http://blog.csdn.net/biezhihua/article/details/44228029
Activity简介
Activity是Android的四大组件之一,它用于展示界面。它提供一个屏幕,用户可以用来交互,可以通过setContentView(View)
来显示指定的控件。
在一个android应用中,一个Activity通常就是一个单独的屏幕,它上面可以显示一些控件也可以监听并处理用户的事件做出响应。Activity之间通过Intent
进行通信。
Activity的简单使用
① 定义类继承Activity
-
② 在AndroidManifest.xml的
-
☆
<application>
:中lable是指程序的名字,在卸载页面显示的名字就是这个lable指定的。 -
☆
<activity>
中的lable是指activity的名字,如果此activity还指定了以下intent-filter
,那么这个界面就会在桌面创建快捷方式,快捷方式名字就是这个activity的lable。
<category>
:指定意图的类别,LAUNCHER
是在桌面创建快捷方式。<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">intent-filter</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">action</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"android.intent.action.MAIN"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">category</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">intent-filter</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>
Activity在清单文件中的配置
- ①Lable属性:Activity页面的标题,界面的名字,如果此界面被创建快捷方式,则快捷方式的名字就是lable值。
- ②Name属性:指定的值为:包名.Activity类名。包名如果与mainfest的package一致,可以用“.”代替;或者不写。
- ③Intent-filter子节点:添加意图过滤,可以通过隐式意图启动。可以在桌面生成快捷方式,增加应用程序的入口。
- ④Icon属性:指定应用程序的图标
- ⑤android:theme属性:指定主题android:theme=”@android:style/Theme.Dialog” 如何让程序有多个启动入口
-
创建一个
SecondActivity
并在清单文件中声明,且修改两个<activity>
的android:label
值。<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">application </span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:allowBackup</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"true"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@drawable/ic_launcher"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:label</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@string/app_name"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:theme</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@style/AppTheme"</span> ></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">activity </span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"com.bzh.launch.MainActivity"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:label</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"我是入口1"</span> ></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">intent-filter</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">action</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"android.intent.action.MAIN"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">category</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">intent-filter</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">activity</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">activity </span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"com.bzh.launch.SecondActivity"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:label</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"我是入口2"</span> ></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">intent-filter</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">action</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"android.intent.action.MAIN"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">category</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">intent-filter</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">activity</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">application</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li></ul>
测试结果图如下:
我们可以看到,在应用程序清单中多了两个应用图标我是入口1
和我是入口2
,分别打开后所对应的就是清单文件中声明的Activity
。
<application>
节点中声明
<activity>
Activity之间的跳转
-
什么是意图?
- 即Intent,用于激活组件,Android的组件都可以通过intent去激活。 Activity之间的跳转分为两种
-
①显式意图跳转:知道跳转目标的类名,并且可以拿到其字节码对象。一般用于自己程序的内部。一般用于自己程序的内部。显式跳转不可以跳转到其他程序的页面中。
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//创建一个Intent对象,并传递当前对象(Context对象)和要跳转的Activity类字节码</span> Intent intent = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Intent(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>, SecondActivity.class); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//启动第二个Activity</span> startActivity(intent); </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>
- ②隐式意图跳转::可以在当前程序跳转到另一个程序的页面。隐式跳转不需要引用到那个类,但是必须得知道那个界面的动作(action)和信息(category);因此,能够被隐式跳转的Activity,在清单文件中声明时必须指定动作和信息这两个属性。
- 显式意图是指在创建意图时指定了组件,而隐式意图则不指定组件,通过动作、类型、数据匹配对应的组件。
-
当我们为一个Activity增加如下的过滤器时,
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">intent-filter</span> ></span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!-- 在意图过滤器中设置action和category,当有匹配的action和category的时候启动该Activity。这里使用Android提供的默认category即可 --></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">action</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"com.itheima.activitySkip.SecondActivity"</span>/></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">category</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"android.intent.category.DEFAULT"</span>/></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">intent-filter</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>
-
那么想要激活这个Activity的话,需要在
intent
中指定动作和类型<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//创建一个Intent对象</span> Intent intent = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Intent(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//设置Action</span> intent.setAction(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"com.bzh.SecondActivity"</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//对于android.intent.category.DEFAULT类型的信息为Android系统默认的信息,省略也可以</span> intent.addCategory(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"android.intent.category.DEFAULT"</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//启动Activity</span> startActivity(intent); </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>
