运行的Erlang进程数量
processors 检测到被Erlang进程使用到的内核数量
net_ticktime 当前设置的内核tick time
查看频道信息
# curl -i -u guest:guest "http://localhost:15672/api/channels"
查看交换机信息
# curl -i -u guest:guest "http://localhost:15672/api/exchanges"
查看队列信息
# curl -i -u guest:guest "http://localhost:15672/api/queues"
查看vhosts信息
# curl -i -u guest:guest "http://localhost:15672/api/vhosts/?name=/"
三 编写监控脚本和添加Zabbix配置文件
监控脚本主要包括三个部分，监控overview，监控当前主机的节点信息，还有监控各个队列
根据网上的脚本进行了修改，新增加了很多监控项目，把原来脚本中的filter去掉了
这里顺便提一下，对于网上的各种代码，不能拿来就用，要结合自身的需求对代码进行分析，也可以提升自己的编码能力，如果只是一味地拿来就用，那永远也得不到提高。
rabbitmq_status.py
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#!/usr/bin/env /usr/bin/python
'''Python module to query the RabbitMQ Management Plugin REST API and get
results that can then be used by Zabbix.
https://github.com/jasonmcintosh/rabbitmq-zabbix
'''
'''
This script is tested on RabbitMQ 3.5.3
'''
import
json
import
optparse
import
socket
import
urllib2
import
subprocess
import
tempfile
import
os
import
logging
logging.basicConfig(filename
=
'/opt/logs/zabbix/rabbitmq_zabbix.log'
, level
=
logging.WARNING,
format
=
'%(asctime)s %(levelname)s: %(message)s'
)
class
RabbitMQAPI(
object
):
'''Class for RabbitMQ Management API'''
def
__init__(
self
, user_name
=
'guest'
, password
=
'guest'
, host_name
=
'',
protocol
=
'http'
, port
=
15672
, conf
=
'/opt/app/zabbix/conf/zabbix_agentd.conf'
, senderhostname
=
None
):
self
.user_name
=
user_name
self
.password
=
password
self
.host_name
=
host_name
or
socket.gethostname()
self
.protocol
=
protocol
self
.port
=
port
self
.conf
=
conf
or
'/opt/app/zabbix/conf/zabbix_agentd.conf'
self
.senderhostname
=
senderhostname
if
senderhostname
else
host_name
def
call_api(
self
, path):
'''
All URIs will server only resource of type application/json,and will require HTTP basic authentication. The default username and password is guest/guest. /%sf is encoded for the default virtual host '/'
'''
url
=
'{0}://{1}:{2}/api/{3}'
.
format
(
self
.protocol,
self
.host_name,
self
.port, path)
password_mgr
=
urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm()
password_mgr.add_password(
None
, url,
self
.user_name,
self
.password)
handler
=
urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(password_mgr)
logging.debug(
'Issue a rabbit API call to get data on '
+
path)
######## json.loads() transfer json data to python data
######## json.dump() transfer python data to json data
return
json.loads(urllib2.build_opener(handler).
open
(url).read())
def
list_queues(
self
):
''' curl -i -u guest:guest http://localhost:15672/api/queues
return a list
'''
queues
=
[]
for
queue
in
self
.call_api(
'queues'
):
logging.debug(
"Discovered queue "
+
queue[
'name'
])
element
=
{
'{#VHOSTNAME}'
: queue[
'vhost'
],
'{#QUEUENAME}'
: queue[
'name'
]
}
queues.append(element)
logging.debug(
'Discovered queue '
+
queue[
'vhost'
]
+
'/'
+
queue[
'name'
])
return
queues
def
list_nodes(
self
):
'''Lists all rabbitMQ nodes in the cluster'''
nodes
=
[]
for
node
in
self
.call_api(
'nodes'
):
# We need to return the node name, because Zabbix
# does not support @ as an item parameter
name
=
node[
'name'
].split(
'@'
)[
1
]
element
=
{
'{#NODENAME}'
: name,
'{#NODETYPE}'
: node[
'type'
]}
nodes.append(element)
logging.debug(
'Discovered nodes '
+
name
+
'/'
+
node[
'type'
])
return
nodes
def
check_queue(
self
):
'''Return the value for a specific item in a queue's details.'''
