需求文档
需求:
采取控制台的方式去书写学生管理系统。
分析:
初始菜单:
"-------------欢迎来到黑马学生管理系统----------------"
"1:添加学生"
"2:删除学生"
"3:修改学生"
"4:查询学生"
"5:退出"
"请输入您的选择:"
学生类:
属性:id、姓名、年龄、家庭住址
添加功能:
键盘录入每一个学生信息并添加,需要满足以下要求:
- id唯一
删除功能:
键盘录入要删除的学生id,需要满足以下要求:
- id存在删除
- id不存在,需要提示不存在,并回到初始菜单
修改功能:
键盘录入要修改的学生id,需要满足以下要求
- id存在,继续录入其他信息
- id不存在,需要提示不存在,并回到初始菜单
查询功能:
打印所有的学生信息,需要满足以下要求
- 如果没有学生信息,提示:当前无学生信息,请添加后再查询
- 如果有学生信息,需要按照以下格式输出。(不用过于纠结对齐的问题)
id 姓名 年龄 家庭住址
heima001 张三 23 南京
heima002 李四 24 北京
heima003 王五 25 广州
heima004 赵六 26 深圳
业务流程图
package com.itheima.studentsystem;
public class Student {
private String id;
private String name;
private int age;
private String address;
public Student() {
}
public Student(String id, String name, int age, String address) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.address = address;
}
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
}
package com.itheima.studentsystem;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class StudentSystem {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ArrayList<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
loop: while (true) {
System.out.println("------------------欢迎来到黑马学生管理系统-------------------");
System.out.println("1.添加学生");
System.out.println("2.删除学生");
System.out.println("3.修改学生");
System.out.println("4.查询学生");
System.out.println("5.退出");
System.out.println("请输入您的选择:");
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
String choose = sc.next();
switch (choose) {
case "1" -> addStudent(list);
case "2" -> deleteStudent(list);
case "3" -> updateStudent(list);
case "4" -> queryStudent(list);
case "5" -> {
System.out.println("退出");
// break loop;
System.exit(0);
}
default -> System.out.println("没有这个选项");
}
}
}
// 添加学生
public static void addStudent(ArrayList<Student> list) {
Student s = new Student();
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
String id = null;
while (true) {
System.out.println("请输入学生的id:");
id = sc.next();
if (contains(list, id)) {
System.out.println("该学生id存在,请重新输入");
} else {
break;
}
}
s.setId(id);
System.out.println("请输入学生的姓名:");
String name = sc.next();
s.setName(name);
System.out.println("请输入学生的年龄:");
int age = sc.nextInt();
s.setAge(age);
System.out.println("请输入学生的家庭住址:");
String address = sc.next();
s.setAddress(address);
list.add(s);
System.out.println("学生信息添加成功");
}
// 删除学生
public static void deleteStudent(ArrayList<Student> list) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入要删除的学生id:");
String sid = sc.next();
for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
if (getIndex(list, sid) >= 0) {
list.remove(getIndex(list, sid));
} else {
System.out.println("不存在该学生");
}
}
}
// 修改学生
public static void updateStudent(ArrayList<Student> list) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入要修改的学生id:");
String sid = sc.next();
if (getIndex(list, sid) == -1) {
System.out.println("该学生id不存在");
} else {
Student stu = list.get(getIndex(list, sid));
System.out.println("请输入该学生修改后的姓名:");
String name = sc.next();
stu.setName(name);
System.out.println("请输入该学生修改后的年龄:");
int age = sc.nextInt();
stu.setAge(age);
System.out.println("请输入该学生修改后的家庭住址:");
String address = sc.next();
stu.setAddress(address);
System.out.println("修改成功");
}
}
// 查询学生
public static void queryStudent(ArrayList<Student> list) {
if (list.isEmpty()) {
System.out.println("当前无学生信息,请添加后再查询");
return;
}
System.out.println("id\t\t\t姓名\t年龄\t家庭住址");
for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
Student stu = list.get(i);
System.out.println(stu.getId() + "\t" + stu.getName() + "\t" + stu.getAge() + "\t" + stu.getAddress());
}
}
public static boolean contains(ArrayList<Student> list, String id) {
return getIndex(list,id) >= 0 ;
}
public static int getIndex(ArrayList<Student> list, String id) {
for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
Student stu = list.get(i);
if (stu.getId().equals(id)) {
