在CentOS 7中安装Docker

CentOS

Docker runs on CentOS 7.X. An installation on other binary compatible EL7 distributions such as Scientific Linux might succeed, but Docker does not test or support Docker on these distributions.

This page instructs you to install using Docker-managed release packages and installation mechanisms. Using these packages ensures you get the latest release of Docker. If you wish to install using CentOS-managed packages, consult your CentOS documentation.

Prerequisites

Docker requires a 64-bit installation regardless of your CentOS version. Also, your kernel must be 3.10 at the minimum, which CentOS 7 runs.

To check your current kernel version, open a terminal and use uname -r to display your kernel version:

$ uname -r
3.10.0-229.el7.x86_64

Finally, it is recommended that you fully update your system. Please keep in mind that your system should be fully patched to fix any potential kernel bugs. Any reported kernel bugs may have already been fixed on the latest kernel packages.

Install

There are two ways to install Docker Engine. You can install using the yum package manager. Or you can use curl with the get.docker.com site. This second method runs an installation script which also installs via the yum package manager.

Install with yum

1. Log into your machine as a user with sudo or root privileges.

2. Make sure your existing yum packages are up-to-date.

   $ sudo yum update
   

3. Add the yum repo.

   $ sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/docker.repo <<-'EOF'
   [dockerrepo]
   name=Docker Repository
   baseurl=https://yum.dockerproject.org/repo/main/centos/$releasever/
   enabled=1
   gpgcheck=1
   gpgkey=https://yum.dockerproject.org/gpg
   EOF
   

4. Install the Docker package.

   $ sudo yum install docker-engine
   

5. Start the Docker daemon.

   $ sudo service docker start
   

6. Verify docker is installed correctly by running a test image in a container.

   $ sudo docker run hello-world
   Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
       latest: Pulling from hello-world
       a8219747be10: Pull complete
       91c95931e552: Already exists
       hello-world:latest: The image you are pulling has been verified. Important: image verification is a tech preview feature and should not be relied on to provide security.
       Digest: sha256:aa03e5d0d5553b4c3473e89c8619cf79df368babd1.7.1cf5daeb82aab55838d
       Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest
       Hello from Docker.
       This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.
   
       To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
        1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
        2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
               (Assuming it was not already locally available.)
        3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
               executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
        4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
               to your terminal.
   
       To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
        $ docker run -it ubuntu bash
   
       For more examples and ideas, visit:
        http://docs.docker.com/userguide/	

7. Create a docker group

   The docker daemon binds to a Unix socket instead of a TCP port. By default that Unix socket is owned by the user root and other users can access it with sudo. For this reason, docker daemon always runs as the root user.

   To avoid having to use sudo when you use the docker command, create a Unix group called docker and add users to it. When the docker daemon starts, it makes the ownership of the Unix socket read/writable by the docker group.

   Warning: The docker group is equivalent to the root user; For details on how this impacts security in your system, see Docker Daemon Attack Surface for details.

   To create the docker group and add your user:

   1. Log into Centos as a user with sudo privileges.

   2. Create the docker group and add your user.

      sudo usermod -aG docker your_username

   3. Log out and log back in.

      This ensures your user is running with the correct permissions.

   4. Verify your work by running docker without sudo.

      $ docker run hello-world
      

   Start the docker daemon at boot

   To ensure Docker starts when you boot your system, do the following:

     $ sudo chkconfig docker on