代码如下:
服务器端:
- # Echo server program
- from socket import *
- from time import ctime
- HOST = '' # Symbolic name meaning all available interfaces
- PORT = 50007 # Arbitrary non-privileged port
- BUFSIZE = 1024
- ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
- tcpSerSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
- tcpSerSock.bind(ADDR)
- tcpSerSock.listen(5)
- while True:
- print('waiting for connection...')
- tcpCliSock, addr = tcpSerSock.accept()
- print('...connected from:', addr)
- while True:
- data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE)
- if not data:
- break
- tcpCliSock.send(('[%s] %s' % (ctime(), data)))
- tcpCliSock.close()
- tcpSerSock.close()
客户端
- # Echo client program
- from socket import*
- HOST = '127.0.0.1'
- PORT = 50007 # The same port as used by the server
- BUFSIZE = 1024
- ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
- tcpCliSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
- tcpCliSock.connect(ADDR)
- while True:
- data = input('> ')
- if not data:
- break
- tcpCliSock.send(data)
- data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE)
- if not data:
- break
- print(data)
- tcpCliSock.close()
报错:
TypeError:'str' does not support the buffer interface
找问题找了好久,在StackOverflow上发现有人也出现同样的问题,并一个叫Scharron的人提出了解答:
In python 3, bytes strings and unicodestrings are now two different types. Since sockets are not aware of string encodings, they are using raw bytes strings, that have a slightly differentinterface from unicode strings.
So, now, whenever you have a unicode stringthat you need to use as a byte string, you need toencode() it. And whenyou have a byte string, you need to decode it to use it as a regular(python 2.x) string.
Unicode strings are quotes enclosedstrings. Bytes strings are b"" enclosed strings
When you use client_socket.send(data),replace it by client_socket.send(data.encode()). When you get datausing data = client_socket.recv(512), replace it by data =client_socket.recv(512).decode()
同时我看了一下python帮助文档:
Codec.encode(input[, errors])
Encodes the object input and returns atuple (output object, length consumed). Encoding converts a string object to abytes object using a particular character set encoding
Codec.decode(input[, errors])
Decodes the object input and returns atuple (output object, length consumed). Decoding converts a bytes objectencoded using a particular character set encoding to a string object.
input must be a bytes object or one whichprovides the read-only character buffer interface – for example, buffer objectsand memory mapped files.
套接字的成员函数send
socket.send(bytes[, flags]) 形参为字节类型
socket.recv(bufsize[, flags]) Receive datafrom the socket. The return value is abytes object representing the data received.
所以修正后代码如下:
服务器端:
- # Echo server program
- from socket import *
- from time import ctime
- HOST = '' # Symbolic name meaning all available interfaces
- PORT = 50007 # Arbitrary non-privileged port
- BUFSIZE = 1024
- ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
- tcpSerSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
- tcpSerSock.bind(ADDR)
- tcpSerSock.listen(5)
- while True:
- print('waiting for connection...')
- tcpCliSock, addr = tcpSerSock.accept()
- print('...connected from:', addr)
- while True:
- data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE).decode()
- if not data:
- break
- tcpCliSock.send(('[%s] %s' % (ctime(), data)).encode())
- tcpCliSock.close()
- tcpSerSock.close()
客服端
- # Echo client program
- from socket import*
- HOST = '127.0.0.1'
- PORT = 50007 # The same port as used by the server
- BUFSIZE = 1024
- ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
- tcpCliSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
- tcpCliSock.connect(ADDR)
- while True:
- data = input('> ')
- if not data:
- break
- tcpCliSock.send(data.encode())
- data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE).decode()
- if not data:
- break
- print(data)
- tcpCliSock.close()
运行结果: 达到预期
在使用这些函数时想当然去用,没有去查找帮助文档,没有弄清楚传参类型,可能是一个例题,没有注意这些,但是得吸取教训。
同样的在udp的情况下:修正过的
服务器端:
- from socket import *
- from time import ctime
- HOST = '';
- PORT = 21546
- BUFSIZE = 1024
- ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
- udpSerSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)
- udpSerSock.bind(ADDR)
- while True:
- print('waiting for message...')
- data, addr = udpSerSock.recvfrom(BUFSIZE)
- udpSerSock.sendto(('[%s] %s' %(ctime(), data.decode())).encode(), addr)
- print('...received from and returned to:', addr)
- udpSerSock.close()
客户端:
- from socket import *
- HOST = 'localhost'
- PORT = 21567
- BUFSIZE = 1024
- ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
- while True:
- tcpCliSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
- tcpCliSock.connect(ADDR)
- data = input('> ')
- if not data:
- break
- tcpCliSock.send(('%s\r\n' % data).encode())
- data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE).decode()
- if not data:
- break
- print(data.strip())
- tcpCliSock.close()
使用socketserver模块:
服务器端:
- #TsTservss.py
- from socketserver import TCPServer as TCP, StreamRequestHandler as SRH
- from time import ctime
- HOST = ''
- PORT = 21567
- ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
- class MyRequestHandler(SRH):
- def handle(self):
- print('...connected from:', self.client_address)
- self.wfile.write(('[%s] %s' %(ctime(), self.rfile.readline().decode())).encode())
- tcpServ = TCP(ADDR, MyRequestHandler)
- print('waiting for connection...')
- tcpServ.serve_forever()
客户端:
- from socket import *
- HOST = 'localhost'
- PORT = 21567
- BUFSIZE = 1024
- ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
- while True:
- tcpCliSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
- tcpCliSock.connect(ADDR)
- data = input('> ')
- if not data:
- break
- tcpCliSock.send(('%s\r\n' % data).encode())
- data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE).decode()
- if not data:
- break
- print(data.strip())
- tcpCliSock.close()