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
}
学生系统升级
需求:
为学生管理系统书写一个登陆、注册、忘记密码的功能。
只有用户登录成功之后,才能进入到学生管理系统中进行增删改查操作。
分析:
登录界面:
System.out.println("欢迎来到学生管理系统");
System.out.println("请选择操作1登录 2注册 3忘记密码");
用户类:
属性:用户名、密码、身份证号码、手机号码
注册功能:
1,用户名需要满足以下要求:
验证要求:
用户名唯一
用户名长度必须在3~15位之间
只能是字母加数字的组合,但是不能是纯数字
2,密码键盘输入两次,两次一致才可以进行注册。
3,身份证号码需要验证。
验证要求:
长度为18位
不能以0为开头
前17位,必须都是数字
最为一位可以是数字,也可以是大写X或小写x
4,手机号验证。
验证要求:
长度为11位
不能以0为开头
必须都是数字
登录功能:
1,键盘录入用户名
2,键盘录入密码
3,键盘录入验证码
验证要求:
用户名如果未注册,直接结束方法,并提示:用户名未注册,请先注册
判断验证码是否正确,如不正确,重新输入
再判断用户名和密码是否正确,有3次机会
忘记密码:
1,键盘录入用户名,判断当前用户名是否存在,如不存在,直接结束方法,并提示:未注册
2,键盘录入身份证号码和手机号码
3,判断当前用户的身份证号码和手机号码是否一致,
如果一致,则提示输入密码,进行修改。
如果不一致,则提示:账号信息不匹配,修改失败。
验证码规则:
长度为5
由4位大写或者小写字母和1位数字组成,同一个字母可重复
数字可以出现在任意位置
比如:
aQa1K
具体代码实现:
package com.itheima.studentsystem;
public class User {
private String username;
private String password;
private String personID;
private String phoneNumber;
public User() {
}
public User(String username, String password, String personID, String phoneNumber) {
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
this.personID = personID;
this.phoneNumber = phoneNumber;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public String getPersonID() {
return personID;
}
public void setPersonID(String personID) {
this.personID = personID;
}
public String getPhoneNumber() {
return phoneNumber;
}
public void setPhoneNumber(String phoneNumber) {
this.phoneNumber = phoneNumber;
}
}
package com.itheima.studentsystem;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class StudentSystem {
public static void startStudentSystem() {
ArrayList<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
loop: while (true) {
System.out.println("------------------欢迎来到黑马学生管理系统-------------------");
System.out.println("1.添加学生");
System.out.println("2.删除学生");
System.out.println("3.修改学生");
System.out.println("4.查询学生");
System.out.println("5.退出");
System.out.println("请输入您的选择:");
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
String choose = sc.next();
switch (choose) {
case "1" -> addStudent(list);
case "2" -> deleteStudent(list);
case "3" -> updateStudent(list);
case "4" -> queryStudent(list);
case "5" -> {
System.out.println("退出");
// break loop;
System.exit(0);
}
default -> System.out.println("没有这个选项");
}
}
}
// 添加学生
public static void addStudent(ArrayList<Student> list) {
Student s = new Student();
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
String id = null;
while (true) {
System.out.println("请输入学生的id:");
id = sc.next();
if (contains(list, id)) {
System.out.println("该学生id存在,请重新输入");
} else {
break;
}
}
s.setId(id);
System.out.println("请输入学生的姓名:");
String name = sc.next();
s.setName(name);
System.out.println("请输入学生的年龄:");
int age = sc.nextInt();
s.setAge(age);
System.out.println("请输入学生的家庭住址:");
String address = sc.next();
s.setAddress(address);
list.add(s);
System.out.println("学生信息添加成功");
}
// 删除学生
public static void deleteStudent(ArrayList<Student> list) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入要删除的学生id:");
String sid = sc.next();
for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
if (getIndex(list, sid) >= 0) {
list.remove(getIndex(list, sid));
} else {
System.out.println("不存在该学生");
}
}
}
// 修改学生
public static void updateStudent(ArrayList<Student> list) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入要修改的学生id:");
String sid = sc.next();
if (getIndex(list, sid) == -1) {
System.out.println("该学生id不存在");
} else {
Student stu = list.get(getIndex(list, sid));
System.out.println("请输入该学生修改后的姓名:");
String name = sc.next();
stu.setName(name);
System.out.println("请输入该学生修改后的年龄:");
int age = sc.nextInt();
stu.setAge(age);
System.out.println("请输入该学生修改后的家庭住址:");
String address = sc.next();
stu.setAddress(address);
System.out.println("修改成功");
}
}
// 查询学生
public static void queryStudent(ArrayList<Student> list) {
if (list.isEmpty()) {
