部署反向代理高可用(keepalived+LVS-DR)、web集群动静分离（nginx+tomcat）、MySQL集群(MHA高可用+一主两从+读写分离)、NFS共享文件项目_lvs + keepalived + nginx基于dr模式构建高可用web集群-CSDN博客

该文详细介绍了如何搭建基于LVS-DR的负载均衡、Nginx与Tomcat的动静分离，以及MySQL集群的MHA高可用性。首先部署LVS-DR实现负载调度，接着配置Nginx服务器进行动静分离，然后安装并配置MySQL集群，包括主从复制和MHA管理器。最后通过Keepalived实现主备切换，确保系统的高可用性。

部署反向代理高可用、web集群动静分离、MySQL集、NFS

一、实验步骤
二、总结问题

一、实验步骤

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1、部署框架前准备工作

服务器类型	部署组件	ip地址
DR1调度服务器主（ha01）	Keepalived+LVS-DR	20.0.0.210
DR2调度服务器备 (ha02)	Keepalived+LVS-DR	20.0.0.220
web1节点服务器 (slave01)	Nginx+Tomcat+MySQL 备+MHA manager+MHA node	20.0.0.100
web2节点服务器 (slave02)	Nginx+Tomcat +MySQL 备+MHA node	20.0.0.200
NFS存储服务器（master01）	MySQL 主+NFS+MHA node	20.0.0.230
vip	虚拟ip	20.0.0.10

实验要求
通过keepalived的虚拟ip(vip)访问静态或者动态网页，mysql中的master节点能够实现故障自动切换

2、准备环境（关闭防护墙、修改主机名）

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service && setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname ha01
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname ha02
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname slave01
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname slave01
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname master01

[root@localhost ~]# su

3、部署LVS-DR

3.2 、配置负载调度器ha01与ha02同时配置(20.0.0.210、20.0.0.220)

[root@ha01 ~]# modprobe ip_vs
[root@ha01 ~]# cat /proc/net/ip_vs
## 加载ip_vs模块，并查看版本信息
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
  -> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
  
[root@ha01 ~]# yum install -y ipvsadm

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3.2、配置虚拟ip地址（VIP:20.0.0.10）

[root@ha01 ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
[root@ha01 network-scripts]# ls
ifcfg-ens33  ifdown-ipv6    ifdown-TeamPort  ifup-ippp   ifup-routes       network-functions
ifcfg-lo     ifdown-isdn    ifdown-tunnel    ifup-ipv6   ifup-sit          network-functions-ipv6
ifdown       ifdown-post    ifup             ifup-isdn   ifup-Team
ifdown-bnep  ifdown-ppp     ifup-aliases     ifup-plip   ifup-TeamPort
ifdown-eth   ifdown-routes  ifup-bnep        ifup-plusb  ifup-tunnel
ifdown-ib    ifdown-sit     ifup-eth         ifup-post   ifup-wireless
ifdown-ippp  ifdown-Team    ifup-ib          ifup-ppp    init.ipv6-global
[root@ha01 network-scripts]# cp ifcfg-ens33 ifcfg-ens33:0
[root@ha01 network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-ens33:0

DEVICE=ens33:0
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=20.0.0.10
NETMASK=255.255.255.255

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==================================================================================================
注意：当配置备LVS-DR调度服务器时会出现ip报错冲突，重启网卡就可以解决了

[root@ha02 network-scripts]# ifup ifcfg-ens33:0
ERROR     : [/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-eth] Error, some other host (00:0C:29:1F:FB:2F) already uses address 20.0.0.10.
[root@ha02 network-scripts]# systemctl restart network
[root@ha02 network-scripts]# ifup ifcfg-ens33:0

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==================================================================================================

[root@ha01 network-scripts]# ifup ifcfg-ens33:0
[root@ha01 network-scripts]# ifconfig 
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 20.0.0.210  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 20.0.0.255
        inet6 fe80::fa76:f2fe:47ea:cebf  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:1f:fb:2f  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 21454  bytes 29257870 (27.9 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 9843  bytes 614500 (600.0 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

ens33:0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 20.0.0.10  netmask 255.255.255.255  broadcast 20.0.0.10
        ether 00:0c:29:1f:fb:2f  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 386  bytes 34810 (33.9 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 386  bytes 34810 (33.9 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

virbr0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.122.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.122.255
        ether 52:54:00:7b:ec:da  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

