一些记录:
--Oracle trunc()函数的用法
/**************日期********************/
1.select trunc(sysdate) from dual --2011-3-18 今天的日期为2011-3-18
2.select trunc(sysdate, 'mm') from dual --2011-3-1 返回当月第一天.
3.select trunc(sysdate,'yy') from dual --2011-1-1 返回当年第一天
4.select trunc(sysdate,'dd') from dual --2011-3-18 返回当前年月日
5.select trunc(sysdate,'yyyy') from dual --2011-1-1 返回当年第一天
6.select trunc(sysdate,'d') from dual --2011-3-13 (星期天)返回当前星期的第一天
7.select trunc(sysdate, 'hh') from dual --2011-3-18 14:00:00 当前时间为14:41
8.select trunc(sysdate, 'mi') from dual --2011-3-18 14:41:00 TRUNC()函数没有秒的精确
/***************数字********************/
/*
TRUNC(number,num_digits)
Number 需要截尾取整的数字。
Num_digits 用于指定取整精度的数字。Num_digits 的默认值为 0。
TRUNC()函数截取时不进行四舍五入
*/
9.select trunc(123.458) from dual --123
10.select trunc(123.458,0) from dual --123
11.select trunc(123.458,1) from dual --123.4
12.select trunc(123.458,-1) from dual --120
13.select trunc(123.458,-4) from dual --0
14.select trunc(123.458,4) from dual --123.458
15.select trunc(123) from dual --123
16.select trunc(123,1) from dual --123
17.select trunc(123,-1) from dual --120
=====================================================================================================
//oracle中extract()函数从oracle 9i中引入,用于从一个
date
或者interval类型中截取到特定的部分
//语法如下:
EXTRACT (
{
YEAR
|
MONTH
|
DAY
|
HOUR
|
MINUTE
|
SECOND
}
| { TIMEZONE_HOUR | TIMEZONE_MINUTE }
| { TIMEZONE_REGION | TIMEZONE_ABBR }
FROM
{ date_value | interval_value } )
//我们只可以从一个
date
类型中截取
year
,
month
,
day
(
date
日期的格式为yyyy-mm-dd);
//我们只可以从一个
timestamp
with
time
zone 的数据类型中截取TIMEZONE_HOUR和TIMEZONE_MINUTE;
select
extract(
year
from
date
'2011-05-17'
)
year
from
dual;
YEAR
----------
2011
select
extract(
month
from
date
'2011-05-17'
)
month
from
dual;
MONTH
----------
5
select
extract(
day
from
date
'2011-05-17'
)
day
from
dual;
DAY
----------
17
//获取两个日期之间的具体时间间隔,extract函数是最好的选择
select
extract(
day
from
dt2-dt1)
day
,extract(
hour
from
dt2-dt1)
hour
,extract(
minute
from
dt2-dt1)
minute
,extract(
second
from
dt2-dt1)
second
from
(
select
to_timestamp(
'2011-02-04 15:07:00'
,
'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'
) dt1
,to_timestamp(
'2011-05-17 19:08:46'
,
'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'
) dt2
from
dual)
/
DAY
HOUR
MINUTE
SECOND
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
102 4 1 46
--
select
extract(
year
from
systimestamp)
year
,extract(
month
from
systimestamp)
month
,extract(
day
from
systimestamp)
day
,extract(
minute
from
systimestamp)
minute
,extract(
second
from
systimestamp)
second
,extract(timezone_hour
from
systimestamp) th
,extract(timezone_minute
from
systimestamp) tm
,extract(timezone_region
from
systimestamp) tr
,extract(timezone_abbr
from
systimestamp) ta
from
dual
/
YEAR
MONTH
DAY
MINUTE
SECOND
TH TM TR TA
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ----------
2011 5 17 7 14.843 8 0 UNKNOWN UNK
//