意图传递数据
Intent除了可以激活组件(启动Activity等),还可以通过封装的Bundle对象来携带数据。所以在启动一个Activity的时候,同时还可以传递数据,然后在新的Activity中可以获得意图对象以获取其中Bundle保存的数据。
Intent可传递的数据类型有: 八大基本数据类型,String,数组,ArrayList<String>
, Bundle数据捆, 实现序列化接口的javabean。
实现Serizlizable可以再网络中传输
实现Parcelable可以序列化到内存中
注意: Intent传递的数据过多可能会造成跳转速度极慢甚至黑屏一会,不要用Intent传递过多的数据,会影响到应用程序的使用。
-
使用意图过滤器数据协议传递数据
- 设置数据协议和配置数据的mimeType,从而达到传递数据的目的
-
① 在清单文件中配置意图过滤器
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">activity</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"com.bzh.SecondActivity"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!-- 配置意图过滤器 --></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">intent-filter</span> ></span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!-- 在意图过滤器中设置action和category,当有匹配的action和category的时候启动该Activity --></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">action</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"com.bzh.SecondActivity"</span>/></span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!-- 设置数据协议 --></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">data</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:scheme</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"money"</span>/></span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!-- 配置数据的mimeType:必须为xxx/xxx的格式,否则会报异常 --></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">data</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:mimeType</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"data/mymime"</span>/></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">intent-filter</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">activity</span>></span> </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li></ul>
-
② 在
FristActivity
中启用意图,并使用数据协议,设置数据。<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 创建一个Intent对象</span> Intent intent = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Intent(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 设置Action</span> intent.setAction(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"com.bzh.SecondActivity"</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 对于android.intent.category.DEFAULT类型的信息为Android系统默认的信息,省略也可以</span> intent.addCategory(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"android.intent.category.DEFAULT"</span>); intent.setDataAndType(Uri.parse(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"money:转账100元。"</span>), <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"data/mymime"</span>); </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li></ul>
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③ 在
SecondActivity
中使用getIntent()
获取到意图,并拿到数据<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//获取从当前Context对象中获取Intent</span> Intent intent = getIntent();<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//注意这个是getIntent()</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//获取数据</span> String data = intent.getData().toString(); System.out.println(data); </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>
使用意图的Bundle传递数据
-
Google在Intent中提供了大量的重载的
putExtra(XX,XX)
方法,帮助我们传递数据,但是我们看一下源码会发现底层用的都是Bundle
对象来实现的。<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> Intent <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">putExtra</span>(String name, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">char</span>[] value) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mExtras == <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) { mExtras = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Bundle(); } mExtras.putCharArray(name, value); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>; }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>
我们再看一下
Bundle
的构造函数,发现Bundle内部其实是个Map
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Bundle</span>() { mMap = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> HashMap<String, Object>(); mClassLoader = getClass().getClassLoader(); } </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>
接下来看看在
-
在发送端
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//给Intent设置数据</span> intent.putExtra(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"name"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"张三"</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//给你Intent设置字符串类型的集合</span> intent.putStringArrayListExtra(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"list"</span>, list); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//声明一个Bundle对象,bundle内部是包装过的map集合</span> Bundle bundle = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Bundle(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//在Bundle对象中绑定数据</span> bundle.putString(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"pwd"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"123456"</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//给Intent设置Bundle对象</span> intent.putExtras(bundle);<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//通过putExtras()传递bundle</span> </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li></ul>
-
接收端
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">Bundle extras = intent.getExtras();<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//通过getExtras获取bundle</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//从Bundle中获取可以为name的数据</span> String name = (String) extras.get(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"name"</span>);<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//再通过get()获取具体值</span> System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"name="</span>+name); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//从Bundle对象中获取key为pwd的数据</span> String pwd = (String) extras.get(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"pwd"</span>); System.out.println(pwd); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//从Bundle中获取ley为list的数据</span> List<String> list = (List<String>) extras.get(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"list"</span>); </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul>