System.out.println("当前无学生信息,请添加后再查询");
return;
}
System.out.println("id\t\t\t姓名\t年龄\t家庭住址");
for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
Student stu = list.get(i);
System.out.println(stu.getId() + "\t" + stu.getName() + "\t" + stu.getAge() + "\t" + stu.getAddress());
}
}
public static boolean contains(ArrayList<Student> list, String id) {
return getIndex(list,id) >= 0 ;
}
public static int getIndex(ArrayList<Student> list, String id) {
for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
Student stu = list.get(i);
if (stu.getId().equals(id)) {
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
}
package com.itheima.studentsystem;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ArrayList<User> list = new ArrayList<>();
while (true) {
System.out.println("欢迎来到学生管理系统");
System.out.println("请选择操作:1登录 2注册 3忘记密码");
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
String choose = sc.next();
switch (choose) {
case "1" -> Login(list);
case "2" -> register(list);
case "3" -> forgetPassword(list);
case "4" -> {
System.out.println("谢谢使用,再见");
System.exit(0);
}
default -> System.out.println("没有这个选项");
}
}
}
public static void Login(ArrayList<User> list) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
System.out.println("请输入用户名:");
String username = sc.next();
boolean flag = contains(list, username);
if (!flag) {
System.out.println("用户名" + username + "未注册,请先注册再登录");
return;
}
System.out.println("请输入密码:");
String password = sc.next();
while (true) {
String rightCode = getCode();
System.out.println("验证码为" + rightCode);
System.out.println("请输入验证码:");
String code = sc.next();
if (!code.equalsIgnoreCase(rightCode)) {
System.out.println("验证码错误,请重新输入");
continue;
} else {
System.out.println("验证码正确");
break;
}
}
User userInfo = new User(username, password, null, null);
boolean result = checkUserInfo(list, userInfo);
if (result) {
System.out.println("登录成功");
StudentSystem ss = new StudentSystem();
ss.startStudentSystem();
break;
} else {
System.out.println("登录失败");
if (i == 2) {
System.out.println("当前帐号" + username + "被锁定,请联系客服");
return;
} else {
System.out.println("用户名或密码错误,还剩下" + (2 - i) + "次机会");
}
}
}
}
public static boolean checkUserInfo(ArrayList<User> list, User userInfo) {
for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
User u = list.get(i);
if (u.getUsername().equals(userInfo.getUsername()) && u.getPassword().equals(userInfo.getPassword())) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
public static void register(ArrayList<User> list) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
String username;
while (true) {
System.out.println("请输入用户名:");
username = sc.next();
boolean flag1 = checkUsername(username);
if (!flag1) {
System.out.println("用户名格式错误,请重新输入");
continue;
}
boolean flag2 = contains(list, username);
if (flag2) {
System.out.println("用户名" + username + "已存在,请重新输入");
} else {
System.out.println("用户名" + username + "可用");
break;
}
}
String password;
while (true) {
System.out.println("请输入要注册的密码:");
password = sc.next();
System.out.println("再次输入要注册的密码:");
String againPassword = sc.next();
if (!password.equals(againPassword)) {
System.out.println("两次输入的密码不一致,请重新输入");
continue;
} else {
System.out.println("两次密码一致");
break;
}
}
String personId;
while (true) {
System.out.println("请输入身份证号:");
personId = sc.next();
boolean flag3 = checkPersonID(list, personId);
if (flag3) {
System.out.println("身份证号码满足要求");
break;
} else {
System.out.println("身份证号码不满足要求,请重新输入");
continue;
}
}
String phoneNumber;
while (true) {
System.out.println("请输入手机号码:");
phoneNumber = sc.next();
boolean flag4 = checkPhoneNumber(list, phoneNumber);
if (flag4) {
System.out.println("手机号码格式正确");
break;
} else {
System.out.println("手机号码格式有误,请重新输入");
continue;
}
}
User u = new User(username, password, personId, phoneNumber);
list.add(u);
System.out.println("注册成功");
printList(list);
}
