practical sed commands

man sed
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  g：[address[,address]]g 将hold space中的内容拷贝到pattern space中，原来pattern space里的内容清除

  G：[address[,address]]G 将hold space中的内容append到pattern space\n后

  h：[address[,address]]h 将pattern space中的内容拷贝到hold space中，原来的hold space里的内容被清除

  H：[address[,address]]H 将pattern space中的内容append到hold space\n后

  d：[address[,address]]d 删除pattern中的所有行，并读入下一新行到pattern中

  D：[address[,address]]D 删除multiline pattern中的第一行，不读入下一行

  p: Print the current pattern space

  P：Print up to the first embedded newline of the current pattern space.

  D：If pattern space contains no newline, start a normal new cycle as if the d command was issued. 
     Otherwise, delete text in the pattern space up to the first newline, and restart cycle with 
     the resultant pattern space, without reading a new line of input.

  N：Add a newline to the pattern space, then append the next line of input to the pattern space. 
     If there is no more input then sed exits without processing any more commands.

  =: Print the current line number
  
  a \text:
     Append text, which has each embedded newline preceded by a backslash

  i \text:
     Insert text, which has each embedded newline preceded by a backslash

  q [exit-code]:
     Immediately quit the sed script without processing any more input, except
     that if auto-print is not disabled the current pattern space will be printed
     The exit code argument is a GNU extension

  Q [exit-code]:
     Immediately quit the sed script without processing any more input. This is 
     a GNU extension

  r filename:
     Append text read from filename
  
  R filename:
     Append a line read from filename. Each invocation of the command reads a line
     from the file. This is a GNU extension

practical command
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[root@peiyuan ABS]# cat data-for-sed
111111111
22222222
3333333
444444
55555
6666
777
88
9

1.添加行号
  sed = data-for-sed | sed -e 'N;s/\n/ /g' -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/\[\1\]/'

  [1] 111111111
  [2] 22222222
  [3] 3333333
  [4] 444444
  [5] 55555
  [6] 6666
  [7] 777
  [8] 88
  [9] 9

2.打印第3行到第7行
  sed -n '3,7p' data-for-sed

  3333333
  444444
  55555
  6666
  777

3.将匹配范围内的内容写入文件
  sed -n '/3/,/7/w data-for-sed' data-for-sed-1

4.反向匹配
  sed -n '/3/!p' data-for-sed

5.反向匹配替换
  sed '/baz/!s/foo/bar/g' data-for-sed

6.插入文件内容
  sed '/3/r data-for-sed-1' data-for-sed

7.插入在线内容
  sed '3a\WANRING' data-for-sed

8.强制退出
  sed '/WANRING/q' data-for-sed

9.文件内容倒置输出
  sed '1!G;h;$!d' data-for-sed

10.删除每行的前后空白
  sed 's/^[ \t]*//;s/[ \t]*$//' data-for-sed

11.整体右移
  sed 's/^/     /' data-for-sed

12.整体左移
  sed 's/^     //' data-for-sed

13.文件内容变为右对齐
  sed -e :a -e 's/^.\{1,78\}$/ &/;ta'

14.文件内容居中
  sed -e :a -e 's/^.\{1,78\}$/ & /;ta'

15.替换模式字符串的第N次出现
  sed 's/222/***/N' data

16.替换模式字符串的第N次出现-打点计数法
  /a/{                # start first pattern match
        x             # swap pattern-space and hold-space
        s/^/./        # add one dot in hold-space
        /^.\{3\}$/{   # if dot-number meets
          x           # swap pattern-space and hold-space
          s/a/b/      # do substitution
          b           # jmp to end
        }
        x             # swap
  }' data

17.找出100以内，个位与十位相同的2位数-回溯引用
  seq 100 | sed -n '/^\(.\)\1$/p'

18.大小写转换
  sed -n 's/.*/\U&/p' # 全部转换为大写
  sed -n 's/.*/\u&/p' # 首字母大写
  sed -n 's/.*/\L&/p' # 全部小写
  sed -n 's/.*/\l&/p' # 首字母小写

19.忽略大小写匹配
  sed -n '/pattern/Ip'
  

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/Anney/archive/2012/12/01/2797528.html