return_code
=
0
#### use tempfile module to create a file on memory, will not be deleted when it is closed , because 'delete' argument is set to False
rdatafile
=
tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(delete
=
False
)
for
queue
in
self
.call_api(
'queues'
):
self
._get_queue_data(queue, rdatafile)
rdatafile.close()
return_code
=
self
._send_queue_data(rdatafile)
#### os.unlink is used to remove a file
os.unlink(rdatafile.name)
return
return_code
def
_get_queue_data(
self
, queue, tmpfile):
'''Prepare the queue data for sending'''
'''
### one single queue's information like this #####
### curl -i -u guest:guest http://localhost:15672/api/queues dumps a list ###
{"memory":32064,"message_stats":{"ack":3870,"ack_details":{"rate":0.0},"deliver":3871,"deliver_details":{"rate":0.0},"deliver_get":3871,"deliver_get_details":{"rate":0.0},"disk_writes":3870,"disk_writes_details":{"rate":0.0},"publish":3870,"publish_details":{"rate":0.0},"redeliver":1,"redeliver_details":{"rate":0.0}},"messages":0,"messages_details":{"rate":0.0},"messages_ready":0,"messages_ready_details":{"rate":0.0},"messages_unacknowledged":0,"messages_unacknowledged_details":{"rate":0.0},"idle_since":"2016-03-01 22:04:22","consumer_utilisation":"","policy":"","exclusive_consumer_tag":"","consumers":4,"recoverable_slaves":"","state":"running","messages_ram":0,"messages_ready_ram":0,"messages_unacknowledged_ram":0,"messages_persistent":0,"message_bytes":0,"message_bytes_ready":0,"message_bytes_unacknowledged":0,"message_bytes_ram":0,"message_bytes_persistent":0,"disk_reads":0,"disk_writes":3870,"backing_queue_status":{"q1":0,"q2":0,"delta":["delta",0,0,0],"q3":0,"q4":0,"len":0,"target_ram_count":"infinity","next_seq_id":3870,"avg_ingress_rate":0.060962064328682466,"avg_egress_rate":0.060962064328682466,"avg_ack_ingress_rate":0.060962064328682466,"avg_ack_egress_rate":0.060962064328682466},"name":"app000","vhost":"/","durable":true,"auto_delete":false,"arguments":{},"node":"rabbit@test2"}
'''
for
item
in
[
'memory'
,
'messages'
,
'messages_ready'
,
'messages_unacknowledged'
,
'consumers'
]:
#key = rabbitmq.queues[/,queue_memory,queue.helloWorld]
key
=
'"rabbitmq.queues[{0},queue_{1},{2}]"'
.
format
(queue[
'vhost'
], item, queue[
'name'
])
### if item is in queue,value=queue[item],else value=0
value
=
queue.get(item,
0
)
logging.debug(
"SENDER_DATA: - %s %s"
%
(key,value))
tmpfile.write(
"- %s %s\n"
%
(key, value))
## This is a non standard bit of information added after the standard items
for
item
in
[
'deliver_get'
,
'publish'
]:
key
=
'"rabbitmq.queues[{0},queue_message_stats_{1},{2}]"'
.
format
(queue[
'vhost'
], item, queue[
'name'
])
value
=
queue.get(
'message_stats'
, {}).get(item,
0
)
logging.debug(
"SENDER_DATA: - %s %s"
%
(key,value))
tmpfile.write(
"- %s %s\n"
%
(key, value))
def
_send_queue_data(
self
, tmpfile):
'''Send the queue data to Zabbix.'''