public static void printList(ArrayList<User> list) {
for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
User u = list.get(i);
System.out.println(u.getUsername() + "," + u.getPassword() + "," + u.getPersonID() + "," + u.getPhoneNumber());
}
}
public static boolean checkPhoneNumber(ArrayList<User> list, String phoneNumber) {
if (phoneNumber.length() != 11) {
return false;
}
if (phoneNumber.startsWith("0")) {
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < phoneNumber.length(); i++) {
char c = phoneNumber.charAt(i);
if(!(c >= '0' && c <= '9')) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
public static boolean checkPersonID(ArrayList<User> list, String personId) {
if (personId.length() != 18) {
return false;
}
if (personId.startsWith("0")) {
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < personId.length() - 1; i++) {
char c = personId.charAt(i);
if (!(c >= '0' && c <= '9')) {
return false;
}
}
char endChar = personId.charAt(personId.length() - 1);
if (!((endChar >= '0' && endChar <= '9') || (endChar == 'x') || (endChar == 'X'))) {
return false;
} else {
return true;
}
}
public static boolean contains(ArrayList<User> list, String username) {
for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
User user = list.get(i);
if (user.getUsername().equals(username)) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
private static boolean checkUsername(String username) {
int len = username.length();
if (len < 3 || len > 15) {
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < username.length(); i++) {
char c = username.charAt(i);
if (!((c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') || (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') || (c >= '0' && c <= '9'))) {
return false;
}
}
int count = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < username.length(); i++) {
char c = username.charAt(i);
if ((c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') || (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z')) {
count++;
break;
}
}
return count > 0;
}
public static void forgetPassword(ArrayList<User> list) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入用户名:");
String username = sc.next();
boolean flag = contains(list, username);
if (!flag) {
System.out.println("用户名" + username + "不存在,请先注册");
return;
}
System.out.println("请输入身份证号码:");
String personId = sc.next();
System.out.println("请输入手机号码:");
String phoneNumber = sc.next();
int index = findIndex(list, username);
User user = list.get(index);
if (!(user.getPersonID().equals(personId) && user.getPhoneNumber().equals(phoneNumber))) {
System.out.println("身份证号码或手机号码输入错误,不可修改密码");
return;
}
String password;
while (true) {
System.out.println("请输入新的密码:");
password = sc.next();
System.out.println("请在此输入新的密码:");
String newPassword = sc.next();
if (password.equals(newPassword)) {
System.out.println("两次密码输入一致");
break;
} else {
System.out.println("两次密码输入不一致,请重新输入");
continue;
}
}
user.setPassword(password);
System.out.println("密码修改成功");
}
public static int findIndex(ArrayList<User> list, String username) {
for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
User u = list.get(i);
if(u.getUsername().equals(username)) {
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
public static String getCode() {
ArrayList<Character> list = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) {
list.add((char)('a' + i));
list.add((char)('A' + i));
}
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
Random r = new Random();
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
int index = r.nextInt(list.size());
char c = list.get(index);
sb.append(c);
}
int number = r.nextInt(10);
sb.append(number);
char[] arr = sb.toString().toCharArray();
int index = r.nextInt(arr.length);
char temp = arr[index];
arr[index] = arr[arr.length - 1];
arr[arr.length - 1] = temp;
return new String(arr);
}
}