5分钟了解MySQL5.7的undo log在线收缩新特性

最新推荐文章于 2022-09-09 13:49:26 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-09-09 13:49:26 发布

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①首先我们需要调整my.cnf参数

innodb_undo_directory=/data/undolog

innodb_undo_tablespaces=4

innodb_undo_logs=128

innodb_max_undo_log_size=1G

innodb_purge_rseg_truncate_frequency

innodb_undo_log_truncate=1

Warning:警告

其中innodb_undo_directory参数要在数据库初始化时就需要写入my.cnf，否则会报如下错误：

Expected to open 4 undo tablespaces but was able to find only 0 undo tablespaces. Set the innodb_undo_tablespaces parameter to the correct value and retry. Suggested value is 0

Part2:MySQL5.7在线回收undolog

①首先对一张100万行的表进行整表更新

mysql> show variables like 'innodb_undo%';

+--------------------------+---------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+--------------------------+---------------+

| innodb_undo_directory | /data/undolog |

| innodb_undo_log_truncate | ON |

| innodb_undo_logs | 128 |

| innodb_undo_tablespaces | 4 |

+--------------------------+---------------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> update helei set c1=1;

Query OK, 1000000 rows affected (45.48 sec)

Rows matched: 1000000 Changed: 1000000 Warnings: 0

mysql> update helei set c2=222;

Query OK, 1000000 rows affected (43.25 sec)

Rows matched: 1000000 Changed: 1000000 Warnings: 0

mysql> update helei set c4='heleiheleiheleiheleihel';

Query OK, 1000000 rows affected (10.28 sec)

Rows matched: 1000000 Changed: 1000000 Warnings: 0

②注意undolog的日志大小

[root@HE3 undolog]# ls -lshrt

total 412M

128M -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 128M Sep 26 16:56 undo004

76M -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 76M Sep 26 16:56 undo003

136M -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 136M Sep 26 16:56 undo001

72M -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 72M Sep 26 16:56 undo002

③error.log日志

2016-09-26T23:51:06.062828Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Truncating UNDO tablespace with space identifier 1

2016-09-26T23:51:06.159077Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Completed truncate of UNDO tablespace with space identifier 1

2016-09-26T23:51:06.159101Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Truncating UNDO tablespace with space identifier 2

2016-09-26T23:51:06.242355Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Completed truncate of UNDO tablespace with space identifier 2

2016-09-26T23:51:06.242378Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Truncating UNDO tablespace with space identifier 3

2016-09-26T23:51:06.313036Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Completed truncate of UNDO tablespace with space identifier 3

2016-09-26T23:51:06.313060Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Truncating UNDO tablespace with space identifier 4

2016-09-26T23:51:06.403003Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Completed truncate of UNDO tablespace with space identifier 4

④观察物理文件

[root@HE3 undolog]# ls -lshrt

total 168M

76M -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 76M Sep 26 16:56 undo003

10M -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 10M Sep 26 16:56 undo001

10M -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 10M Sep 26 16:56 undo004

72M -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 72M Sep 26 16:56 undo002

可以看到超过100M设定值的undo日志已经回收，默认为10M，undo log空间得以释放

Part3:意义

该功能降低了磁盘的使用率，并且可以提高诸如Xtrabackup这类物理备份软件的备份速度。

——总结——

MySQL5.7的undo log在线回收功能，相比MySQL5.6更加灵活和实用，DBA们再也不必因为ibdata1文件越来越大，导致磁盘空间被占、物理备份越来越慢而头疼了。由于笔者的水平有限，编写时间也很仓促，文中难免会出现一些错误或者不准确的地方，不妥之处恳请读者批评指正。

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