'''Get key value from temp file. '''
args
=
'/opt/app/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_sender -c {0} -i {1}'
if
self
.senderhostname:
args
=
args
+
" -s "
+
self
.senderhostname
return_code
=
0
process
=
subprocess.Popen(args.
format
(
self
.conf, tmpfile.name),
shell
=
True
, stdout
=
subprocess.PIPE,
stderr
=
subprocess.PIPE)
out, err
=
process.communicate()
logging.debug(
"Finished sending data"
)
return_code
=
process.wait()
logging.info(
"Found return code of "
+
str
(return_code))
if
return_code !
=
0
:
logging.warning(out)
logging.warning(err)
else
:
logging.debug(err)
logging.debug(out)
return
return_code
def
check_aliveness(
self
):
'''Check the aliveness status of a given vhost. '''
'''virtual host '/' should be encoded as '/%2f' '''
return
self
.call_api(
'aliveness-test/%2f'
)[
'status'
]
def
check_overview(
self
, item):
'''First, check the overview specific items'''
''' curl -i -u guest:guest http://localhost:15672/api/overview '''
## rabbitmq[overview,connections]
if
item
in
[
'channels'
,
'connections'
,
'consumers'
,
'exchanges'
,
'queues'
]:
return
self
.call_api(
'overview'
).get(
'object_totals'
).get(item,
0
)
## rabbitmq[overview,messages]
elif
item
in
[
'messages'
,
'messages_ready'
,
'messages_unacknowledged'
]:
return
self
.call_api(
'overview'
).get(
'queue_totals'
).get(item,
0
)
elif
item
=
=
'message_stats_deliver_get'
:
return
self
.call_api(
'overview'
).get(
'message_stats'
, {}).get(
'deliver_get'
,
0
)
elif
item
=
=
'message_stats_publish'
:
return
self
.call_api(
'overview'
).get(
'message_stats'
, {}).get(
'publish'
,
0
)
elif
item
=
=
'message_stats_ack'
:
return
self
.call_api(
'overview'
).get(
'message_stats'
, {}).get(
'ack'
,
0
)
elif
item
=
=
'message_stats_redeliver'
:
return
self
.call_api(
'overview'
).get(
'message_stats'
, {}).get(
'redeliver'
,
0
)
elif
item
=
=
'rabbitmq_version'
:
return
self
.call_api(
'overview'
).get(
'rabbitmq_version'
,
'None'
)
def
check_server(
self
,item,node_name):
'''Return the value for a specific item in a node's details. '''
'''curl -i -u guest:guest http://localhost:15672/api/nodes'''
'''return a list'''
# hostname hk-prod-mq1.example.com
# self.call_api('nodes')[0]['name'] rabbit@hk-prod-mq1
node_name
=
node_name.split(
'.'
)[
0
]
for
nodeData
in
self
.call_api(
'nodes'
):
if
node_name
in
nodeData[
'name'
]:
return
nodeData.get(item,
0
)
return
'Not Found'
def
main():
'''Command-line parameters and decoding for Zabbix use/consumption.'''
