【技术分享】Java页面URL传值中文乱码？一招教你轻松解决！

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/LA1245780/article/details/143572879

在Java Web开发中，页面URL传值时中文出现乱码是一个常见的问题。这通常是由于字符编码不一致导致的。为了解决这个问题，我们需要确保在请求和响应过程中使用相同的字符编码。以下是一些解决方法：

方法一：设置服务器的默认编码

修改web.xml文件

在你的Web应用的WEB-INF/web.xml文件中添加以下配置，以设置全局的字符编码过滤器：

<filter>
    <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>encoding</param-name>
        <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
        <param-value>true</param-value>
    </init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

Spring Boot项目

如果你使用的是Spring Boot，可以在application.properties或application.yml文件中设置默认编码：
```
spring.http.encoding.charset=UTF-8
spring.http.encoding.enabled=true
spring.http.encoding.force=true
```

方法二：在Servlet中手动设置请求和响应的编码

你可以在Servlet中手动设置请求和响应的编码：

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@WebServlet("/example")
public class ExampleServlet extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 设置请求编码为UTF-8
        request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        // 设置响应编码为UTF-8
        response.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8");
        
        // 获取参数并处理
        String name = request.getParameter("name");
        // 输出到响应中
        response.getWriter().write("Hello, " + name);
    }

    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }
}

方法三：使用过滤器统一设置编码

你可以创建一个过滤器来统一设置请求和响应的编码：

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;

@WebFilter("/*")
public class EncodingFilter implements Filter {
    public void init(FilterConfig fConfig) throws ServletException {}

    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        response.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8");
        chain.doFilter(request, response);
    }

    public void destroy() {}
}

方法四：前端页面设置表单提交时的编码

确保你的HTML表单在提交时使用UTF-8编码：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Form Submission</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="yourServletURL" method="post" accept-charset="UTF-8">
        <label for="name">Name:</label>
        <input type="text" id="name" name="name">
        <button type="submit">Submit</button>
    </form>
</body>
</html>