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[root@ha01 network-scripts]# route add -host 20.0.0.10 dev ens33:0
[root@ha01 network-scripts]# vim /etc/rc.local

/usr/sbin/route add -host 20.0.0.10 dev ens33:0

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3.3、配置ARP内核响应参数防止更新VIP中的MAC地址，避免发生冲突

[root@ha01 network-scripts]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf 

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
#proc响应关闭重定向功能
net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects = 0
net.ipv4.conf.ens33.send_redirects = 0

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[root@ha01 network-scripts]# sysctl -p
## 加载配置文件生效
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects = 0
net.ipv4.conf.ens33.send_redirects = 0

3.4、配置负载均衡分配策略

[root@ha01 network-scripts]# ipvsadm-save > /etc/sysconfig/ipvsadm
## 保持策略
[root@ha01 network-scripts]# systemctl start ipvsadm.service
## 开启ipvsadm服务
[root@ha01 network-scripts]# ipvsadm -C

## 情况策略，添加虚拟ip地址，指定负载均衡算法给两台web节点服务器
[root@ha01 network-scripts]# ipvsadm -A -t  20.0.0.10:80 -s rr
[root@ha01 network-scripts]# ipvsadm -a -t  20.0.0.10:80 -r 20.0.0.100:80 -g
[root@ha01 network-scripts]# ipvsadm -a -t  20.0.0.10:80 -r 20.0.0.200:80 -g
[root@ha01 network-scripts]# ipvsadm
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  ha01:http rr
  -> 20.0.0.100:http              Route   1      0          0         
  -> 20.0.0.200:http              Route   1      0          0

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3.5、配置web节点服务器（两台slave同时部署 20.0.0.100 、20.0.0.200）

3.5.1、配置虚拟ip地址（VIP：20.0.0.10）

[root@slave01 ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
[root@slave01 network-scripts]# ls
ifcfg-ens33  ifdown-ipv6    ifdown-TeamPort  ifup-ippp   ifup-routes       network-functions
ifcfg-lo     ifdown-isdn    ifdown-tunnel    ifup-ipv6   ifup-sit          network-functions-ipv6
ifdown       ifdown-post    ifup             ifup-isdn   ifup-Team
ifdown-bnep  ifdown-ppp     ifup-aliases     ifup-plip   ifup-TeamPort
ifdown-eth   ifdown-routes  ifup-bnep        ifup-plusb  ifup-tunnel
ifdown-ib    ifdown-sit     ifup-eth         ifup-post   ifup-wireless
ifdown-ippp  ifdown-Team    ifup-ib          ifup-ppp    init.ipv6-global
[root@slave01 network-scripts]# cp ifcfg-ens33 ifcfg-lo:0
[root@slave01 network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-lo:0

DEVICE=lo:0
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=20.0.0.10
NETMASK=255.255.255.255

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[root@slave01 network-scripts]# ifup ifcfg-lo:0
## 开启虚拟网卡
[root@slave01 network-scripts]# ifconfig
## 查看网卡

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[root@slave01 network-scripts]# route add -host 20.0.0.10 dev lo:0
[root@slave01 network-scripts]# vim /etc/rc.local 
## 配置永久添加路由
route add -host 20.0.0.10 dev lo:0

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3.5.3、配置ARP内核响应参数防止更新VIP中的MAC地址，避免发生冲突

[root@slave01 network-scripts]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf 

net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_ignore = 1
net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_announce = 2
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 2

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[root@slave01 network-scripts]# sysctl -p
net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_ignore = 1
net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_announce = 2
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 2

3.6、部署NFS存储服务器（NFS共享存储ip地址：20.0.0.230）

[root@master01 ~]# rpm -q rpcbind nfs-utils 
## 检查是否有安装nfs
rpcbind-0.2.0-42.el7.x86_64
nfs-utils-1.3.0-0.48.el7.x86_64

[root@master01 ~]# systemctl start nfs
[root@master01 ~]# systemctl start rpcbind
##开启服务

[root@master01 ~]# systemctl enable nfs
## 设置开机自启
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nfs-server.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/nfs-server.service.
[root@master01 ~]# systemctl enable rpcbind

[root@master01 ~]# mkdir /opt/web1 /opt/web2
## 创建web目录