一个简单的Linux下组播通信的例子

 

发送端：

#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <errno.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #define PORTNUM 5000 #define GROUPIP "224.0.1.1" int main() { int sock_id; struct sockaddr_in addr; char buf[] = "This is a test message."; socklen_t len; int ret; /* open a socket. only udp support multicast */ if ((sock_id = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0) { perror("socket error"); exit(1); } /* build address */ memset((void*)&addr, 0, sizeof(addr)); addr.sin_family = AF_INET; addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(GROUPIP); /* multicast group ip */ addr.sin_port = htons(PORTNUM); len = sizeof(addr); while (1) { /* it's very easy, just send the data to the address:port */ ret = sendto(sock_id, buf, strlen(buf), 0, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, len); if (ret < 0) { perror("sendto error"); exit(1); } printf("Send to %s:%u\n", inet_ntoa(addr.sin_addr.s_addr), ntohs(addr.sin_port)); sleep(2); /* wait 2 sec. */ } close(sock_id); return 0; }

接收端

#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <errno.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #define PORTNUM 5000 #define GROUPIP "224.0.1.1" #define BUFLEN 1024 #define TESTNUM 10 int main() { int sock_id; struct sockaddr_in addr, sender; struct ip_mreq ipmr; char buf[BUFLEN]; socklen_t len; int ret; int count; /* Step 1: open a socket, and bind */ if ((sock_id = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0) { perror("socket error"); exit(1); } memset((void*)&addr, 0, sizeof(addr)); addr.sin_family = AF_INET; addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); addr.sin_port = htons(PORTNUM); if (bind(sock_id, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr)) < 0) { perror("bind error"); exit(1); } /* Step 2: fill in a struct ip_mreq */ memset((void*)&ipmr, 0, sizeof(ipmr)); ipmr.imr_multiaddr.s_addr = inet_addr(GROUPIP); /* multicast group ip */ ipmr.imr_interface.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); /* Step 3: call setsockopt with IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP to support receiving multicast */ if (setsockopt(sock_id, IPPROTO_IP, IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP, &ipmr, sizeof(ipmr)) < 0) { perror("setsockopt:IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP"); exit(1); } /* Step 4: call recvfrom to receive multicast packets */ len = sizeof(sender); count = 0; while (count < TESTNUM) { ret = recvfrom(sock_id, buf, BUFLEN, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&sender, &len); buf[ret] = '\0'; if (ret < 0) { perror("recvfrom error"); exit(1); } printf("%d. Receive from %s:%u\n", count, inet_ntoa(sender.sin_addr.s_addr), ntohs(sender.sin_port)); printf("\tpacket data: %s\n", buf); } /* Step 5: call setsockopt with IP_DROP_MEMBERSHIP to drop from multicast */ if (setsockopt(sock_id, IPPROTO_IP, IP_DROP_MEMBERSHIP, &ipmr, sizeof(ipmr)) < 0) { perror("setsockopt:IP_DROP_MEMBERSHIP"); exit(1); } /* Step 6: close the socket */ close(sock_id); return 0; }