Intent
中如何借助
Bundle
传递数据
创建Activity获取返回数据
-
操作步骤:
-
①使用
startActivityForResult(Intent intent, int requestCode)
方法打开Activity -
②重写
onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data)
方法 -
③在被打开的Activity中调用
setResult(int resultCode, Intent data)
设置返回数据之后,使用finish()
关闭Activity,第一个Activity就会调用onActivityResult
方法 - requestCode,请求码:用于区别是哪个操作启动的意图
- resultCode,结果码,用于区别是哪个Activity返回的数据
如何调用系统发送短信的页面
如何能够把我们的数据传递给系统的短信页面,例如下面这个样子
代码其实是很简单的
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">Intent intent = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Intent(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 设置发送短信的动作</span> intent.setAction(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"android.intent.action.SEND"</span>); intent.addCategory(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"android.intent.category.DEFAULT"</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 设置数据类型</span> intent.setType(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"text/plain"</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 使用Bundle传递数据</span> intent.putExtra(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"sms_body"</span>, content); startActivity(intent);</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>
但是里面有些关键信息(意图过滤器,键值),例如action、type、putExtra的key值怎么找到?其实才是个难点。
-
接下来就讲一下如何找到这些关键信息的思路。当前,前提是你要有Android的源码。
-
①我们知道,Andriod有4层架构,最上层是应用层,在原生的系统中就带有很多的应用,而短息也是应用之一。在我们的源码中,可以知道
android4.4src/packages/apps
就是我们系统自带的一些应用。
-
②既然知道了这些,那么就找到我们的短信所在的目录把
android4.4src/pagkages/apps/mms/
-
③ 我们知道,清单文件中的activity下才是定义意图过滤器的地方,所以我们看一下清单文件,而且,既然是发送短信,我们再搜索一下
SEND
关键字,可以得到如下的结果:<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">activity</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">".ui.ComposeMessageActivity"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:configChanges</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"orientation|screenSize|keyboardHidden"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:windowSoftInputMode</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"stateHidden|adjustResize"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:theme</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@style/MmsHoloTheme"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:parentActivityName</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">".ui.ConversationList"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:launchMode</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"singleTop"</span> ></span> ... <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">intent-filter</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">action</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"android.intent.action.SEND"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">category</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"android.intent.category.DEFAULT"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">data</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:mimeType</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"image/*"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">intent-filter</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">intent-filter</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">action</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"android.intent.action.SEND"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">category</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"android.intent.category.DEFAULT"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">data</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:mimeType</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"text/plain"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">intent-filter</span>></span> ... <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">activity</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li></ul>
这样,意图过滤器的关键信息就知道了;接下来就是要在
Bundle
中保存数据了,那么intent.putExtras(K,V)
中的K值怎找到?
既然这个是系统的应用,那么系统的代码中就应该会有类似于intent.putExtras(K,V)
这样的代码,而上面的<activity name='...'>
中的name属性值为.ui.ComposeMessageActivity
,我们又知道了具体的类是什么,那么我们搜索一下就OK了。结果如下:
如何发送短信
发送短信的步骤相当简单,请参看下面的代码:
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 获取短信管理器</span> SmsManager smsManager = SmsManager.getDefault(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 防止短信内容过长,将其内容分割开</span> ArrayList<String> messageList = smsManager.divideMessage(content); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (String sms : messageList) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 目标人</span> String destinationAddress = contact; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 短信服务中心地址</span> String scAddress = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 短信内容</span> String text = sms; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 延期广播一般为NULL</span> PendingIntent sentIntent = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>; PendingIntent deliveryIntent = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 使用短信管理器发送短信</span> smsManager.sendTextMessage(destinationAddress, scAddress, text, sentIntent, deliveryIntent); }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li></ul>
当然,这只是很简单的示例,更为详细的请参看Android API