choices
=
[
'list_queues'
,
'list_nodes'
,
'queues'
,
'check_aliveness'
,
'overview'
,
'server'
]
parser
=
optparse.OptionParser()
parser.add_option(
'--username'
,
help
=
'RabbitMQ API username'
,
default
=
'guest'
)
parser.add_option(
'--password'
,
help
=
'RabbitMQ API password'
,
default
=
'guest'
)
parser.add_option(
'--hostname'
,
help
=
'RabbitMQ API host'
,
default
=
socket.gethostname())
parser.add_option(
'--protocol'
,
help
=
'RabbitMQ API protocol (http or https)'
,
default
=
'http'
)
parser.add_option(
'--port'
,
help
=
'RabbitMQ API port'
,
type
=
'int'
,
default
=
15672
)
parser.add_option(
'--check'
,
type
=
'choice'
, choices
=
choices,
help
=
'Type of check'
)
parser.add_option(
'--metric'
,
help
=
'Which metric to evaluate'
, default
=
'')
parser.add_option(
'--node'
,
help
=
'Which node to check (valid for --check=server)'
)
parser.add_option(
'--conf'
, default
=
'/opt/app/zabbix/conf/zabbix_agentd.conf'
)
parser.add_option(
'--senderhostname'
, default
=
'
', help='
Allows including a sender parameter on calls to zabbix_sender')
(options, args)
=
parser.parse_args()
if
not
options.check:
parser.error(
'At least one check should be specified'
)
logging.debug(
"Started trying to process data"
)
api
=
RabbitMQAPI(user_name
=
options.username, password
=
options.password,
host_name
=
options.hostname, protocol
=
options.protocol, port
=
options.port,
conf
=
options.conf, senderhostname
=
options.senderhostname)
if
options.check
=
=
'list_queues'
:
print
json.dumps({
'data'
: api.list_queues()},indent
=
4
,separators
=
(
','
,
':'
))
elif
options.check
=
=
'list_nodes'
:
print
json.dumps({
'data'
: api.list_nodes()},indent
=
4
,separators
=
(
','
,
':'
))
elif
options.check
=
=
'queues'
:
print
api.check_queue()
elif
options.check
=
=
'check_aliveness'
:
print
api.check_aliveness()
elif
options.check
=
=
'overview'
:
#rabbitmq[overview,connections]
#--check=overview --metric=connections
if
not
options.metric:
parser.error(
'Missing required parameter: "metric"'
)
else
:
if
options.node:
print
api.check_overview(options.metric)
else
:
print
api.check_overview(options.metric)
elif
options.check
=
=
'server'
:
#rabbitmq[server,sockets_used]
#--check=server --metric=sockets_used
if
not
options.metric:
parser.error(
'Missing required parameter: "metric"'
)
else
:
if
options.node:
print
api.check_server(options.metric,options.node)
else
:
print
api.check_server(options.metric,api.host_name)
if
__name__
=
=
'__main__'
:
main()
|
脚本思路：
-
使用urllib2模块访问RabbitMQ的API接口
-
对API接口返回的数据进行处理
-
overview和nodes的数据通过zabbix_agent获取，queues通过zabbix_sender推送给zabbix，zabbix_sender推送之前需要有一个zabbix_agent的key进行主动触发
rabbitmq_status.conf
|
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UserParameter=rabbitmq.discovery_queue,/usr/bin/python /opt/app/zabbix/sbin/rabbitmq_status.py --check=list_queues
UserParameter=rabbitmq.queues,/usr/bin/python /opt/app/zabbix/sbin/rabbitmq_status.py --check=queues
UserParameter=rabbitmq[*],/usr/bin/python /opt/app/zabbix/sbin/rabbitmq_status.py --check=$1 --metric=$2
|
参考文档：
http://blog.thomasvandoren.com/monitoring-rabbitmq-queues-with-zabbix.html
http://www.rabbitmq.com/how.html#management
https://github.com/alfss/zabbix-rabbitmq
https://cdn.rawgit.com/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-management/rabbitmq_v3_6_0/priv/www/api/index.html
https://github.com/jasonmcintosh/rabbitmq-zabbix
http://chase-seibert.github.io/blog/2011/07/01/checking-rabbitmq-queue-sizeage-with-nagios.html
参考文档：
http://blog.thomasvandoren.com/monitoring-rabbitmq-queues-with-zabbix.html
http://www.rabbitmq.com/how.html#management
https://github.com/alfss/zabbix-rabbitmq
https://cdn.rawgit.com/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-management/rabbitmq_v3_6_0/priv/www/api/index.html
https://github.com/jasonmcintosh/rabbitmq-zabbix
http://chase-seibert.github.io/blog/2011/07/01/checking-rabbitmq-queue-sizeage-with-nagios.html
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