CentOS7-64 环境 MySQL5.7安装与配置(YUM)

按照原文安装后自己整理,原文地址:http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-09/135288.htm

账号:root 密码:Zhangle123456!

账号:admin  密码:Admin123456!


service mysqld start
service mysqld stop

service mysqld restart

mysql -uroot -p


默认配置文件路径: 
配置文件:/etc/my.cnf 
日志文件:/var/log//var/log/mysqld.log 
服务启动脚本:/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service 
socket文件:/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

1、配置YUM源

# 官网下载路径, 下载mysql源安装包
shell> wget  http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
# 安装mysql源
shell> yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
#检查mysql源是否安装成功
shell> yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"
#出现如下代码:
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64   MySQL Connectors Community     42
mysql-tools-community/x86_64             MySQL Tools Community               55
mysql57-community/x86_64                  MySQL 5.7 Community Server         227

2、安装MySQL
shell> yum install mysql-community-server
3、启动MySQL服务
shell> systemctl start mysqld
4、查看MySQL的启动状态

     shell> systemctl status mysqld

         显示如下:

        mysqld.service - MySQL Server

        Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)

        Active: active (running) since 五 2016-06-24 04:37:37 CST; 35min ago

         Main PID: 2888 (mysqld)
         CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service

         └─2888 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

        6月 24 04:37:36 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
        6月 24 04:37:37 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.


5、设置开机启动

    shell>
systemctl enable mysqld
    shell> systemctl daemon-reload


6、修改root本地登录密码

        mysql安装完成之后,在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中给root生成了一个默认密码。

        通过下面的方式找到root默认密码,然后登录mysql进行修改:

        shell> grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

        显示如下:

2018-03-01T03:43:04.000704Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: CcyrIPRKk5=K
其中 默认密码为最后的: CcyrIPRKk5=K

       shell> mysql -uroot -p
       Enter password:    //输入上面查到的密码 CcyrIPRKk5=K
    出现如下界面:
        Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
        Your MySQL connection id is 4
        Server version: 5.7.21
        Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
        Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
        affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
        owners.
        Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

    #输入命令:
    mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Zhangle123456'; 
    或者
    mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('Zhangle123456'); 

    注意:mysql5.7默认安装了密码安全检查插件(validate_password),默认密码检查策略要求密码必须包含: 大小写字母、数字和特殊符号,并且长度不能少于8位 。否则会提示ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements错误,

#重新输入复杂密码
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Zhangle123456!';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


以下是密码策略,可跳过:
    密码策略提示
    通过msyql环境变量可以查看密码策略的相关信息:
    mysql> show variables like '%password%';
    #显示如下:
    +---------------------------------------+--------+
    | Variable_name                         | Value  |
    +---------------------------------------+--------+
    | default_password_lifetime             | 0      |
    | disconnect_on_expired_password        | ON     |
    | log_builtin_as_identified_by_password | OFF    |
    | mysql_native_password_proxy_users     | OFF    |
    | old_passwords                         | 0      |
    | report_password                       |        |
    | sha256_password_proxy_users           | OFF    |
    | validate_password_check_user_name     | OFF    |
    | validate_password_dictionary_file     |        |
    | validate_password_length              | 8      |
    | validate_password_mixed_case_count    | 1      |
    | validate_password_number_count        | 1      |
    | validate_password_policy              | MEDIUM |
    | validate_password_special_char_count  | 1      |
    +---------------------------------------+--------+
    14 rows in set (0.04 sec)

    validate_password_dictionary_file:密码策略文件,策略为STRONG才需要 
    validate_password_length:密码最少长度 
    validate_password_mixed_case_count:大小写字符长度,至少1个 
    validate_password_number_count :数字至少1个 
    validate_password_policy:密码策略,默认为MEDIUM策略 
    validate_password_special_char_count:特殊字符至少1个 
    上述参数是默认策略MEDIUM的密码检查规则。


    共有以下几种密码策略:

    策略 检查规则
    0 or LOW Length
    1 or MEDIUM Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters
    2 or STRONG Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters; dictionary file
 MySQL官网密码策略详细说明:http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/validate-password-options-variables.html#sysvar_validate_password_policy

    修改密码策略
    在/etc/my.cnf文件添加validate_password_policy配置,指定密码策略
    # 选择0(LOW),1(MEDIUM),2(STRONG)其中一种,选择2需要提供密码字典文件
    validate_password_policy=0
    如果不需要密码策略,添加my.cnf文件中添加如下配置禁用即可:
    validate_password = off
    重新启动mysql服务使配置生效:
    systemctl restart mysqld

7、添加远程登录用户
    默认只允许root帐户在本地登录,如果要在其它机器上连接mysql,必须修改root允许远程连接,或者添加一个允许远程连接的帐户,为了安全起见,我添加一个新的帐户:
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO admin'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Admin123456!' WITH GRANT OPTION;

8、配置默认编码为utf8
        修改/etc/my.cnf配置文件
     vim  /etc/my.cnf
        在[mysqld]下添加编码配置,如下所示:
     [mysqld]
     character_set_server=utf8
    init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'

        重新启动mysql服务,
              systemctl restart mysqld
        登录数据库
              mysql -uroot -p 

        输入密码    //更改后的新密码

        查看默认编码如下所示:

         mysql>show variables like '%characters%';

         显示如下:

        +--------------------------+----------------------------+
        | Variable_name            | Value                      |
        +--------------------------+----------------------------+
        | character_set_client     | utf8                       |
        | character_set_connection | utf8                       |
        | character_set_database   | utf8                       |
        | character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
        | character_set_results    | utf8                       |
        | character_set_server     | utf8                       |
        | character_set_system     | utf8                       |
        | character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |

        +--------------------------+----------------------------+

-------end-------

按照原文安装后自己整理,原文地址:http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-09/135288.htm

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